k 


.^y. 


'<^. 


<P 


IMAGE  EVAmATSON 
TEST  TARGET  (MT-S) 


1.0 


I.I 


m  iiiiM 


us 


1 


40 


2.0 


L25  1114.  .6 


6" 


Photographic 

Sciences 
Corporation 


.# 


A.        ^^ 


f\ 


:\ 


\ 


o^ 


A 


"^ 


23  WEST  MAIN  STREET 

WEBSTER,  NY.  145  BO 

(716)  B72-4S03 


o 


«? 


f/j 


L<y 


^ 


CIHM/ICMH 

Microfiche 

Series. 


CIHM/ICMH 
Collection  de 
microfiches. 


Canadian  Institute  for  Historical  Microreproductions  /  Institut  canadien  de  microreproductions  historiques 


Technical  and  Bibliographic  Notas/Notes  techniques  at  bibliographiquas 


Ths  Institute  has  attempted  to  obtain  the  best 
original  copy  available  for  filming.  Features  of  this 
copy  which  may  be  bibliographically  unique, 
which  may  alter  any  of  the  images  in  the 
reproduction,  or  which  may  sirnificantly  change 
the  usual  method  of  filming,  are  checked  below. 


D 


Coloured  covers/ 
Couverture  de  couleur 


I      j    Covers  damaged/ 


Couverture  endommagda 

Covers  restored  and/or  laminated/ 
Couverture  restai:r6e  et/ou  peiliculde 

Cover  title  missing/ 

Le  titre  de  couverture  manque 

Coloured  maps/ 

Cartes  giographiques  en  couieur 

Coloured  ink  (i.e.  other  than  blue  or  black)/ 
Encre  de  couleur  (i.e.  autre  que  bleue  ou  noire) 

Coloured  plates  and/or  illustrations/ 
Planches  et/ou  illustrations  en  couleur 

Bound  with  other  material/ 
Reiid  avec  d'autres  documents 


□ 


n 


a 


Tight  binding  may  cause  shadows  or  distortion 
along  interior  margin/ 

Lareliure  serree  peut  causer  de  I'ombre  ou  de  la 
distorsion  le  long  de  la  marge  interieure 

Blank  leaves  added  during  restoration  may 
appear  within  the  text.  Whenever  possible,  these 
have  been  omitted  from  filming/ 
II  se  peut  que  certaines  pages  blanches  ajout^es 
lors  dune  restauration  apparaissent  dans  le  texte, 
mais,  lorsque  cela  dtait  possible,  ces  pages  n'ont 
pas  iti  filmdes. 

Additional  comments:/ 
Commentaires  suppl6mentaires; 


L'Institut  a  microfilme  se  meilleur  exemplaire 
qu'il  lui  a  iti  possible  de  se  procurer.  Les  details 
de  cet  exemplaire  qui  sont  peut-dtre  uniques  du 
point  de  vue  bibliographique,  qui  pouvent  modifier 
une  image  reproduite,  ou  qui  peuvent  exiger  une 
modification  dans  la  m^thode  normale  de  filmage 
sont  indiquAs  ci-dessous. 


I      I    Coloured  pages/ 


Pages  de  couieur 

Pages  damaged/ 
Pages  endommag^es 


□    Pages  restored  and/or  iaminated/ 
Pages  restaurees  et/ou  pelliculees 

r~7]    Pages  discoloured,  stained  or  foxed/ 
tX/J    Pages  ddcolor^es,  tachetdes  ou  piquees 

□    Pages  detached/ 
Pages  d^tachees 

QShowthruugh/ 
Transparence 


varies/ 
inigale  de  I'impression 


□    Quality  of  print 
Quality  inigale  ( 

Includes  suppler 

Comprend  du  matdriel  supplementaire 

Only  edition  available/ 
Seule  Edition  disponible 


I      I    Includes  supplementary  material/ 
I      I    Only  edition  available/ 


D 


Pages  wholly  or  partially  o'-jscured  by  errata 
slips,  tissues,  etc.,  have  been  refilmed  to 
ensure  the  best  possible  image/ 
Les  pages  totalement  ou  partieilement 
obscurcies  par  un  feuillet  d'errata.  une  pelure. 
etc.,  cnt  *t§  film^es  A  nouveau  de  facon  a 
obtenir  la  meilleure  image  possible. 


This  item  is  filmed  at  the  reduction  ratio  checked  below/ 
Ce  document  est  film*  au  taux  de  reduction  indiqud  ci-dessous. 
10X  14X  18X  22X 


26X 


30X 


12X 


16X 


./ 


20X 


24X 


28X 


32X 


Th«  copy  filmed  hare  has  been  reproduced  thanks 
to  the  generosity  of: 

L^islature  du  Quebec 

Quebec  ^'1 

Th'^  images  appearing  here  are  the  best  quality 
possible  considering  the  condition  and  legibility 
of  the  original  copy  and  In  keeping  with  the 
filming  contract  specifications. 


Original  copies  in  printec:  paper  covers  are  filmed 
beginning  with  the  front  cover  and  ending  on 
the  last  page  with  a  printed  or  illustrated  impres- 
sion, or  the  back  cover  when  appropriate.  All 
other  original  copiea  are  filmed  beginning  on  the 
first  page  with  a  printed  or  illustrated  impres- 
sion, and  ending  on  the  last  page  with  a  printed 
or  illustrated  impression. 


The  last  recorded  frame  on  each  microfiche 
shall  contain  the  symbol  —^(meaning  "CCM- 
TIIMUED").  or  the  symbol  V  (meaning  "ENO"). 
whichaver  appliea. 

Mapa.  plates,  charts,  etc..  may  be  filmed  at 
different  reduction  ratios.  Those  too  large  to  be 
entirely  included  in  one  eTtposure  are  filmed 
beginning  in  the  upper  left  hand  corner,  left  to 
right  and  top  to  bottom,  as  many  frames  as 
required.  The  following  diagrams  illustrate  the 
method: 


L'exemplaire  filmA  fut  reproduit  grdce  i  ia 
gin4rositA  da: 

L^islature  du  Cuibec 
Quebec 


Lee  images  suivantes  ont  iti  reproduites  avec  le 
plua  grand  soin.  compto  tenu  de  la  condition  st 
de  la  nattet*  de  l'exemplaire  filni«,  st  en 
conformity  avec  lea  conditions  du  contrat  de 
filmage. 

Lea  exemplairea  originaux  dont  la  couverture  an 
papier  eat  imprimte  sont  filmte  en  commenpant 
par  le  premier  plat  at  en  terminant  soit  par  ia 
derniAre  page  qui  comporte  une  empreinte 
d'impression  ou  d'illustration,  soit  par  le  second 
plat,  salon  le  cas.  Tous  las  autres  axempiairas 
origiriaux  sont  filmte  en  commenpant  par  la 
premiere  page  qui  comporte  une  empreinte 
d'Impreaaion  ou  d'illustration  at  en  terminant  par 
la  derniire  page  qui  comporte  une  telle 
empreinte. 

Un  dea  symbolee  suivants  apparaitra  sur  la 
demidre  image  de  cheque  microfiche,  selon  le 
caa:  le  symbols  — ^  signifie  "A  SUIVRE  ",  le 
symbole  V  signtfie  "FIN". 

Lea  cartaa.  planches,  tableaux,  etc.,  peuvent  dtre 
fiimte  dk  dea  taux  da  rMuction  diff^rents. 
Lorsqua  le  document  est  trop  grand  pour  dtre 
reproduit  en  un  seul  clichA.  11  est  film«  A  partir 
da  I'angle  supirieur  gaucha,  de  gauche  A  droite. 
et  do  haut  en  baa,  en  prenant  le  nombr>$ 
d'images  nicessaira.  Las  diagrammes  suivants 
iliuatrent  la  mAthode. 


1  2  3 


1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

library  of  l^attarn  Onitcrjiitr^ 


Bibliographical  Contributions. 


// 


EDITED   BY  JUSTIN   WINSOR, 

LIBRARIAN. 


3sro.  19. 


THE    KOHL    COLLECTION 


OF 


MAPS    RELATING   TO   AMERICA. 


By  JUSTIN   WINSOR. 


CAMBRIDGE,   MASS.: 

Hamtti  &2  tbe  Htbrars  of  l^arbatti  Unf&ersfts. 

1886. 


Already  issiied  or  in  preparation  : 


A  Star  prefixed  indicates  they  are  not  yet  ready. 


> 


I. 

2. 

3- 

4- 

S- 
6. 

7. 

8. 
9- 

10. 

II. 

12. 

13- 

14. 

IS- 
16. 

17- 

18. 
19. 
20. 
21. 
"22. 


Edwapd   S.   Holden.     Index-Catalog „e  of   Books  and  Memoirs  on  the  Transits  of 

Mercury. 
Justin  Winsor.     Shakespeare's  Poems :   a  Bibliography  of  the  Earlier  Editions. 
Charles  Eliot  Norton.     Principal  books  relating  to  the  Life  and  Works  of  Michel- 
angelo, with  Notes. 
Justin  Winsor.     Pietas  et  Gratulatio.     An  Inquiry  into  the  authorship  of  the  several 

pieces. 
List  of  Apparatus  in  different   Laboratories  of  the   United   States,  available  for 

Scientific  Researches  involving  Accurate   Measurements, 
The   Collection   of    Books   and   Autographs,    bequeathed    to    Harvard  College 

Library,  by  the  Honorable  Charles  Sumner. 
William  C.  Lane.    The  Dante  Collections  in  the  Harvard  College  and  Boston  Public 

Libraries. 
Calendar  of  the  Arthur  Lee  Manuscripts  in  Harvard  College  Library. 
George  Lincoln  Goodale.     The  Floras  of  different  countries. 
Justin  Winsor.     Halhwelliana  :  a  Bibliography  of  the  Publications  of  James  Orchard 

Halliwell-Phillipps. 
Samuel  H.  Scudder.     The  Entomological  Libraries  of  the  United  States. 
A  List  of  the  Publications  of  Harvard  University  and  its  Officers,  1870-1880. 
Samuel  H.  Scudder.     A  Bibliography  of  Fossil  Insects. 
William  H.  Tillinghast.    Notes  on  the  Historical  Hydrography  of  the  Handkerchief 

Shoal  in  the  Bahamas 
J.  T).  Whitney.     List  of  American  Authors  in  Geology  and  Palaeontology. 

Classified  Index  to  the  Maps  in  Petermann's  Geographische  Mit- 

1855-1881. 

Classified  Index  to  the  Maps  in  the  Royal  Geographical  Society's 

1830-1883. 
The  Bibliography  of  Ptolemy's  Geography. 
The  Kohl  Collection  of  Early  Maps. 
William  C.  Lane.     Index  to  Recent  Reference  Lists,  1884-1885. 
A  List  of  the  Publications  of  Harvard  University  and  its  Officers,  1880-1885. 
Justin  Winsor.    Calendar  of  the  Sparks  Manuscripts  in  Harvard  College  Library. 


K     .i\RD  Bliss. 
theilungen. 

Richard  Bliss. 

Publications. 
Justin  Winsor. 
Justin  Winsor. 


' 


4> 


THE    KOHL    COLLECTION    OF    EARLY    MAPS. 


ansits  of 

ions. 
Michel- 

e  several 

able  for 

College 

)n  Public 


BELONGING  TO  THE  DEPARTMENT  OF  STATE,  WASHINGTON,  U.S.A. 


By  Justin  Winsor,  Librarian  of  the   University. 


Orchard 

-1880. 
dkerchief 

iche  Mit- 
Society's 


^1885. 
Library. 


^ 


%•  This  collection  consists  of  well -executed 
hand-copies,  with  but  occasie)n:il  attempts  at  repro- 
duction by  fac-siniiie.  The  maps  are  contained  in 
a  series  of  portfolios,  and  each  is  mounted  on  a 
large  sheet  of  card-board,  with  marginal  tablets  or 
other  appendage  of  description.  Little  use  of  color 
is  made  in  them.  The  names,  legends,  drawings, 
and  devices  are  usually  in  black  ink;  the  coast  shad- 
ings and  larger  rivers  in  a  blue  wash.  The  maps 
vary  in  size. 

Ur.  John  G.  Kohl,  a  learned  German,  and  a  travel- 
ler of  large  experience,  was  born  in  Bremen,  April 
28,  1S08,  but  spent  many  years  in  Dresden.  He  had 
from  his  early  years  pursued  the  study  of  historical 
geography.  He  came  to  this  country  in  1854,  bring- 
ing copies  which  he  had  made  of  laany  maps  relat- 
ing to  the  progress  of  discovery  in  America, —  some 
of  them  from  old  geographical  and  other  printed 
treatises,  and  some  from  manuscripts  of  various 
kinds  which  he  had  found  in  European  archives 
and  libraries,  public  and  private.  Using  an  appro- 
priation from  the  government,  obtained  in  1856 
($6,000),  he  prepared  this  series  of  copies,  as  the 
foundation  of  an  elaborate  catalogue  of  the  early 
maps  of  the  American  continent. 
"  He  also,  using  for-  illustration  some  of  the  same 
maps,  prepared  for  the  Coast  Survey  memoirs  of 
the  early  cartography  (eastern  and  western  coasts 
of  the  present  United  States  and  of  the  Gulf  of 
Mexico),  which  are  described  in  the  Reports  of  the 
Survey  for  1855  and  1856.  As  the  results  of  this 
study.  Dr.  Kohl  later  printed  in  the  Zcitschrift  fiir 
Allgent.  ErdkunJe  (neue  folge,  xv),  two  papers  on  the 
"Alteste  Geschichte  der  Entdcckung  and  I'rfor- 
sehung  des  Golfs  von  Mexico  und  der  ihn  umgebendcn 
Kiisten  durch  die  Spanier  von  1492  bis  1543,"  and 
he  confessedly  published  this  essay  as  a  part  of  his 
greater  work  made  for  the  United  States  Coast  Sur- 
vey. He  likewise  prepared,  what  is  in  good  part  an 
excerpt  from  this  larger  collection,  a  memoir  on  the 
early  cartography  of  the  northwest  coast  of  North 
America.  This  manuscript  was  later  ia  the  posses- 
sion of  Professor  Henry  of  the  Smithsonian  Insti- 
tution, and  was  given  by  him  to  the  American 
Antiquarian  Society,  in  whose  library  at  Worcester 
it  now  is.  Cf.  the  J'roceedtiigs  of  that  Society,  Oct. 
1S67  ;  Apr.  1869,  and  Apr.  1872. 

Dr.  Kohl  failed  to  get  from  the  government  all 
the  sanction  which  he  wanted  for  the  publication  of 
his  results,  and  so  returned  to  Europe  about  1858, 
leaving  these  collections  behind  him.  At  home  he 
became  the  librarian  of  the  city  library  of  Bremen, 
and  prepared  and  published  various  studies  in  his 
special  department ;  the  chief  of  which  were,  first, 


a  treatise  (1S61)  on  the  earliest  official  maps  of 
America,  —  />>/<■  iKiden  dltestcn  Genenil-karten  von 
Amerikii, —  which  was  accompanied  by  fac-similes 
on  a  large  scale,  excellently  done,  of  the  well-known 
maps  of  1527  and  1529;  and,  second,  a  treatise  on 
the  early  discovery  and  cartography  of  the  region 
known  as  the  Gulf  of  Maine, — with  references, 
however,  to  some  adjacent  and  even  somewhat  re- 
mote parts,  —  which  he  undertook  at  the  invitation 
of  the  Historical  Society  of  Maine.  This  book, 
which  forms  the  first  volume  of  the  Documentary 
History  of  that  State,  p-  Wished  by  that  society,  is 
called  A  History  of  the  Discoi'ery  of  Maine,  and  was 
published,  partly  at  the  cost  of  the  State,  in  i86g. 
It  remains  the  most  important  single  contribution 
to  the  history  of  the  discovery  and  cartography  of 
our  Eastern  coast.  It  wa>  illustrated  with  numerous 
sketch  maps,  mostly,  if  not  entirely,  excerpts  from 
this  collection,  which  wer?"  used  by  him  under  the 
advantage  of  greater  kno'  ■  -dge  and  experience  than 
he  possessed  when  he  formed  the  Washington  col- 
lection. He  also  printed  in  1861,  at  Bremen,  a 
Geschichte  der  Entdcckung  Amerikas,  which  was 
translated  by  R.  K.  Noel,  and  published  in  London 
in  1862,  in  two  volumes,  as  a  Popular  History  of  the 
Disco"iicrv  of  America  from  Columbus  to  Franklin.  A 
treatise  on  the  history  of  the  Gulf  Stream  was  another 
fruit  of  these  later  labors. 

Dr.  Kohl  has  amply  set  forth  his  methods  and 
purposes  in  his  favorite  study  in  his  introduction  to 
his  Discovery  of  Maine,  and  he  has  explained  the 
importance  of  old  maps  in  historical  study  in  a 
lecture  On  the  Plan  of  a  Cartographical  Depot  for  the 
History  and  Geography  of  the  American  Continent, 
which  he  delivered  at  the  Smithsonian  Institution, 
and  which  is  printed  in  its  Annual  Report  for  1856, 
pp.  93-147.  Another  useful  little  treatise  was  also 
printed  by  him  in  Washington  in  1857,  entitled :  A 
Descriptive  Catalogue  of  those  mups,  charts,  and  sur- 
veys, relating  to  America,  -which  are  mentioned  in  Vol. 
Iff.  ofHakluyt's  Great  Work.  In  this  publicat'on  he 
speaks  of  having  studied  American  maps  "  a  little 
better  than  those  of  the  other  parts  of  the  world," 
and  calls  his  tract  a  part  of  A  General  Catalogue  of 
all  the  maps  relating  to  America,  —  which  seems  to 
have  been  the  title  intended  for  the  work,  which  he 
hoped  finally  to  publish  under  the  patronage  of  the 
government.  He  also  printed  at  this  time  in  The 
A'ational  Intelligencer  an  interesting  paper  on  "  Lost 
maps." 

Dr.  Kohl  died  at  Bremen,  Oct.  28,  1878 ;  and  Mr. 
Charles  Deane,  who  had  known  Kohl  well  during 
his  sojourn  in  Cambridge,  where  he  had  done  much 
of  his  work  on  American  maps,  using  in  part  the 


f  I 


THE    KOHL   COLLECTION   OF  EARLY  MAPS. 


extensive  collection  of  printed  maps  in  the  collcce 
library,  — commemorated  him  in  the  following  De- 
cember in  a  notice  before  the  Massachusetts  His- 
torical Society,  which  is  printed  in  their  Pn>cmihr's, 
vol.  XVI.  p.  3«i.  Kohl's  rcput.-ition  as  a  student  and 
expounder  of  comparative  cartography  wa.s  very 
high.  Mr.  Major,  the  eminent  head  of  the  map 
department  in  the  Jiritish  Museum,  referring  to  Dr. 
Kohl's  /)/>rm'>-_>'  of  Maim;  s\)o\ic  of  it  as  "a  most 
admirable  work ;  and  1  am  proud  to  think  (he  adds) 
that  It  was  at  my  suggestion  .hat  the  proposal  w.-is 
made  to  my  learned  friend  to  undertake  so  responsi- 
ble and  learned  a  task."  Mr.  Deanc  properly  savs 
of  him  :  "  After  the  death  of  Humboldt,  he  was  un- 
questionably  the  most  distinguished  geographer  in 
Lurope."  Mr.  James  Carson  Brevoort,  whose  own 
knowledge  of  early  American  maps  is  so  critical, 
accords  him  the  highest  place  among  his  contempo- 
raries; and  Mr.  Henry  C.  Murphy,  by  who.se  recent 
death  scholarship  in  this  field  has  lost  a  devotee 
of  superior  attainments,  also  bears  testimony  to 
the  rich  quality  of  his  work. 

After  his  return  to  Europe  Dr.  Kohl  also  pulv 
lished  at  Berlin  in  1877  a  Geschkhte  der  Eiitdcckum's- 
rtisenund  Schifffahrtcn  zur  Magellan'' s-strasse  undztt 
den  t/ir  benachbarten  Ldndem  tind  Meercn,  mil  acht 
Karten,  which  had  previously  appeared  in  vol.  xl  of 
'/•  ^^Jf^^^^'''/' d'-''  Ceselhchaft  fiir  Erdkundc  in  Ber- 
Im.  This  also  he  considered  a  fragment  of  a  greater 
work,  which  he  proposed  to  call  "Geschichle  der  Ent- 
dechtmg  und  Geographie  der  Netien  IVelt."  He  had 
prepared  a  history  of  the  search  for  the  northwest 
pass.ige  from  Cortes  to  Franklin  and  McClure,  which 
failing  health  prevented  his  ])utting  to  press.  Some 
fragments  of  it  were  printed  however  in  the  periodi- 
cal Ausland,  puMished  at  Augsburg.  A  portrait  of 
him,  following  a  photogr.iph,  is  engraved  in  the 
Narrative  and  Critical  History  of  America,  vol.  iii 
p.  209;  and  a  memoir  is  printed  in  i\\c  Beilaire  zur 
Allgcmcinef.  Zeituug,  Augsburg,  July  9,  1879.    ' 

Ihis  valuable  collection  h.id  for  twenty-five  years 
remained  practically  unused  in  the  custody  of  the 
Department  of  State  at  Washington.     At  the  out- 
break of  the  civil  war  it  was  temporarily  in  cliai  'e 
of  the  War  Department,  placed  in   an   apartment 
occupied  by  troops,  and  barely  escaped  destruction. 
Scholars  have  occasionally  referred  to  it,  but  they 
chiefly  brought  away  from  it  a  sense  of  its  importance 
and  of  the  want  of  a  key  to  it.    Being  in  communica- 
tion with  the  librarian  of  that  department,  Theodore 
F.  DwiGHT,  Esq.,  the  preparation  of  an  annotated 
calendar  for  the  use  of  scholars  w.is  suggested ;  and 
on  his  representation  of  the  subject  to  the  Depart- 
ment permission  was  promptly  obtained  to  have  the 
maps  sent  to  the  College  library  at  Cambridge  to 
facilitate  the  prep.iration  of  such  a  Calendar.     Dr. 
Kohl  had  arranged  the  maps  on  a  .system,  from 
which  It  does  not  seem  necessary  to  depart.    Since 
he  was  engaged  upon  this  collection  a  great  advance 
has  been  made  in  the  study  of  early  American  car- 
tography.    His  comments,  therefore,  are  not  .is  use- 
ful now  as  formerly ;  and  though  constant  i-se  has 
been  made  of  them,  the  editor  has  been  obliged  to 
1?"^,'^^  '^'■Re  discrimination,  as  well  as  to  rectify 
Kohl  s  English,  whenever  it  is  quoted.     Many  im- 
portant and  useful  maps  have  been  brought  to  light 
or  made  public,  which  were  not  known  to  Dr.  Kohl. 
In  order  to  make  the  enumeration  as  useful  as  pos- 
sible as  a  chcrk-Iist  for  the  student,  notices  of  many 
of  these  .idditional  maps  have  been  inserted  in  their 
proper  chronological  order;  but  only  such  as  Dr. 
Kohl  contributes  have  had  a  marginal  serial  number 
given  to  them. 


I. 

THF   WORLD  BEFORE   COLUMBUS. 
1.  A  symbolic  representation  of  the  earth 
plJJ^i.*"      """'    ''""^    *"  Egyptian 

Dr.  Kohl  credits  thi.s  to  a  hieroglyphic  p.npyrus 
m  he  Cabinc  dcs  Mcdailles  of  tic  BibliotI  6que 
>fat.onalc  ,n  r.iris,  an<l  to  a  reproduction  given  by 
Charton  in  his  loyageurs  anciens  et  modernis. 

At  tiie  bottom  of  the  picture,  as  a  representation 
of  the  Mrth,  IS  .in  outstretched  human  figure,  its 
body  spotted  with  leaves.  Heaven  is  in  form  of 
another  figure,  bent  like  an  arch  over  the  earth, 
with  marks  of  stars  covering  its  body.  Among 
other  symbo  s,  the  goddess  Maou  kne6ls  beneatR 
the  arch,  with  weights  on  her  arms,  indicatiiig  the 
force  of  equilibrium.  Outside  the  arch,  on  the  left 
and  on  the  right,  two  boats  are  represented  as  carry- 
ing the  using  and  setting  sun.  ' 

2.  Hindu  representation  of  the  world. 

Taken  from  engravings  which  appeared  in  the 
Jourmd  of  the  Asiatic  Society,  and  in  Charton's 
V  oyageurs  anciens  et  modernci. 

It  represents  an  e.vpanded  lotus-flower  floating  on 
the  .S0.1.  A  surroinuUng  chain  of  mountains  (not 
shown  in  the  drawing)  separates  this  from  the  great 
vacuum.  1  he  centre  of  the  flower  forms  Mount 
Meru  the  residence  of  the  gods,  and  from  this 
mountain  rivers  flow  in  all  directions.  The  leaves 
represent  the  great  peninsula    regions  of  Asia. 

3.  A.  D.  550.    The  universe  after  Cosmaa. 

Taken  from  a  print  in  Charton's  I'oyageurs  ancient 
et  modcrnes. 

A  case,  in  shape  like  the  tabernacle  of  Moses, 
Rives  m  the  upper  portion  the  abode  of  the  Creator. 

1}\^J'^'^}^  '^  '"  ^'^^  ^?™  "^  ^  "^'g^  mountain,  round 
which  the  sun  revolves,  .ind  its  base  is  washed  by 
he  occ-in,  .-irms  of  which  like  the  Persian  Gulf 
(I  crsicus),  the  Ambian  Gulf  (Arabicus),  and  the 
Mediterranean  Sea  (probably  intended  by  Sinus  Ro- 
nianus)  indent  tne  foot  of  the  mountain.  The  ,s- 
pKin  Sea  (Caspius)  is  represented  on  the  side  ol  the 
mdiintain. 

Cosmas  was  .1  geographer  of  the  sixth  century. 
„i  \  r"?"  n  T  '  f^""".'":?  "-'''9'"-';  Santarem's  AtlJs, 
M    \  Address  on  the  //«/.  0/  Cartogra- 

4.  viii.  cent.    The  world. 

A  map,  found  by  Libri  in  the  library  of  Alby,  be- 
ongmg  to  .1  m-inuscript  of  the  eighth  century,  and 
believed  by  Libri  to  be  the  most  ancient  cartograph- 
ical monument  known  to  us.  Santarem  in  his  Ilis. 
totre  de  la  Cartographie,  etc.,  ii.  23  [Atlas,  pi.  2),  has 
analyzed  the  m.ip,  but  Kohl,  who  does  not  say  from 
what  his  own  copy  was  made,  points  out  that  Santa- 
rem s  description  does  not  wholly  agree  with  it. 

The  earth  is  a  huge  island  of  a  horse-shoe  shape, 
ot  wide  arms  but  of  narrower  ajie-x,  lying  upon  an 
ocean,  — a  gulf  of  which,  representing  the  Mediter- 
ranean sea,  fills  the  space  between  the  arms  of  the 
shoe. 

Kohl  points  out  that  this  geographer  of  Charle- 
ni.igne  s  day  did  not  know  so  much  of  the  earth  as 
was  known  in  the  time  of  Alexander  the  Great. 
Lekwel,  vol.  I.,  gives  it,  and  calls  it  of  the  eighth 

beuibling  It,  which  he  calls  of  the  tenth  century. 


THE   KOHL  COLLECTION   OF   EARLY   MAPS. 


^ 


i 


5.  A.  u.  7S7.    Spanish  map  of  the  world. 

Knlil  says  this  drawing  is  based  on  a  tracing, 
made  1)V  lum  frunj  a  copy,  belonKing  to  Santareni, 
of  an  original,  wiiich  is  a  j)art  of  the  Spanish  manu- 
script commcutary  on  the  Apocalypse  by  an  unknown 
writer,  of  about  787.  Kohl  does  not  say  where  the 
original  is;  but  Santarcm  has  included  it  in  his 
At/iis,  pi.  12. 

The  earth  is  a  parallelogram  with  lounded  corners, 
surrounded  by  the  ocean,  arms  of  which  cut  it  like 
straight  canals. 

—  ix.  cent. 

Santarem  in  his  Af/as  (pi.  3  and  lo),  gives  two 
mappemondes  of  the  ninth  century ;  and  Lelcwel 
At/iis  (pi.  vii.)  gives  one  from  a  MS.  then  preserved 
at  Strasbourg,  which  had  been  previously  publisned 
by  Mone  in  the  Aitzei^er  fur  Kunde  der  teutsclicn 
Vorzeit,  1836. 

—  X.  cent. 

Examples  of  this  century,  representing  an  Anglo- 
Saxon  map  and  an  Arabian  map  may  be  found  in 
Vivien  de  St.  Martin's  Atlas  dressi  pour  I'lliit.  dc  la 
dog.,  Paris,  1874.  The  same  are  also  given  on  a 
small  scale  in  Daly's  Address  on  the  History  of  Early 
Cartography,  pp.  20,  22.  The  Anglo-Saxon  map  is 
in  the  British  Museum,  and  was  first  published  by 
Strutt  in  his  Chronicle  of  England,  vol.  ii.,  and  was 
again  published  in  the  Magazin  pittoresqiie,  1840, 
p.  267,  by  Santarem  in  1842,  and  in  Lelewel's  Atlas, 
pi.  vii.  Santarem  in  his  Atlas  (pi.  3,  4,  6  and  7) 
also  gives  four  specimens  belonging  to  the  tenth 
century. 

6.  xi.  cent.    The  world. 

After  an  engraved  fac-simile  in  Naumann's  Cata- 
logits  libroriim  manuscriptortim,  qui  in  Oibliotheca 
senator M  civitatis  Lipsiensis  assen'antur  (Grimx, 
1838^,  which  in  turn  follows  an  original  in  a  manu- 
script of  the  eleventh  century,  written  in  the  con- 
vent of  St.  John  in  M.igdeburg,  and  containing 
beside  the  maps,  parts  of  Horace,  Lucan  and  Sal- 
lust.     Cf.  Santarcm,  I/ist.  de  la  Cartographic,  ii.  93. 

The  earth  is  circular,  surrounded  by  the  ocean, 
and  bisected  by  a  canal-like  water,  above  which  is 
Asia,  and  below  which,  another  canal  at  right  angles 
to  the  first  subdivides  the  lower  half,  with  Europe  on 
the  left  and  Africa  on  the  right. 

There  is  a  small  sketch  of  it  in  the  Atlas  of  St. 
Martin  (pi.  vi.  no.  5).  Santarem  in  his  Atlas  (pi.  8) 
also  reproduces  it;  and  Jomard,  Atlas  (pi.  xiii.), 
gives  it,  but  calls  it  of  the  tenth  century.  Lelewel, 
Atlas  (pi.  ix.),  gives  it  as  of  the  eleventh  century. 

—  xi.  cent. 

Santarem,  Atlas,  pi.  4,  6,  and  9,  gives  other  maps 
of  this  century,  the  original  of  one  being  in  the 
British  Museum,  and  another  is  represented  as  "tire 
de  la  Cosmographie  d'Azaph." 

The  mappemonde  de  St.  Sever  found  in  a  Spanish 
treatise  by  Beatus  on  the  Apocalypse,  preserved  at 
Paris,  is  given  in  facsimile  in  the  Choix  de  Docu- 
ments giographiques  conservh  i\  la  Bibliothique  A'a- 
tionale,  Paris,  i88j.  It  is  placed  in  the  xith  century, 
and  accounts  of  it  are  found  in  Davezac's  Une  di- 
gression gcographique,  Paris,  1870,  taken  from  Le 
Bibliophile  illustri ;  and  in  E.  Cortambert's  Trois 
des  plus  anciens  monuments  giographiques  du  moyen 
dge,  Paris,  1877,  taken  from  the  Bull,  de  ia  soc.  de 
giographie. 


Lelewel,  Atlas  (pi.  ii.),  gives  a  map  of  the  Egyp- 
tian Abul  Hassan  ali  li)n  Iunis(A.  I).  1008),  recon- 
strucied  ;  .uid,  on  the  same  plate,  a  map  representing 
the  habitable  globe  of  this  period  ;  also  (pi.  v.)  a 
reconstruction  of  a  map  by  Abu  Kihan  (a.  ij.  1030) ; 
and  (])I.  vii.)  a  part  of  a  maj)  after  a  manuscript  at 
St.  Omer,  which  had  been  previously  published  by 
M.ir.c  in  the  Anztiger  fiir  Kundt  der  Uulschen  Vor- 
zeit, 1836. 

7.  A.  IJ.  1063.    The  world. 

The  original  of  this  is  in  a  manuscript  Victorii 
Canon  Paschalis,  preserved,  in  the  Sir  Thomas  Phil- 
lipi)s'  roUection  in  Eng'and. 

Kohl,  referring  to  the  delineation  of  a  similar  map, 
found  at  Dijon,  given  by  Santarem,  says  that  its 
configuration  is  an  ordinary  one  in  the  eleventh 
century.  In  it  we  begin  first  to  derive  an  intelligible 
idea  of  the  views  and  aims  of  the  early  Portuguese 
navigators,  whose  explorations  down  the  African 
coast  harbingered  the  spirit  which  led  Columbus  to 
undertake  his  western  voyage. 

The  earth  is  cirtular,  surrounded  by  the  ocean. 
A  central  belt  constitutes  the  burnt  zone.  A  south- 
ern belt  is  thought  to  bp  an  inhabited  region,  by 
analogy,  because  the  northern  belt  holds  that  portion 
of  the  world  known  to  geographers.  This  northern 
belt  gives  in  a  rude  way  Europe  and  Asia,  with 
northern  Africa,  as  far  south  as  the  upper  edge  of 
the  burnt  zone,  the  island  "  Meroc  "  of  the  Nile 
lying  at  this  point.  On  the  burnt  zone  is  the  follow- 
ing inscription :  — 

"Zona  terrx  fusta  quam  undige  sursum  et  de 
orsum  circum  fluit  oceanus,  qui  a  suia  duabus  ex- 
tremitatibus  oriente  scilicet  et  occidente  in  septem- 
trioncm  et  austrum  refunditur,  qua  refusione  reumata 
id  est  ebullitiones  maris  fieri  videntur." 

8.  xii.  cent.    The  world. 

The  original  is  attached  to  a  commentary  on  the 
Apocalypse  preserved  in  the  Royal  library  at  Turin. 
It  has  been  engraved  in  Pasini's  catalogue  of  that 
library ;  and  again  in  Santarem's  Atlas.  Kohl  con- 
siders that  though  the  Turin  copy  may  be  of  the 
twelfth  centur>',  it  is  probably  a  copy  of  a  much 
older  original,  and  points  out  its  resemblance  to  vhe 
Spanish  map  numbered  5  (above),  though  the  pres- 
ent map  is  circular  instcid  of  squarish.  It  is  figured 
by  Daly  and  others  as  of  the  eighth  century.  Jomard, 
Atlas  (pi.  xiii.),  gives  it,  and  assigns  it  to  the  tenth 
century.  Lelewel,  Atlas  (pi.  ix.),  calls  it  of  the  twelfth 
century. 

9.  xii.  cent.    The  world. 

The  original  is  in  the  British  Museum,  and  belongs 
to  a  manuscript  concerning  the  Apocalypse  of  Si. 
John,  among  the  Harleian  MSS  no.  2799.  Tl:t 
Museum  authorities  put  it  down  under  this  century ; 
and  Kohl  agrees  with  them. 

The  earth  is  circular  surrounded  by  water ;  the 
Mediterranean,  Black,  and  Red  Seas  are  united  in  a 
T  shaped  canal,  with  the  upright  part  connecting 
with  the  external  ocean  at  the  west. 

—  xii.  cent. 

Santarem  in  his  Atlas  (pi.  4,  g,  7,  10,  13,  15.  and 
30)  gives  other  maps  of  this  century,  one  of  which 
is  called  "  dressee  par  Henri,  chanoine  de  May- 
ence";  another,  "tivee  d'un  MS.  Liber  Guidonis'  ; 
a  third  from  a  manuscript  of  Lambertus  in  the 
library  at  Gand  t  and  -jIso  a  planisphere  belonging  to 


—    A.  D.  1160. 

Thr  Ktftr  '''"'*. '^"V   '"   the   Hocllcian   at  Oxford 
publiS^;Tinccm.'=  ""^'  J^"^"'  -'^  '-  '^-" 

10.  xiii.  cent.   The  world  by  Mathew  of  Paria 

i^-ZIlf  /°'f  "•'''  ^''°"fi'  '"  •'•»  "'"'^ted  manuscript 
sembiel  ..w.  ^'"sciun.  and  Kohl  says  it  re- 

Sea  and  its  tVibntar^es' bu^h^  feltt^'  ^.'^KirS^  ^ 
WaJtham.     Majipamundi  doinini  reuis  ciiiod  est  in 

Jaris  tere.     Corpus  enini  terrc  sphericum  est." 

Santarcm  has  given  this  map  in  his  A//as  nl  la- 
and  also  others  of  the  thirteenth  ccntuiT  l'  fe  t' 
2  ),  mc  udnifi  a  planisphere  of  Cecco  d'  A  coii  aiv 
fn  thP  iV"'''  "'T':  --incl  a  mappamon<le  preserved 
a»^-,|^:rr^,-,[?^^:^i^H  MuseX 

^;!i^^eSrovX[;!.^^s;:i^^e;sr 


Z!!!J^^!!if^;':^ION  OF  EARLY  MAPS. 


A  fac-similc  of  an  Arabian  sea-chart  of  th,.  .»,;, 
tccn  h  ccn.ury.  preserved  in  tl^-  Amb.o  il,^,i,,  ^  v 
^«  .M.Ian,  wa3  u.ued  by  Unganu  at  Venice  In  .liL";';'' 

--  xiv.  cent. 

13 '8  IS  Kiven  also  by  Santarcm  y*//,  V  n    ,,      ,. 
gania  also  issued  in  iSS.  ,.,  ,  '  '  '•  33-     On- 

Sant.iren»  also  includes  in  his  Atlas  [xA   -x  a  %   „ 
36.  39.  60)  two  mappemondes.  a  planisoheihPlA.  '^' 

ami.  ■       u'^'  ?  I""''<''a»"  fri'm  the  I'aris  librarv 
and  a  sea-chart  from  the  archives  of  Luzerne  ^' 

«h.ch  had  been  published  in  1836  by  ftfone  1^  the 


1321.    The  world  by  Marino  Sanuto. 


11.  A.D.  1283.    The  world;  by  the  Arabian 
Kasvini.  ' 

GoTha.  °''^'""'  ''  '"  '^^  ^oW^cXlon  of  the  duke  of 
^r^.  circle  Of   high  mountains  encloses  a  circuhr 
ocean  w.h,n  which  as  a  circular  island  is  ^he  earth 
The  Arabian  peninsula  is  in  the  cen    e   Vv^th  the 

Sk  with  'ihe  ctf '  '"^'""^  '^'  ^'"^  f--""^  G"/5orm- 
ing  witii  the  China  seas  a  parallelocram  of  ivntrr 
connecting  with  the  externa  ocean.  ^Thl  AraWan 
names  are  translated  into  German  " 


12.   A.D. 

The  original  is  among  the  T.inner  \f  S^    ;.,  .1, 

1300,  as  from  a  Pans  manuscript,  Cliro„icou  whjrh 

at  Park  ^V  ?  l^"f  ^''';-""l'  ^'^^  ^  m-^P  preserved 
resemW^Mhis  no!  £.""''='"'  "'""^'  ^^'"<^'^  ^'-^'Z 

13.  A.  D.  c.  1350.    The  world  by  Hygden. 

of  R\nu'?S,?li'  '^     *''"  "'"""script  PoMnonicon 


rt  of  the  thir- 
losiaii  lilirary 
iiiwu  ill  tliSi, 


>a  and  plani- 
l>ccn  brought 
arts  of  I'ictro 
i3,  preserved 
:c,  and  in  the 
I  in  fac-simile 
ce.    That  of 

Pl-  33-  On- 
itis  portolano 
liceo- Lauren- 
•is) ;  a  plani- 

the  archives 
ino  from  the 
'//'"  (pl.  xi.), 
nth  century, 
•simile  is  in- 
ucs  conscnih 
Jomard  also 
the  century. 
(1364-1372) 

IS  given  in 
•  xiii),  and 

I-  3.  4,  8,  27, 
lere  belong- 
ilso  in  Lelc- 
iris  library, 
erne. 

m    "imago 

( Prisciani) 

'  at  Arras, 

>3ne  in  the 


>  Sanuto. 

SS.  in  the 
ise  Scaeta 

arly  filling 
rim.  The 
he  British 

they  have 
'f  1306  is 
e  Islands, 
nother  of 
1  by  lion- 
,  and  this 
'cr,  pl.  vi. 
;ivcs  one 
le  library 

3  map  of 
:w,  which 
els  copy, 
'reserved 
h  closely 


en. 

hronicon 
tish  Mu- 
Id  down 

pointed 
af  corre- 


THE   KOHL  COLLECTION  OF  EARLY  MAPS. 


spondin;?  .shape  with  sonic  islands  in  its  western 
parts.  Hilly  two  seas  inilcnt  its  outline,  —  the  kcd 
Sea  and  Persian  Gulf.  Paradise  is  the  extreme  east- 
ern apex. 

The  map  is  examined  by  Santarem  in  his  Itistoirt, 
iii.  S.!. 


14.  A.  n,  c.  1350.    The  world  by  Hygden. 

The  original  is  also  in  the  manuscript  named 
under  no.  ij. 

lis  delineation  is  much  more  elaborate.  The 
shape  is  oval,  with  the  longest  diameter  east  and 
west.  The  surrouncliiig  ocean  is  filled  with  islands. 
'I'he  Mediterranean  ami  Indian  seas  arc  rudely  tle- 
lineatcd.  Cf.  Santarem,  Hist,  tit  /a  Cartography, 
iii.  p.  3. 

St.  Martin  (/f//(W,  pl.  vi.  no.  4)  and  Lelewel  date 
it  1360.  It  is  also  included  in  Santarein's  Atlas 
(pl.  9).  It  was  figured  in  the  Magasin  pittoresque 
(1S49),  and  from  this  Lelewel  copied  it,  in  his  Atlas 

(pl.  XXV.). 

This  copy  of  Kohl's  reproduction  is  without 
notes;  a  second  copy,  i\*,  has  notes,  and  is  put 
"about  1360." 

15.  A.  D.  1367.    Atlantic  islands  by  the  broth- 

ers Fizigani. 

Dr.  Kohl  gives  only  the  coasts  of  south-west 
Europe  and  north-western  Africa,  with  the  island.s, 
which  he  identifies  with  the  Canaries,  Madeira,  and 
the  Azores,  —  considering  it  one  of  the  earliest  rep- 
resentations of  these  islands.  lie  says  he  got  his 
copy  from  Jomard  ;  but  does  not  consider  it  a  good 
one. 

The  chart  has  since  been  given  in  full  by  Jomard 
(pl.  X.)  and  Santarem  (pl.  40).  Ongania,  of  Venice, 
published  in  18S1  a  fac-simile  of  a  sea-chart  of  Fran- 
cisco Pizigani,  preserved  in  the  Ambrosian  library 
at  Milan,  which  he  dates  1373. 

16.  A.  D.  1375.    Catalan  nappemonde. 

This  is  preserved  in  the  liiblioth^que  Nationale 
at  Paris  ;  and  it  originally  belonged  to  the  library  of 
Charles  V.  in  the  Louvre.  It  is  "en  langue  romane 
catalane  du  xivc  siicle." 

It  represents  the  known  world  from  the  Canaries 
to  Catayo ;  but  Dr.  Kohl  only  gives  the  Canary 
Islands  and  the  adjacent  coast. 

It  is  given  in  full  with  a  Key  in  Sophus  Ruge's 
Geschkhte  cies  Zeitalters  dcr  Entikckitngen,  iSSi  ;  also 
in  Mannscrits de  la  Diyiothhjue  du  /iVvCetc,  Paris,  vol. 
xiv.  Part  2,  p.  i;  in  Santarem's  /4//(U  (pl.  31,  40) ; 
Lelewel's  Atlas  (pl.  xxix.);  St.  Martin's  Atlas  (pl. 
yii.  no.  I) ;  and  full  size  in  facsimile  in  twelve  sheets 
in  Choix  de  Documents  ghgraphiques  comervis  h  la 
Bibl.  Nat.,  Paris,  18S3. 

—  XV.  cent. 

Sant.irem  gives  three  mappemondes  of  this  cen- 
tury without  definite  date,  —  one  in  the  Musee  Bor- 
gia (pl.  24),  one  in  the  Medici  library  at  Florence 
(pl.  zd],  and  the  other  as  given  by  La  Salle.  Lele- 
wel (pl.  XXXV.)  gives  a  map  of  the  world  as  belong- 
ing to  a  MS.  of  Sallust  at  Geneva. 

Ongania,  at  Venice,  published  in  fSSi,  a  fac-rimile 
described  as  a  "  Planisfero  del  niondo  conosciuto  (in 
lingua  catalana)  di  anonimo  del  xv  secolo,"  from 
an  original  preserved  in  the  Biblioteca  nazionale  at 
Florence. 


—  A.  D.  I4IO. 

A  planisphere  of  Pierre  d'Ailly  is  given  in  Santa- 
rem (pl.  15)  and  in  Lelewel  (i)l.  xxviii.).  It  is  de- 
scribed in  Santarem's  Hist.  J*  la  Carlugrafhit,  Iii., 
301. 

17.  A. D,  14..?  Juan  da  Napoli's  Portolano. 

This  gives  only  the  .Atlantic  islands  from  a  i)orto- 
lano,  which  Kohl  thinks  represents  the  knowledge  of 
a  time  not  hmg  after  1400.  It  belongs  to  an  Atlas 
made  in  Venice,  which  is  among  the  Egerton  MSS. 
in  the  Uritish  Museum,  whose  catalogue,  says  Kohl, 
assigns  the  atlas  to  1498.  "  Ilia  da  Brazil  "  is  repre- 
sented off  the  coast  of  Ireland. 


—  A.  D.  1417. 

A  maj)  of  the  world  belonging  to  a  manuscript  of 
PomiJonius  Mela  in  the  library  at  Kheims. 

The  earth  is  within  a  circle,  with  the  ocean  sur- 
rounding it;  and  the  Mediterrane.in,  extending  into 
the  land,  i.i  as  usual  the  prominent  feature. 

It  is  given  by  Jomard,  Atlas  (pl.  xiii.),  as  of  the 
fifteenth  century;  and  is  also  in  Santarem,  Atlas  (pl. 
22);  Lelewel,  Atlas  (pl.  xxxiii.);  St.  Martin,  Atlas 
(pl.  vi.  no.  6). 


—  A.  D.  1424. 

Santarem  (pl.  41)  gives  a  "Carte  de  la  biblio- 
thiquc  de  Weimar." 

—  A.  D.  1426. 

A  portolano  of  a  Venetian  hydrographer  Giacomo 
Giraldi  is  preserved  in  the  Biblioteca  Marciana  at 
Venice.  It  was  reproduced  at  Venice  in  i88i  by 
Ongania. 


18.  A.  D.  1436.  The  Atlantic  Islands  by  Andrea 
Bianco. 


19.  A.  D.  1436.    The  world  by  Andrea  Bianco. 

The  original  of  no.  19  is  preserved  in  the  Biblio- 
teca Marciana  at  Venice.  Kohl  implies  that  No.  18 
is  not  taken  from  no.  19,  but  follows  an  independent 
sea-chart  by  Bianco,  in  which  thin  portion  of  the 
large  map  was  reproduced  with  the  names  "Antil- 
lia,"  etc.  inserted,  while  they  were  omitted  in  the 
larger  map,  — at  least  Lelewel  omits  them,  whose 
engraving  Kohl  follows.  There  is  a  "  Carta  nau- 
tica"  by  Bianco,  dated  1448,  preserved  in  the  Biblio- 
teca Ambrosiana  at  Milan,  and  of  this  a  fac-simile 
was  issued  by  Ongania  at  Venice  in  1881. 

Map  no.  19  is  given  in  full  iii  Lelewel  {pl.  xxxii.) 
and  in  Santarem  (pl.  23,43);  and  other  references 
are  given  in  Winsor's  Bibliography  of  Ptolemy's  Geog- 
raphy, sub  ar.no  1478. 

Blanco's  views  are  of  interest  in  early  American 
cartography  from  the  deductions  which  some  have 
drawn  from  the  configuration  of  the  islands  "  Antil- 
lia"  and  "De  la  man  Satanxxio," — two  islands  on 
its  western  verge,  —  that  they  ropresent  Pre-Colum- 
bian discovery  of  South  and  North  America.  Hum- 
boldt, Crit.  Untersiichungen,  i.  413, 416,  has  discussed 
this  question,  and  pointed  out  that  an  island  "  Anlil- 
lia  "  had  earlier  appeared  on  a  map  of  1425,  and 
Davezac  finds  much  earlier  references  to  such  an 
island.  Santarem  {.Hist,  de  la  Cartographies  &c.,  liL 
366,  has  fully  described  Blanco's  work. 


THE    KOHL  COLLECTION   OF   EARLY   MAPS. 


—  A.  t).  1439. 

—  A.  I).   1447. 

This  is  (Icscrihcd  in  a  fac-simlle  iMtied  hv  r)n. 
Rania  at  Venice  in   iHS,,  as  a  "  |.lanisfc  .,  te  ?cJ/rJ 

z"na!c**:t/>l„r'cnkr'*^'""  "  '"  ""'  "'''""'-'»  '^^ 
IxjIcwcI,  in  his  /:/i'.Ww,  p.  167  refer*  »n  ^  r^,,^ 

290.  who  confirms  -he  .late.  144      .s  Jv.n  Cy  I  dc we  ' 
though  bantarem.  //„/. ,/.  /a  CartoJ:,  iii.  p/xix  ^  it 

aO.  A.  D.  14.8.  The  world  by  Giovanni  I  aardo. 

f,  I  if  ]  T'  ^""^  ^'■°'"  '""•*'  »f  'he  aaincs,  whic!^ 
fill  It;  but  Santarcn,  (,.1.  .5)  gives  it  with  the  .ame^ 
1  he  map  ,s  ai  V.ccnza,  where  it  was  discovered  f  S 
or  fifty  vcars  avu   w  M    1  ,,,..;      ,t  l. . '.  ^ 


kno%  n  to  he  preserved  in  Ma.lrid  in  i  07  his  n„t 
.  ince  hecn  traced.     I.elewel.  CWo,.  ,/„  A&X 


or  fifty  ^ears  ago  by  M.  Lj^^^i;  'H  s^nu;;;^' !/;:::; 

was  ishued  at  Venice  in  i88o  by  Ongania,  with  the 


rtO};raphic,  etc.,  iii 

ed  a" 

date  of  1452. 


—  A.  D.  c.  1450. 

A  fac-simile  of  this  map  preserved  in  the  Miiseo 
Comunale  at  M.intua.  issued  at  Venice  by  Ong"  .ia 
m  1 88 1  describes  it  .is  a  "  I'ortoiano  mcmbranic  . 
di  anonimo  dell'  anno  1450  (circa)."      "''■'"'''*'?-"-''J 


—  A.  D. 

A 

ing 


MSS- 


sea-chart   by  nartolomcus  dc    P.nrcto,    show- 

"Roilb.'"/''  *"""'. ^"  ''"•'""I  f^'^'her  west' named 
Koillo  I  am  not  aware  that  any  copy  of  it  has 
been  published.  Cf.  Winsor's  Biblls.  J  J'lJy's 
C^f^i'-.,  sub  anno  1478.  '^    jmiemys 

21.  A.D.  1460.    The  world  by  Pra  Mauro. 

ted  Marcfina!  ''  ''''""^^'1  ^'  Venice,  in  the  IJibiio- 
It  is  circuhar  and  the  delineation  of  Asia  is  better 
than  on  preceding  maps.     Kohl  s.ays  tl  at  Ma  ro 
knew  the  works  of  the  Italian  and  Arabhu,  ccorr 
raphers,  and  the  marine  charts  of  the    "o  t"S 
which  were  given  to  him  by  Don  Alonzo  V.     ^        ' 
Ur.  Kohl  sp-aks  of  the  most  exact  copy  made  of 
It  by  order  of  Lord  Ilobart  in  1804,  and  of  the  r" 
production  given  by  Vincent  in  cJ™  wAVz^: 
SaUon  of  the  Ancients,  n>)y  and  1807.     He  th  nks  it 
was  finished  in  1460.     It  is  given  by  .Santa  em  ?., 
43-4?)  with  the  dates  ,459  ..^,d  1460^.     Lelewd       ' 
^ff  "•).  l''^<^<=s  "  '457-59.     Riige'in  hisSX 
des  Zc.talters  der  Iintdeckun^ra,°  m^^  gj^es  it  and 
dates  It  1459.     A  j)hotographic  fac-simile    hsicd  at 
Venice  in  1877.  by  Miintter  (Ongania?  ale '     Mcf 
and  St.  Martin  (pi.  vii.  no.  3)  follows  this  facim^le' 


—  A.  i).  1475. 

—  A.  D.  1476. 

A  portolano  of  Andreas  Ileninca.sa,  elven  In  St 

—  A.  n  14S:!. 

r,„Mi''i  'V-'^'TST"''""'  '"  "'e  edition  of  Ptolemv 
pui.ished  at  Ulm.  represents  "  Kngroneland  "  ^s 
Mretcinng  from  northwestern  Europe^  it^s  JX 
the  map  was  made  before  1471.       ^  "'^ 

—  A.  I),  i486. 

What  is  known  .is  the  Laon  glob* ,  thoueh  dated 
149.1,  re,>,cs.nts  rather  the  knowled/  of  &s  i.nc 
cJT''  ''"'-^"'.'i^"  •-'•'*  an  isUnd'o.  the  Norwav 
coast,  an(  has  an  island,  "  Antcla."    l-,vczac  .ive^ 

(7,W/»..  (,S6o  ,  XX.  4,7,  Cf.  also  Davezac  on 
the  I  cs  fantastniues  "  of  the  middle  ages  in  the 
^^'livelles  Annates  des  royages,  1845.  *"  ^ 

22.  A.  D.  1489.    The  Atlantic  Islands  by  Chris- 
tofalo  Soligo. 

,, Jhe  original    is    preserved    among  the   Ecerton 
MSS.  in  tfie  Uritisl,   Museum,  in   a  portola^fo  of 
cifeient  Venetian  map-maker..'    Ther^  is    o   hte 
but  1489  IS  given  in  the  Catalogue  of  the  Museum  as 
the  ai.proximate  date  of  the  collection.  ^ 

r,i>.'^      11'''?  ""=  '^hart  based  on  that  of  I3enincasa 
(46J.  which  he  says  is  in  his  collection,  but  no  co^    • 
Set'    7u    T<'      T-        ^\'"i"'ia"  is  called  "  Y    ,1^ 
Sete  /itadc,    and  is  put  west  of  the  A/ore^    and 

liTs  f;ds"  "'^"  ''^  "'"^'^^^  '-'"'1-  various  faS 


—  A.D.  7467-I471. 

SaS';,^  (p'rS4)r"^^'°^°  ^^"'"-"'  fi!-n  in 

—  A.  D.  1474. 

sen?tn  ro"?  ""^1'^  "'^  Italian  geographer.  Toscanelli, 
sent  to  Columbus,  and  which  influenced  him,  though 


23.  A.  n.  1490.    Portuguese  map  of  the  world. 

treTtke^M^s?'  ''.K''"'Jf'''', '"  ^  -"■"'"  theological 
treatise  (Ms.)  m  the  lintish  Museum,  and  because 

It  marks  the  e.vtent  of  the  I'ortuguos'e  explora  ion 
res  il  s  t  VnV'Tn  '^^P' ''""'  ''"^'^  ""'  "how  t"e 
aS  .  L  H  ''•''  *^'".T''t  '■"^■•'•S'^'  '^"hl  places  .t 
aoout  1490.     lie  says  the  language  of  the  man  it 

S,  s^h?:'^'  T' '"  p-t^ft^-n.andi:::"^„^ 

elusion  IS  n  at  It  IS  the  work  of  an  K.-lian  settled  in 
Lisbon.  The  western  shore  of  Africa  is  give  wi  h 
approximate  correctness,  _  „n,ch  better  than  n Tanv 
earlier  map.  A  long  peninsula  at  the  norti" vcs  o? 
Tuirope,  though  without  name,  seems  to  correspond 
to  what  IS  called  in  other  maps  Greenland         ' 

1  suppose  It  to  be  the  map  given  "for  the  firs^ 
time  "  m  Santarem  (pi.  50).  "' 

—  A.  D.  1492. 

The  Globe  of  Ilehaim,  preserved  at  Nuremberg 

sailiw'of'r'^'  ^T  '^■V»^'<-'>1«^-  '-^t  the  timeTtfe 
sail  ng  of  Columbus,  though  Feschel  {Ze,t„/ters  der 
Lntdeekunsen,  ,858,  p.  90)  allows  Behaim  to  have 


1527.  has  nut 
8  given  in  St. 


I   nmitiorum. 


given  In  St. 
xAxiv.).    A 
p.  26. 
»nd,  und  the 


of  Ptolemy 
neianci "  as 
>('  it  is  said 


otigh  dated 
f  this  time, 
lie  Norway 
I'czac  cives 
'  SodiU  de 
'avczac  on 
iges  in  the 


by  Chris- 

e  Egerton 
rtolano  of 
s  no  date, 
►luseum  as 

Benincasa 
It  no  copy 
J  "  Y.  do 
!ore^,  and 
iuus  fabu- 


leological 
1  because 
ploration 
show  t'  e 
places  .t 
e  map  is 
1  ins  con- 
icttlcfl  in 
ven  with 
m  in  any 
;h\vcst  of 
rrespond 

the  first 


eniberg, 
;  of  the 
Itos  der 
to  have 


THE   KOHI.  COLLECTION   OF   EARLY   MAPS. 


l)ccn  l)iit  a  mediocre  cosmograpbcr.  Reproduction* 
of  it  arc  given  in  .S.intari.ii>  (pi.  61)  and  in  .St.  Mar- 
tin (pi.  ix.j,  and  in  other  nl.ux-N  ni'^ntioncd  in  '.Viii- 
iior's  lUhliog.  <!/■  I'tott-my  ■  OVi'i,'.  »ul)  anno,  i.j7,S. 
Leicwel,  who  given  it  (pi.  x!.),  say  h\  hit  Kfnlo^'iif, 
\,.  1.S4,  that  tl'--  Ilehaini  family  caused  ii  to  he  piit  in 
coo.l  Older  ill  1.S25,  after  it  had  been  long  neglected 
m  the  town  h.ill  at  .Nurcmlierg;  and  that  in  1847  '■>■ 
copy  of  it  was  nude  for  the  Depot  Cjcugraphi(|ue  at 
Paris. 


24.  A.n.  1493. 


Map  in  the  Nuremberg 
Cbroulole. 


This  is  a  sketch  from  the  map  in  Ilartmann 
•Schcdel's  Liber  Chroniairum,  usual  I  v  known  as  the 
"Nuremberg  Chronicle,"  having  been  published  in 
that  city. 

The  map  preserves  the  old  idea  of  the  connection 
of  Africa  and  Asia  enclosing  the  Indian  Sea. 

25.  A.  I).  1497.    VaBoo  da  Oama's  route. 

Dr.  Kohl  includes  this  modern  map,  in  which  Da 
Gama's  r<nite  to  and  from  Iiulia  by  the  Cape  of 
Good  Hope  is  pricked,  to  show  how  near  he  came 
to  the  South  Am  rican  coast,  which  Cabral,  on  a 
simila  oyagc,  diMjover'jd  three  years  later.  The 
route  is  that  established  by  the  studies  of  Diogo 
H  nke  and  Costa  I'aiva. 

—  A.  n.  1497. 

A  carta  nautica  of  Conte  Frediicci,  preserved  at 
Wolfenbuttel,  shows  an  "  isola  de  Ikavil."  Cf.  Le- 
lewel,  ii.  106;  Stiidi  l>io,i^.  e  bihlio};.  dvlla  Soc.  f:^i-o-^'. 
italiana,  ii.  94  ;  Santarem,  in  Bull,  dc  la  iiocghn;.  de 
rat  is,  1847,  i.  p.  312. 


THE    TWO    AMERICAS. 

26,  27.  A  i:.  7500.    Juan  de  la  Cosa. 

These  duplicate  maps  represent  ihe  American 
parts  of  the  La  Cosa  map  now  at  Madrid.  Kohl 
copies  the  representation  of  it  given  in  connection 
with  Humboldt's  essay  appended  to  Chillany's  Riltcr 
Martin  lichaiin.  ( 1853).  Humboldt  had  earlier  given 
the  American  parts  in  his  Exainrn  Critii/iu;  vol.  v. 
(1839),  but  not  very  accuvately.  The  best  reproduc- 
tion of  the  whole  map  is  in  Jomard's  Aflas,  pi.  16, 
.ind  there  are  reductions  from  Jomard  in  .Stevens's 
///r/.  and  Geog.  Notes,  1869,  pi.  i,  and  (with  refer- 
ences) in  the  A'arr.  and  Crit.  Hist,  of  America,  iii. 
p.  8.  Other  reproductions  of  the  American  part 
arc  in  Lelewel's  Atlas,  no.  41,  and  in  De  b  Sagra's 
Cuba.  Cf.  Winsor's  Dibliog.  of  Ptolemy's  Geo:;., 
sub  anno  1508;  the  App.  to'lrv'ing's  Columbus  and 
Enrique  de  Lcguina's  Juan  de  la  Cosa,  Estudio  Bio- 
grdfico,  Madrid,  1877. 

—  AD.  1501-1505. 

A  Portuguese  chart  of  this  date  is  supposed  to 
be  given  in  the  map  of  the  1513  Ptolemy  (see/y.r/, 
no.  32).  Another  in  th.it  preserved  at  Munich,  which 
is  given  bv  Kunstmann  in  his  Atlas,  pi.  iii.,  and  by 
Kohl  in  his  Discimeiy  of  Maine,  p.  174.  A  chart 
resembling  these  two  has  been  found  in  the-  posses- 
sion of  the  Este  family  in  Modena,  on  which  the 
exact  date  of  1502  is  given.  It  is  described,  with  a 
tacr.imile,  in  Harrisse's  Cortereals :  and  is  also  re- 
ferred to  in  his  Caiols,  pp.  143,  158.    The  map  as- 


cribed to  fcJ'o  R»,'nel  Is  also  at  Munich,  and  is 
likew>«(,  given  by  Kuiutmann;  but  there  is  strong 
ground  ■  >r  '  uspectiiig  it  to  be  of  considerably  earlier 
ti.itc,  ji,  ■  .  antcd.iting  Cabot.  Cf.  .efe  c.iccs  in 
WiiMur  a  jj..'  . ...  o/J'toltrnj/'s  Geog.,  sub  anno  1508. 

I'cicr  Martvr  mention*  a  chart  said  to  have  been 
made  for  the  I'ortuguese  by  Vcspucius,  which  is  rot 
now  known,  Santarci  has  pointed  out  that  the 
narrative  of  Corsal  in  Kamusio  shows  tint  charts 
were  often  sent  from  lortugal  during  these  years  to 
the  Portuguese  anib'*.ssador  in  Rome. 

28.  A.  D.  I  c^S.    Ruysoh  in  the  Ptolemy  of 
1908. 

Dr.  Kohl  refers  to  Humboldt's  introduction  to 
Ghillanv  's  Martin  liehaim  ;  Walckenaer's  Reeherehes 
gi'oi;rap/iii/ues  siir  I'/nterieiir  de  VAfrique  seftentriih 
nale,  and  the  Hioijraf'hie  Universclle,  vi.  207. 

There  arc  reproductions  of  the  map  in  Santarem, 
Lelewel,  imuI  in  varifis  other  places  named  in  Win- 
sor'.s  Jiiblioj,'.  vf  Ptolemy's  Geo}^.,  sub  anno  1508.  An 
original  copy  of  the  map  is  in  Harvard  College  li- 
brary. A  section  of  the  northern  part  is  given  in 
\.\\e.  Journal  of  the  Amer.  Geog.  Act/c/)',  vol.  xii.  p.  179. 
Cf.  Stevens's  Pibliotlieea  Geoi;.,  no.  3058.  It  is  thought 
that  Ruysch  used  Columbus's  d.aughts. 

Harrisse,  A'otes  on  Columbus,  p.  56,  thinks  Ruysch's 
map  is  referred  to  by  Johannes  Trithemus  in  a  letter, 
Aug.  12,  1507  (published  in  his  Epistolae  Familiares, 
1536),  in  which  he  complains  that  he  could  not  af- 
forcl  to  purchase  a  map  of  the  new  world  for  forty 
florins. 

—  -   A.  D.  1510-1512. 

The  Lenox  globe,  preserved  in  the  Lenox  library 
in  New  York,  of  which  dr.awing3  are  given  in  the 
Mag.  of  Amer.  Hist.,  Sept.  1S79;  Ency.  Bril.,  x,  681, 
etc. ;  and  jVarr.  and  Crit.  Hist,  of  America,  iii.  p.  2t  " 

—  A.  D.  1511. 

A  carta  nautica  of  Salvat  de  Pilestrina  of  Majorca, 
preserved  in  the  archives  of  the  Ministry  of  War  in 
Munich.  Cf.  Kunstmann,  Die  Entdeckung  Amcrikas, 
p.  I. '9;  Thomas,  Der  Periplus  des  J'ont.' Eux.,  p.  7  ; 
and  Winsor's  Bibliog.  of  Ptolemy's  Geography,  sub 
anno  1508. 

29,30.  A.  D.  1511.    In  Sylvariua'8  Ptolemy 

No.  29  is  the  western  half  of  this  cordiform  map ; 
no.  30  gives  the  whole  map,  with  mi  rrors  cor- 

rected in  pencil  by  Dr.  Kohl. 

The  map  is  given  in  Lelewel  (pi.  xlv),  and  there 
are  vaiious  references  in  Winsor's  Bibliog.  of  Ptole- 
my's Geography,  sub  anno  i^ii.  Kohl's  drawings 
are  taken  from  the  Grenville  copy  on  vellum  In  the 
Uritish  Museum ;  and  he  points  out  how  the  contour 
of  South  Americi  is  the  same  as  that  of  the  Ruysch 
map,  while  Cuba  is  completed  as  an  island,  and 
Greenland  is  restored  to  its  earlier  connection  with 
Europe.     Cf.  Zurla,  Marco  Polo,  ii.  358. 

—  A.n.  1511. 

The  map  lescriK  \  b)  D'/  I'C/ac  in  his  Atlas  hy- 
drographiqne  de  151 1  du  geiiois  Vesc'tte  de  Maggiolo, 
Paris,  1871,  originally  i  ■  Bulletin  de  la  Soc.  Ghg.  de 
Paris,  1870,  p.  404.  The  original  is  in  the  collection 
of  Don  Riccardo  Hercdia  in  Madrid,  having  been 
bought  by  him  at  public  sale  in  Paris  in  1870  for 
i^x>  uancs.    It  is  inscribed  "  Vescoute  de  Maiolo 


lO 


THE   KOHL  COLLECTION   OF  EARLY  MAPS. 


civis  Janue  composuy  in  Neapoles  de  anno  iqu  die 
Jtx  January."  It  shows  America  fron.  Labrador  to 
Cape  St.  Augustine.  Cf.  IJesimoni  in  Gioniale  Li- 
gtisUco,  n.  52 ;  Studi  Biog.  e  Bibliog.  della  Soc.  geoi^.  itiL, 
11.  p.  106,  and  references  to  the  cartographical  work 
of  Maggiolo  (Maiolo)  in  Winsor's  Bibliog.  of  Ptole- 
my s  Ceog.,  sub  anno  1511. 

—  A.D.  151 1. 

Peter  Martyr's  map  of  the  West  India  islands  and 
adjacent  coast  was  published  with  his  first  Decade, 
Legatio  Babylonica,  at  Seville,  and  has  been  repro- 
duced in  various   places.     Cf.  Winsor's  BMio!^'.  of 
Ptolemy's  Geog.,  sub  anno  1513.     Few  copies  of  the 
ongnial  are  known.     Harrisse  is  inclined  to  think 
that  it  does  not  belong  to  Peter  Martyr's  book,  be- 
cause three  copies  in  the  original  vellum,  which  he 
has  examined,  do  not  have  it.     Cf.  Stevens,  Bibl. 
Geog.,  no.  2954.     Brevoort,  Verrazano,  p.  102,  thinks 
Its  publication  may  have  been  offensive  to  the  Span- 
ish government,  which  might  consetiuently  have  sup- 
pressed it.    The  later  editions  of  1516  and  1530  have 
no  map      Brevoort   adds  that  no   official   map   of 
America  ^■as.  printed  \\\  Spain  till  1790.     The  Cabot 
map  of   1544  seems   to  have  been   compiled  from 
Spanish  sources ;  but  it  is  not  known  where  it  was 
published ;  and  that  l)ut  a  single  copy  is  saved  to  us 
may  also  signify  that  it  was  suppressed  by  Sjjanish 
influence.    Tlie  map  of  Medina  in  1545  was  a  mere 
sketch. 


31. 


A.  D.  1 51 2.    Stobnicza. 


A  facsimile  of  the  rare  map  belonging  to  Johannes 
de  Stobnicza's  Jntroductio  in  Cliuidii  Ptli  'lo'hiei  Cos- 
mofirat^hid,  Cracovia,  151 2.  Kohl  used  the  copy  in 
the  Munich  library.  There  are  other  coi)ies  now 
known,  and  for  notes  of  these,  and  other  references, 
see  Winsor's  Hibliog.  of  Ptolcmv's  Grogniphv,  sub 
anno  1512.  There  are  facsimiles  of  the  liiap  in 
whole  or  in  part  in  the  Caito-Bro-.^'u  Catalo^ie,  A'an: 
and  Crit.  Hist,  of  America,  iii.  13;  and  in  Daly's  Ad- 
dress on  Early  Cartography,  p.  32. 

—  A.  D.  1512-14. 

A  sketch  of  the  northern  and  southern  hemi- 
spheres, of  four  gores  each,  in  the  Queen's  collec- 
tion at  Windsor,  and  ascribed  by  R.  II.  Mr  lor,  in  the 
ArchiFologia,  vol.  xl.,  to  Leonardo  da  \'inci,  and 
placed  under  1512-1514.  Wieser,  in  his  Mai^alhdes. 
Strasse,  gives  it  a  modern  hemispherical  projection, 
and  puts  it  in  1515-1516.  It  h.-is  lately  been  asserted 
that  It  is  not  the  work  of  Da  Vinci.  Cf.  J.  1'.  Rich- 
ter's  Da  Vinci. 

32.  A. D.I 513.    In  the  Strasbourg  Edition  of 
Ptolemy. 

This  is  the  "  Tabula  Terre  nove  "  of  tliis  edition, 
and  Kohl  points  out  that  the  names  on  the  Soutli 
American  coast  are  carried  no  farther  west  than  the 
extent  of  the  voyage  of  Hojeda  in  1499,  and  no  far- 
ther south  than  Vcspucius  went  in  1503,  while  the 
connection,  which  is  made  between  the  lunhcrn  and 
.southern  continents,  must  have  been  based  on  reports, 
without  particulars. 

This  map,  supposed  to  have  been  in  some  way 
connected  with  Columbus's  own  charts  is  often  called 
"  the  admiral's  map,"  and  its  connection  with.  Cabra! 
and  Vesp'-  ins  has  also  been  sii|iposed.  The  maker 
of  the  map  w.is  Waldseemiiller  or  Ifylacomylus,  and 
Lelewel  (ii.  143)  gives  reasons  for  bclievin'  that  it 
had  been  engraved  and  sold  as  early  as  1507,  having 


been  made  at  the  expense  of  Duke  Rene  II. ;  but 
he  plate  does  not  seem  to  have  been  used  in  any 
book  till  in  this  1513  edition  of  I'tolemy.  Lelewel 
supposes  It  to  be  in  effect  a  Portuguese  chart  made 
in  1 501-1504,  and  engraves  it  as  such  (pi.  4^)  and  it 
IS  known  that  La  Cosa  complained  of  the  I'ortu. 
guese  frequenting  the  coast  in  x^ox  Facsimiles  of 
the  map  are  given  in  Varnhagen';  Premier  Voyai^e 
de  Vespucct  ;  Stevens's  Hist,  and  Geog  Notes,  pi  2 
and  Narr.  and  Crit.  /list,  of  Amer.,iy.  p.  3 4'/ C'f ' 
the  references  in  Winsor's BMiog of  PtdAnyV Gea-r' 
sub  anno  1513.  -^  -^    "'"^.-i 

Of  the  other  map  in  this  Ptolemy,  "  Orbis  typus 
im.versa  Ks,"  kohl  gives  no  copy  ;  but'a  facsimile  c^n 
be  found  in  Ruge's  GesehelUe  des  Zeitalters  der  Ent- 
deekungen,  Berlin  1881.  It  shows  a  part  of  South 
America,  with  the  i.slands  "Lsabella"  and  "Spa- 
gnolla,  with  a  bit  of  coast  to  the  north  which  seems 
to  represent  the  Cortereal  regions.  Greenland  pro- 
jects from  Luro])e.  ^ 

Cf.  D'Avczac's  Afartin  j7vlacomvliis  Walfzemiiller 
.w  01,7'rages  et  ses  Collabora/enr.^,' Vans,  1S67.  — ex' 
traded  from  the  Anuales  des  Voyages,  1866. 

—  A.  D.  1514. 

A  map  (12  gores  of  a  globe)  found  in  a  copy  of 
thcCosmoi;r<'ph'ae/,,trod,^ctu,,  Lugduni,  and  engraved 
in  a  Catalogne  of  Tross,  the  Paris  booksellerT  iSSi 
Ilarnsse,  in  his  Cabofs,  p.  ,82,  has  ascribed  it  to 
Louis  Boulenger.  Cf.  Winsor's  Bibliog  of  Ptolemy's 
o^^'.f.,  sub  anno  1522.  -^ 

—  A.  D.  1 5 14-1520. 

A  Portuguese  portolano  given  in  Kunstmai.n's  At- 
''"',  •'';,. 'V.'  '"'^'.  I"  -"itevens's  Aotes,  pi.  v.  Cf.  Win- 
sor  s  BMwg  oj  Ptolemy's  Geog,  sub  anno  1522. 

33.  A.  D.  151 5.     Reisch's  Margarita   Philoso- 
phica. 

A  f.-icsimilc  of  the  map  in  this  book,  which  was 
pub  , shed  at  Strasbourg  in  15,5.     Kohl  used  a  cojw 
111  the  library  at  Munich.     The  name  "  Zoanainela  ^• 
IS  gr  :-n  to  North  America,  borrowed.  Kohl  thinks, 
ion.  uie  Paew  no7<amente  retrm-ati  (lib.  iv.),  where  it 
s  said  ColumDus  discovered  a  country  of  this  name. 
Loth  Cuba  and  Santo  Domingo  are  called  "Isabel- 
la       South  America  is  called  "Paria  sen  Prisilia  " 
the  map  resembles   the   "Terre  Nove"  of  the 
1513  Itoemv.      The   Ptolemy  map  is  bounded  on 
the  west  by  the  edge  of  the  sheet,  which  cuts  at  the 

tTV  if  i'  '"■"  *\xJ-''"'''^  °^  longitudes  is  placed  in 
the  Keisch  in.ap.  West  of  this  scale  is  "Zip.igiu 
insula,  which  is  thus  put  relative  to  the  new  lamls 
in  the  same  j^osition  as  in  the  Stobnicza  map.  The 
river  with  three  mouths,  running  into  the  gulf,  which 
s  in  tlie  Ptoleiny  map  (thought  by  some  to  represent 
the  Ganges  ,  is  left  out  by  Reisch.  Others,  like 
Varnhagen,  have  considered  this  gulf  that  of  Mexico, 
and  the  river  the  Mississippi. 

Theie  is  a  facsimile  of  Reisch's  map  in  Stevens's 
IBst  and  Geog  Aotes.  pi.  4.  Cf.  Winsor's  Bibliog  of 
Ptolemy's  Geog., -iwh  Awnoi'^XT^.  •*    ■' 

_  The  first  edition  of  Reisch  appeared  at  Frcibourc 
m  1503.  In  the  next  year  (1504)  there  were  two 
editions    one   Schott,   the   other  Griininger,  which 


is   priced   bv  Lcclerc  {Amcricana,~'nZ2lf^{]  aCz^ 
has  a  maiipemonde,  with  no  oilier  indi 


francs,  and 

cation  of  Americi  {Iku,  the  inscription  near  the 
African  coast :  "  II,c  non  terra  sed  mare  est  in  quo 
mirx  m.agiiitudims  insnl.t;  sed  I'tolenu-co  fucrunt  in- 

150S,  with  the  same  map,  which  he  called  "the  only 


THE   KOHL  COLLECTION   OF  EARLY  MAPS. 


ri 


Rene  IL ;  but 
in  used  in  any 
t-my.  Lelewel 
sc  chart  made 
(pi.  43)  and  it 
of  the  I'ortu- 
Facsimiles  of 
'remier  I'oyairt 
'{.  A'otes,  pi.  2, 
iv.  p.  3-4-  Cf. 
^toleviys  Geog., 

"  Orbir,  typus 
I  facsimile  can 
t/firs  der  Eitt- 
lart  of  South 
"  and  "Spa- 
1  which  seems 
reenland  pro- 

WiillzeniiiUer, 
s,  1S67,  — ex- 
866. 


I  in  a  copy  of 
and  engraved 
ksellcr,  i88i. 
scribed  it  to 
of  Ptolemy' s 


stmai.n's  At- 
V.     Cf.  Win- 

0  1522. 

1  Philoso- 


:,  which  was 
used  a  copy 
Zoanamela 
Colli  tliinks, 
v.),  where  it 
if  this  name, 
led  "  Isabel- 
u  Prisilia." 
ve  "  of  the 
bounded  on 
cuts  at  the 
is  placed  in 
is  "Zipagiu 
e  new  lands 
map.     The 
gulf,  which 
o  represent 
)thcrs,  like 
of  Mexico, 

n  Stevens's 
j  Bihliog.  of 

:  Frcibourg 
•■  were  two 
iger,  which 
(65)  at  200 
other  indi- 
>  near  the 
est  in  quo 
fuerunt  in- 
ropy  dated 
.  "  the  only 


known  copy  in  which  the  map  is  to  be  found."  The 
edition  of  1515  had  the  map  above  noticed.  (Har- 
risse,  Dii.  Am.  Vet.  no.  82  ;  Additions,  no.  45,  noting 
copy  in  the  Imperial  library  at  Vienna.)  That  of 
1517  (Basle)  has  a  woodcut  map  which  is  still  differ- 
ent. (Bcckford  Catalogue,  iii.  no.  1256.)  Not  till 
153s  did  any  edition  have  any  reference  in  the  te.\t 
to  America.  Bib.  Am.  Vet.  no.  208.  The  latest 
edition  was  in  1583,  which  was  published  at  Basle. 
It  has  a  map  of  the  world  showing  America. 
(Leclerc,  no.  2926.)  It  is  priced  at  25  marks 
and  £,T. 

—  A.  D.  I519. 

Portolanoby  Maiollo  figured  in  Kunstmann's  Atlas 
(pi.  v.),  in  Santarem,  and  in  Thomas's  Dcr  Periplus 
des  Pont.  Eiix.  It  shows  the  Atlantic  coast  and  the 
line  of  demarcation.  Cf.  Sliidi  I'iog.  e  'log.  dclla 
Soc.  geog.  ital.  ii.  p.  109;  Atti  Soc.  ligiire,  7,  p.  92; 
Kohl,  Die  beidcn  GcncrallMrtcn  30,  146;  Dcsimoni 
in  Giornale  ligustico,  ii.  p.  54. 

Enciso,  in  the  dedication  of  his  Siima  de  Gcogra- 
fhia,  Seviila,  1519,  mentions  a  map  which  he  had 
made  to  elucidate  his  text  for  Charles  I.  (Charles 
v.,  later) ;  but  it  is  not  now  known. 

34.  A.  D.  1520.    The  Frankfort  Globe. 

Only  the  American  parts,  with  Japan,  (Zipangu) 
are  given  of  a  globe  preserved  at  Frankfort-on-the- 
Main. 

Kohl  conjectures  the  date  to  be  1520  because  of 
its  correspondence  with  a  globe  of  that  dale  made 
by  Schciner,  and  he  suspects  this  may  also  be  the 
work  of  that  globe-maker,  while  Wiescr,  in  his 
Magalhius-Strasse  [\>.  19),  where  an  engraving  of  it 
is  given,  declares  it  to  be  the  globe  made  to  accom- 
pany Schoner's  Litadentissima  qiiadam  Terra  totiiis 
Descriptio,  printed  in  1515,  and  of  which  two  copies 
are  now  known.  This  at  Frankfort,  of  which  Jo- 
mard  (pi.  15)  gives  a  drawing,  and  another  at  Wei- 
mar. Cf.  references  in  Winsor's  Bibliog.  of  Ptolemy' s 
Ceog.,  sub  anno  1522. 

35.  A.  D.  1520.    Schouer's  Globe. 

Only  the  American  portion  is  given,  but  without 
comments.  The  globe  is  jireserved  at  Nuremberg, 
and  there  are  representations  of  it  given  in  Kohl's 
Geseliie/ite  der  Eiitdee.ktiugsreiscn  zitr  Alagetlan's- 
Strasse,  Berlin,  1877,  p.  8 ;  in  Harper's  AAigazine, 
Dec.  18S2,  p.  731  ;  in  Ghillany's  Martin  Behaivt, 
Santarem,  Lelewel,  Wieser,  etc.  Cf.  references  in 
Winsor's  Bibliog.  if  Ptolemy's  Geog.,  sub  anno  1522. 

36.  A.  D.  1520.   In  Camera's  Edition  of  Solinua. 

This  cordiform  map  is  by  I'etrus  Apianus  (or 
Bienewitz,  as  he  was  called  in  his  vernacular),  ap- 
peared in  the  Polyhistoria  of  Solinus,  edited  by 
the  Italian  monk,  Camcis,  and  also  in  1522  in  the 
De  Orbis  Situ  of  I'omponius  Mela,  published  by 
Vadianus. 

There  are  facsimiles  of  this  map  in  the  Carter- 
Brown  Catalogue,  and  in  Santarem's  Atlas. 

Cf.  references  in  Winsor's  Bibliog.  of  Ptolemy's 
Geography,  sub  anno,  1522. 

37.  A.  n.  1522.    in  the  Ptoiemy  of  1522. 

The  map  "  Orbis  Typus  Universalis,"  signed  "  L. 
F.,"  showing  part  of  .South  America  and  Cuba,  the 
whole  of  "  SpagnoUo,"  and  no  other  part  of  Amer- 
ica; "Islandia"  (Iceland)  being  placed  off  the  point 


of  Norway,  and  '■  Gronland"  being  shown  as  a  pro- 
jection of  Europe.  The  name  America  is  on  South 
America.  Cf.  Winsor's  Bibliog.  of  Ptolemy's  Geog., 
sub  anno  1522.  This  map  of  Laurentius  Frisius 
was  repeated  without  change  of  date  in  the  Ptolemy 
of  1525,  and  again  in  that  of  15^5. 

Kohl  does  not  include  in  this  collection  another 
map  of  this  1522  Ptolemy,  called  "Tabula  terre 
novo,''  which  is  a  re-engr:'ving  of  the  map  numbered 
32,  ante.  Also  repeated  in  the  1525  and  1535 
editions. 

—  A.  D.   1524. 

Two  small  majis  in  Apian's  Cosmographicus  liber, 
published  at  Landshut.  Cf.  Harrisse,  Bibl.  Am. 
Vet.  no.  127,  and  Additions,  p.  87.  The  edition  of 
1529  (B,  A.  V  no.  148)  has  annotations  by  Gemma 
Frisius,  a  jiupil  of  Apian  ;  and  in  the  same  year  his 
Co.'jiiographia:  introdiietio  (1529)  is  an  abridgment 
of  I  ■  large  work  (B.  A.  V.  no.  149).  The  Ant- 
werp edition  (1528)  of  the  Cosmog.  liber  has  no  map. 
There  were  other  editions  at  Venice  in  1533,  and  at 
Antwerp  in  1534.  {B.  A.  V.  nos.  148,  and  Addi- 
tions, nos.  88,  100,  106.)  Cf.  Winsor's  Bibliog.  of 
Ptolemy,  sub  anno  1540;  and  Harrisse,  A'otes  on 
Columh;s,  p.  174. 

The  Premontre  globe  of  about  this  date.  Cf. 
Winsor's  Bibliog.  of  Ptolemy,  sub  anno  1540. 

—  A.  D.  1525. 

Harrisse,  Bib.  Am.  Vet.  no.  133,  cites  the  Yslegung 
der  Mer-Carthen  or  Cartha  Marina,  and  ascribes  it 
to  Laurentius  Frisius.  It  has  two  large  maps. 
Kohl  gives  a  portion  of  the  northeast  coast  of 
America  (later  to  be  mentioned).  The  1530  ed., 
Underweidung  und  Atislegung  der  Cartha  Marina, 
published  at  Strasburg  (iff.  A.  V.  no.  158),  has  no 
maps. 

—  A.  D.  1526. 

A  map  by  the  Monk  Franciscus,  figured  in  Lele- 
wel, pi.  46,  showing  North  America  as  a  part  of 
Asia.  The  original  is  called  "Hoc  orbis  hemisphae- 
rum  cedit  regi  llispanias."  It  appeared  in  the  De 
orbis  situ  ac  descriptione  Francisei  epistola.  Cf.  Har- 
risse, Bib.  Amer.  Vet.  no.  131,  where  it  is  put  under 
1524. 

38.  A.  D.  1527.    The  so-called  Hernando  Colon 

map. 

The  original  (on  parchment)  is  anonjinous,  and 
in  the  Gr.iiul-Ducal  library  at  Weimar,  and  is  dated 
at  Seville  in  1527.  During  the  si.xteenth  and  seven- 
teenth centuries  it  h.ad  been  kept  in  Nuremberg. 
Kohl,  as  has  been  the  custom,  assigns  it  to  Ferdi- 
nand Columbus,  but  Harrisse  dismisses  his  and 
other  claims,  and  is  inclined  to  ascribe  it  to  Nuno 
Garcia  de  Toreno.  Cf.  Winsor's  Bibliog.  of  Ptolemy's 
Geog.,  i,wh  3.\\no  1540,  for  references.  It  shows  the 
line  of  demarcation,  as  established  between  Spain 
and  Portugal,  or  rather  the  Spanish  view  regarding 
that  vexed  question.  Kohl  later  published  a  fac- 
simile of  the  American  parts  of  this  map  in  his  Die 
beiden  dltesten  Gencralkarten  von  Amerika,  Weimar, 
i860. 

39.  A.  D.  1527.    Robert  Thome's  map. 

Thi.?  map  was  made  by  an  English  merchant, 
living  in  Seville,  who  sent  it  to  England,  where  it 
was  published  by  Ilakluyt   in  his  Divers  Voyages 


i 


12 


THE   KOHL  COLLECTION   OF  EARLY  MAPS. 


in  1382,  and  is  reproduced  in  the  Ilakluyt  Society's 
edition  of  that  jjook;  and  for  the  American  portion 
m  the  Nar  aud  Cm.  Hist,  of  America,  iii.  17,  and  in 
Brown  s  Cape  Breton,  p.  22,  Thorne  professes  to 
have  discovered  the  secrets  "  of  the  licensed  map- 
makers  of  Spam.  ^ 
Cf.  Winsor's  Bibliog.  0/ Ptolemy,  sub  anno  1540. 

—  A.  D.  1527. 

A  map  by  Maiollo,  preserved  in  the  Biblioteca 
Ambrosiana  at  Milan,  which  is  in  part  figured  in 
Desimoni  s  Giovanni  Verrazzano,  3d  app.,  Genoa, 
1882;  and  in  the  ATarr.  ami  Crit.  Hist.  0/ America, 
vol.  IV.  Cf.  Winsor's  Bibliog.  of  Ptolemy's  Geotr! 
o"  _?"?°  1540.  The  date  has  been  altered  to  1587! 
iitudt  biog.  e  bibUog.  delta  soc.  geog.  ital.,  1882,  ii.  pp. 
"3>  IS4' 

—  A.  D.  1527. 

The  Studi  biog.  e  bibliog.  della  soc.  geog  ital.  ii  p 
113  and  ^/// J,,,,  ligure  1867,  p.  174,  refer  to  a  map 
of  Baptista  Agnese  of  this  date  in  the  British  Mu- 
seum; but  the  date  is  earlier  than  is  usually  assicned 
to  this  cartographer.  Cf .  Winsor's  Bibliog  of  Ptolemy's 
Of(^5'.,  sub  anno  1540.  -^ 

The  Sttidi,  etc.,  ii.  p.  ,14,  also  cites  a  carta 
nautica  of  about  1527,  preserved  in  the  Biblioteca 
Laurenziana,  at  Florence,  which  shows  the  east 
coast  from  Labrador  to  the  Straits  of  Magellan 


40.  A.  D.  1528.    The  world  by  Coppo. 

The  original  belongs  to  a  rare  book  called  :  Pc 
tolaiw  delli  Lochi  maritimi  ed  isole  de  Mar  .  .  con 
fosto  per  Piero  Coppo,  Venctia,  1528,  of  which  there 
IS  a  copy  in  the  Grenville  Collection,  British  Mu- 
seum. Ihe  representation,  which  fills  two  pages  of 
the  book,  IS  different  from  any  other.  Amenca  is 
represented  by  a  large  group  of  islands,  of  which 

Mondo  Novo"  (South  America)  is  the  most  exten- 
sive. Cf.  Zurla,  Pra  Mauro,  p.  9,  and  his  Marco 
^^'^^^\K?^^:'  ^f="'"«se,  Bib.  Am.  Vet.,  no.  144. 
The  Kohl  MS.  in  the  Amer.  Antiq.  Soc.  has  another 
drawmg  of  the  map,  and  it  is  sketched  in  the  Narr. 
and^  Crit.  Ilist.  of  America. 

Coppo  refers  to  Columlins  in  a  passage  quoted  by 
Harrisse  AW.,  on  Columlus,  p.  56,  from  a  citation 
m  Morelh's  Operette,  i.  309. 

—  A.  D.  1528.     (See  no.  48.) 

The  map  of  the  world  in  Bordone's  Lihro,  later 
known  as  the  Isolario.  It  is  sketched  in  H.  II.  V.t^x\- 
crofts  Central  America,  i.  144.  Lclcwel  (pi.  46) 
dates  It  1521,  since  all  the  maps  in  the  book  are  sup- 
posed to  have  been  made  then  or  earlier  It  w.ns 
reissued  in  1533.  C^f-  references  in  Winsor's  Biblio". 
of  Ptolemy's  Geog.,  sub  anno  1540. 

41,  42.    A.  D.  1529.    Ribero'fl  map. 

These  copies  give  only  the  American  parts  of  this 
I^^P/^^'^V- "'i''^'^  ^°'^'  in  these  drawings  copied 
the  draft  of  it  by  Giisscfeldt.  which  was  g"ven  in  a 
monograph  by  M  C.  Sprengcl,  Obcr  K'ibero's  dlteste 
Welt-karte,  published  in  1795,  which  followed  a  cony 
at  Jena,  and  which  Kohl  s.iys  he-  follows  in  lieu  of 
something  better.  In  iSfra,  Kohl  reproduced  the 
Weimar  f.ngjnal  in  his  Di^  h>-idc=;  altesfen  Gc,:cral- 
Aartcn  von  America.  The  entire  map  is  given  in 
.Santarem;  m  Lelcwel,  and  in  Riige's  Geschichte  dcs 
Zettalters  der  Lntdechm^qcn  ( 1S83).  There  is  another 
early  copy  m  the  Archivio  del  Collegio  di  Propa- 


ganda at   Rome.     Cf.   the  references   in  Winsor's 
B.blwg  of  Ptolemy's  Geog.,^^xh  anno   1540,  and  the 
B..ll.de  la  Soc.  de  Geog  de  Paris  (.847),^  p.  309. 
.K-   f    Tm^    ^o    "le    Newfoundland    region,    Kohl 
hinks  Kibero  may  have  seen  and  used  a  map  of 

efer",  fn'rh™?'^'  '".  '5^6  by  a  Frenchman.  This 
refers  to  Charlevoix's  statement  of  a  map  made  by 
Jehar.  Denys;  but  Harrisse,  Cabots,  p.'^aso,  prc^ 
nounces  it  "absolument  apocryphe."  A  facsimik 
of  an  undated  map  of  the  Riberotype  was  pubHshed 
h.  1877!'''''"'  ^°^""'"'="'  '"  the  Cartas  de  Indias 
^^t.t^'^'^?y'  Plf."'sph.ere  in  the  possession  of  the 

AtHnH."  ^""'/'^  'u"\''i  '^^^"'"^  ^''"^s  tl'e  Whole 
Atlantic  coast  of  both  Americas,  and  on  the  Labra- 
dor coast  has  this  legend:  "  Tierra  que  descobrio 
l^stevan  Gomez  este  atio  de  1525  por  mandado  de 
su  m.n jestad."  Cf.  Studi  biog  e  biblilg  della  Soc  Jg. 
tal  n.  no.  412  ;  Portioli,  Cartee  memorie geograAiche 
tn  Mantova  ( 1875),  P-  24.  &<:ograpnicne 

—  A.  D.  1529. 

A  planisphere  of  Ilieronimus  Verrazzano  in  the 
Museo  Borgiano  at  Rome,  which  has  been  given  in 
whole  or  in  part  in  tlie  monographs  on  Verrazano  by 
/•  C-  Brevoort,  II  C.  Murphy,  and  B.  F.  De  Costa. 
(  f.  Winsor  s  B,blwg  of  Ptolemy's  Geog,  sub  anno 
1540,  and  Stiidt  biog  e  bibliog.  della  Soc.  geog.  ital. 

This  same,  .$•/«(//•,  etc.,  ii.  p.  116,  quotes  a  carta 
nautica  of  this  d.ite  (1529)  as  being  In  the  British 
Museum,  aud  ascribed  to  Baptista  Agn«se. 

43,  44.    A.  n.  1530.    In  the  Sloane  Mss.,  Brit 
Museum. 

The  original  is  attached  to  a  manuscript  De  Mn- 
cj'us  astronon^:,  and  jjlaced  by  its  Catalogile  at 
about  1530.  There  is  no  date  on  the  map,  but  the 
inscription  on  the  coast  above  Florida  is:  "Terra 
l-ranciscana  nujjer  lustrata,"  which  .nay  refer  to 
Verrazano  or  Cartier;  if  to  Cartier  the  elate  would 
be  I  536  or  later  North  America  is  a  continuation 
of  Asia  eastward.  South  America  is  cut  off  by  the 
bottom  of  the  map  at  40O;  but  an  inscription  at  that 
point  says  :  "  I  lie  ultra  55  g  extendit."  'fhe  map  is 
\ery  like  the  cordiform  map  of  Orontius  F-inseus  re- 
duced to  a  plane.  It  is  also  in  Kohl's  MS.  in  the 
Amer.  Antiq.  Society's  library. 

45.  A.  D.  1530.    Diego  r"omem. 

The  original,  among  Lord  Lumley's  (d.  1600) 
maijs  in  the  British  Museum,  is  noteworthy  from  the 
west  coast  of  the  two  Americas  having  no  defined  or 
supposable  limit,  the  green  color  of  the  Continent 
simply  fading  away.  The  eastern  coast  is  of  the 
Ribero  type  The  only  names  are  "  Timististan  " 
(Mexico)  and  "Mundus  Novus "  (South  America). 

46.  A.  D.  i53t.    The  world  by  Fin^ua. 

The  original  is  an  engraved  map  in  the  Paris 
(1532)  edition  of  the  Nmnts  Orbis,  usually  ascribed 
to  GryiiKus.  This  map,  of  which  the  title  is  "  Nova 
et  Integra  universi  orbis  descriptio,"  is  of  a  double 
cordiform  projection,  divided  at  the  equator.  The 
author  of  It  is  Orontius  Fiiuxus,  or  Oronce  Fine, 
who  dates  it  July,  1 531,  in  a  dedication  to  Christina 
UclUcI,  who  bore  tiie  expense  of  its  production, 
urtclius  III  Ins  list  mentions  this  map  as  "Orbis  ter- 
rarum  tyjius,  sub  forma  cordis  huniani."  This  edi- 
tion of  the  A'm'us  Orli;  iias  sometimes  another  map : 
but  this  IS  the  proj.tr  (-ae.    Cf.  Bib.  Am,  Vet.,  nos. 


THE   KOHL  COLLECTION   OF   EARLY   MAPS. 


13 


172,  173;  and  references  in  Winsor's  Bibliog.  of 
Ftolemy,  sub  anno  1 540.  The  same  map  is  in  the 
1540  edition  of  I'omponius  Melu.  Cf.  Bib.  Am.  Vet. 
Additions,  no.  127. 

—  A.  D.  1532. 

The  map  by  Miinster  in  the  Dasle  edition  of  the 
NiTvus  Orliis,  of  which  there  are  facsimile!-  in  the 
Narr.  and  Crit.  Hist,  of  America,  iii.,  and  in  Stevens's 
Notes,  pi.  IV.  no.  4.  It  was  .repeated  in  the  1537 
and  1555  editions  of  the  Nrn'tis  Orliis.  Cf.  Winsor's 
Bililiog.  of  Ptolemy  s  Geog.,  sub  unno  1 540. 

A  inappcmode  by  liartolomeo  Olives,  with  other 
maps  of  Central  and  South  America,  contained  in  an 
Atlas  in  the  Royal  University  Library  at  Pisa.  Cf. 
Studi  biog.  e  bibliog.  delta  Soc.  geog.  italiana,  ii.  no.  414. 

47.  A.  D.  1534.    America. 

An  engraved  map  published  in  Venice  Dec.  iS34i 
with  the  title,  La  Carta  tinivcrsale  delta  terra  ferma 
td  isole  dclle  Indie  occidentali.  It  purports  to  be 
compiled  from  two  marine  charts,  made  in  Seville 
by  pilots  of  the  Emperor.  Kohl  thinks  the  author 
drew  from  the  charts  of  the  Spanish  h>-drographi'  al 
bureau  as  Ribcro  did,  whose  map  it  rescnibics. 
Kohl  errs  in  saying  that  the  Burmudas  appear  here 
for  the  first  time  on  an  engraved  map,  since  they 
appeared  in  151 1  in  the  engraved  Peter  Martyr  map. 
The  coast  from  Paria  to  New  England  is  called 
"  Indie  occidentali  ;  "  South  America  is  called 
"MondoNuovo  —  Terra  Ferma."  A  large  part  of 
the  western  coast  of  South  America  (Chili  and 
Peru)  is  left  blank.  The  western  coast  of  North 
America  above  Central  America  is  omitted.  The 
only  known  copy  of  this  map  is  in  the  Lenox  Library ; 
it  is  reproduced  in  Stevens's  Notes.  Cf.  full  refer- 
ences in  Winsor's  Bibliog.  of  Ptolemy's  Geog.,  sub 
anno  1540. 

48.  A.  D.  1 534.    The  world  by  Bordone. 

An  engraved  map  on  an  elliptical  projection  in  the 
Isolario  de  Benedetto  Bordone,  published  in  IS34' 
What  seems  to  stand  for  the  Gulf  of  Mexico  is 
bounded  on  the  north  by  a  projecting  "  terra  del 
laboratore,"  and  on  the  south  by  a  larger  peninsula, 
called  "  Monde  Novo."     (Sec  sub  no.  40.) 

—  A.  D.  1534. 

A  map  of  the  Ribero  type  in  the  Ducal  library  at 
Wolfenbiittel.     Cf.  Harrisse's  Cabots,  p.  185. 

Santarem,  Bidl.  de  la  Soc.  de  Geog.,  vii.  322,  refers 
to  a  globe  at  Weimar  of  this  date. 

49.  A.  D.  1534.    The  world. 

An  engraved  map  of  an  elliptical  projection,  in- 
scribed :  "Tiguri  Anno  M.D.XXXIIII."  It  re- 
sembles the  map  in  the  I5asle,  1532,  edition  of  the 
Nozms  Orbis,  but  omits  the  islands  on  the  eastern 
coast  of  America.    Kohl  does  not  trace  its  origin. 

50.  A.  D.  1535.    The  world  in  the  Ptolemy  of 

1535. 

It  gives  of  America  only  the  northeast  corner  of 
South  America  and  the  eastern  coast  of  what  is 
apparently  Newfoundland  or  Labrador  It  is  called 
"  Tabula  Nova  Orbis,"  and  was  repeated  in  the 
Lyons  edition  of  1541.  "Gronlanda"  is  made  a 
long  narrow  prt)montory  stretching  southwest  from 
the  northwestern  extremity  of  Europe. 


51.  A.  n.  1536  (?).    The  world. 

The  original  is  an  undated  MS.  in  the  Bodleian 
Library,  of  an  elliptical  projeclitm.  The  dotted  line 
given  for  the  Chili  coast,  and  the  indications  of 
Pizarro's  conquest  of  Southern  Peru,  induce  Kohl 
to  place  it  between  153d  and  1536.  It  resembles 
the  delineation  in  the  American  parts  of  the  maps 
of  Uaptista  Agncse  of  about  this  date. 

A  similar  outline  is  given  in  the  Turin  Atlas 
(1530-1  i;4c),  of  which  Wuttke  gives  an  outline  in 
the  Jahresbericht  des  Vereins  fiir  Erdkimde  in  Dres- 
den, 1870.  Still  another  of  a  like  contour  is  given 
in  colored  facsimile  by  Peschel  in  the  Jahresbericht 
des  Verein:  fiir  Erdkunde  in  Leipzig,  187 1. 

52.  A.  D.  1536.   The  world  by  Baptista  Agnese. 

The  original  is  a  manuscript  map  of  an  elliptical 
projection  preserved  in  the  British  Museum,  marked : 
"Bapt.  Agnese  Venetiis,  1536."  The  western  and 
northern  coasts  of  North  America  arc  vaguely  drawn 
by  a  dotted  line,  and  so  is  the  coast  of  C'mH.  A 
course  from  Spain  to  the  Isthmus,  and  so  down  the 
South  American  coast  to  Peru,  is  represented  by  a 
pricked  line,  as  is  also  the  route  of  Magellan's  ship 
round  the  world.  The  La  Plata  river  is  developed 
with  branches. 

Cf.  Winsor's  Bibliog.  of  Ptolemy's  Geog.,  sub  anno 
1540,  for  references.  A  sketch  of  the  map  is  given 
in  the  Narr.  and  Crit.  Hist,  of  America,  iv.  p.  40. 

—  A.  D.  1536. 

An  anonymous  atlas  of  eleven  charts,  showing  in 
one  North  America  and  the  Moluccas,  and  in  another 
South  America  and  Africa,  has  been  recently  dis- 
covered in  Padua ;  and  is  now  in  Venice.  Cf.  Studi 
biog.  e  biblioi^.  delta  Soc.  geog.  ital.  ii.  p.  1 20. 

An  anonymous  atlas  of  twelve  charts  in  the  pos- 
session of  Nicolo  Barazzi  in  Venice,  of  which  no.  3 
is  the  P.icific  and  the  coast  of  America;  no.  4  is 
America;  and  no.  12  the  world.  It  lormerly  be- 
longed to  the  Erizzo  family  in  Venice.  Cf.  Studi, 
etc.,  ii.  p.  128. 

—  A.  D.  1538. 

A  heart-shaped  map  of  Mercator,  of  which  the 
only  copy  known  belongs  to  Mr.  J.  Carson  Brevoort 
of  Brooklyn.  Cf.  Bull,  of  the  Amer.  Geog.  Soc.  1878, 
p.  196. 

—  A.  D.  1539. 

This  date  is  assigned  to  .an  atlas  commonly  cited 
as  the  Atlas  de  P/iilip/'e  II.,  didi^  h  Charles  Quint, 
but  which  is  more  correctly  defined  in  the  title  given 
to  a  photographic  reproduction,  Portulano  de  Charles 
Quint  donnS  i\  Philippe  II.  accompagne  cPune  notice 
par  yl/J/.  F.  .Spitzcr  et  Ch.  Wiener,  Paris,  1875.  Major 
is  inclined  to  believe  it  the  work  of  Baptista  Agnese. 
A  copy  of  this  facsimile  is  in  Harvard  College  Li- 
brary. Malte-Brun  describes  the  map  in  the  Bull, 
de  la  Soc.  Gc'og.  de  Paris,  1876,  p.  625.  Cf.  Winsor's 
Bibliog.  of  Ptolemy's  Geog.,  sub  anno  1540. 

Plate  Iv.  shows  the  two  Americas,  and  is  of  the 
Agnese  type.  Plate  XIII.  shows  the  eastern  coast 
of  Nortli  America  of  the  Ribcro  type,  and  the  whole 
of  South  America,  with  the  coast  of  Chili,  is  left 
out.  Plate  XIV.  shows  North  America,  with  the 
west  coast  drawn  up  to  California,  but  parts  of  the 
east  and  west  coast  of  South  America  are  left  out. 


H 


THE   KOHL  COLLECTION  OF  EARLY  MAPS. 


—  A.  D.  1540. 

The  "  typus  universalis  "  of  Miinster  in  the  Ptoleinv 
of  this  date.  Cf.  VVinsor's  liibiio^.  of  PtoUmy'^ 
Oiog.,  sub  anno  1 540. 

—  A.  D.  1540.    The  Dew  world  by  MUnster. 

See  no.  58.  The  sa.iie  plate  was  often  used  dur- 
ing this  century,  particularly  in  Miinster's  publica- 
tions; with  the  names  of  the  countries  inserted  in 
the  block  in  tliiferent  type,  sometimes  in  Gcrmar, 
sometimes  m  Latin.  Cf.Winsor's  Biblioir.  ofPlolem/s 
Geof:  sub  anno  1540.  There  is  a  reduced  facsimile 
of  this  map  m  the  Narr,  and  Crit.  Hiit.  cf  America, 
vol.  IV.  p.  41.  "^  ' 

—  A.  D.  1540. 

The  Antwerp  edition  of  Apian's  Cosmos'raphia  has 
a  map  reproduced  in  Lelewel's  Mown  dn-,  pi.  46. 

,;:«  ,V^''u'?  *''.'•'. '544  (I'rcnch),  1545  (Latin),  and 
1548  (Spanish)  editions. 

53,  54.    A.   D.   1 541.     The  new  world  in  the 
Ptolemy  of  1541. 

Similar  to  the  maps  in  the  editions  of  1511  and 
15 13;  but  on  a  large  scale,  except  that  "  Parias  "a 
name  given  by  Columbus  to  the  northern  coast  of 
South  America  is  here  transferred  to  what  is  shown 
of  North  America. 

No.  54  is  a  less  perfect  copy. 

—  A.  D.  1541. 

Engraved  gores  of  a  mappemode  by  Mcrcator. 
Cf  Winsor's  DMwg.  of  PMcmy's  Gcog.,  sub  anno 
•S4''»  witn  references. 

55.  A.  D.  1542.    America  by  Rotz. 

"  7}""  p"?'"?'-  '?  "\  '"^  ^^'^-  '"  "^'^  ""ti^'^  Museum, 
John  Kotz  his  book  of  Hydrography."  It  shows 
the  eastern  parts  of  North  America  and  all  of  South 
America  (making  an  island  of  the  eastern  i)arts  of 
iirazil)  on  a  hemispherical  projection.  It  shows  a 
number  of  fabulous  islands  in  the  North  Atlantic 
An  outward  curve  in  the  coast  of  Chili  was  coiiied' 
in  many  later  maps.  Cf.  Winsor's  B,Wo>r.  of 
Ptolemy  s  G,og.,  sub  anno  1 548,  for  references. 

~  A.  D.  1542. 

The  Ulpius  globe.  Cf.  Winsor's  Bihlio^.  of 
Jtolemyi  G^ir.,  sub  annis  1540  and  i  C4S,  for  refer- 
ence ;  and  also  IN.i,  for  the  "  Mappcmonde  Har- 
levenne,    as  Ilarrisse  calls  it,  in  the  liritish  Museum. 

Ihe  map  in  Hunter's  Rudimcuta  Cosmoirrafi/iiai 
—  much  behind  the  time  — and  repe.-'.cd 'in  i  C46 
and  in  other  editions  till  1561,  when  a  better  shape 
for  America  was  adoiJted.  A  fac-simile  is  given  of 
the  1542  map  in  Stevens's  X<'Us.  It  resembles  the 
map  given  in  Jomard,  ,,1.  xviii.,  as  "sur  unc  Cas- 
sette de  a  Collection  Trivulci  dite  Cassettina  all' 
Agemina.' 

56.  A.  D.  1543.    America  by  Baptista  Agnese. 

r^t^l^  original  is  a  manuscriiJt  map  in  the  Collection 
of  the  Duke  of  Gotha,  signed,  "  Bajnisla  Agnese 
fecit  Venetiis  1543  die  18  Februarii."  It  shows  the 
eastern  coast  from  Labrador  to  the  Straits  of  M.i- 
gcllan  ;  and  the  western  coast,  stopping  just  north 
ot  the  same  Straits,  is  renewed  at  Southern  Peru 
and  extends  to  the  upper  verge  of  Central  America! 


Ls^tM  ''%;''"'e«"  Ay  Ion  on  the  Carolina 
coast      It  IS   pai  ly  reproduced  in  Kohl's  Discovery 

L/Tf'  •^'^-  ^'''  ^'"'''  '''"■'''■  '  ^''''•^'X-  "'«-''^"  soc. 
Y,^-  ''"'■'  ''•  P-  '34.  notes  an  atlas  hvdrographitme 

showing  the  world  and  America)  alsci  in  The  H  "1 
l.bnary  at  Gotha  There  are  various  other  Agnese 
maps  of  about  this  date.     One,  dated  June  25.  ,^  The 

Huh  library  is  referred  to  in  Hai^risse's^'c^/.^ 
p.  189;  another  in  the  Bibl  oteca  Laurcnziana  -vt 
J  lorence  is  dated  Feb.  ,2.     In  this  char^no.  3  show 

he  Pacific  with  America  and  the  Moluccas-  no/ 
the  Atlantic  with  the  American  coast  no.  1  •.  is  t 
general  map,  indicating  the  route  of  Magellan"  Cf 
Smh,  etc.,  11.  p.  131.  One  of  1544  is  in  the  Rnva 
ld,,ary  at  Dresden,  it  is  si^ne^at  Veidce.  Tf 
.?/W/,  etc.,  11.  p  ,32.  Another  of  1545  is  in  the 
Biblioeca  Marc  ana  at  Venice.  Cf.  Studi,  e^c.  ii! 
/^/ ,/■'"■-  ^  references  in  Winsor's  Biblio^r.  of 
^M^my  s  Geog.,  sub  anno  1548.     The  Studi,  etc,  5i. 

bb  nfv  n^M  ■'"•  1  ^'"''?  f''^'  ('536-50)  in  the  Royal 
nnnZi  ^'""'<^  V  =»■"'  (P'  '59)  another  in  the  Na- 
tional  library  at  !•  lorence  as  of  the  sixteenth  century, 
contanung  fifteen  nautical  maps,  of  which  no.  2  shows 
the  coasts  ot  the  Pacific,  and  no.  3  the  east  coast  of 

xVliiCrlCtli 


—  A.  D.  1544. 

M-ip  by  Ruscclli  in  the  British  Museum,  drawn  in 
part  in  Kohl  s  Discovery  of  Maine,  p.  296,  and  inll 
H.  liancroft's  Cent.  America,  i.  148.  Cf.  Lelewel 
p.  170;  and  Peschel's  Erdkunde,  p.  37,  ^'''^^^'='' 

C-,1,0?  '"  r;'"\7"  ""•'  "«"=\"y  ^'«cribcd  to  Sebastian 
Cabot.     Cf.   Winsor's   BMwg.   of  Ptolemy's   Geoz., 

elc  ir,  'It        '■^^^^'=»"«i  ^nd Studibiog.,bibtiog:, 

.  The  map  of  Aliinster's  Cosmos^raphiu  of  this  date 
IS  reproduced  in  Santarem  and  Lelewel,  pi.  46. 

57.  A.  D.  1545.    The  world  in  the  1545  edition 
of  Ptolemy. 

The  map  is  by  Sebastian  Miinster.  The  same 
map  was  rc-engraved  in  the  Ptolemy  of  15  «.  and  in 
Munster's  Cosmoj;raJ>/iia  of  1534.  ^^  ' 

58.  A.  D.  1545.    The  new  world  by  MUnster. 

\w£^fcfr  7|!-"^"'^^Y'\'"'-^P.  Novus  Orbis,  in  the 
Hasle,  1545,  edition  of  Ptolemy.  The  same  plate 
fir.^  appeared  in  the  edition  of   1540.     (Sec  that 

—  A.  D.  1546. 

The  Pierre  Dcsceliers  map.  usually  called  the 
"I  lenri  II.  map."  Cf.  Winsor's  Biblwl  of  Ptolemy's 
Ccog.  for  retcrences;  also,  Paul  Gaffarel's  B^^il 
J'ran(a,s,  Pans  1S7S,  p.  6;  Guibcrt,  Ville  de  Dieppe, 
d^  vv'y*>  =1  ^^.^'-''-l,*'''"''?  ",^"  geographe  franjais 
Sept  1876   '  '"        '■  "^  '"  '^''""'  '^'  ^'''^^'-  'i'^-l'^ris. 

The  map  of  this  date  in  Epitome  of  Vadianus. 
published  in  154S.  is  given  bv  Santarem.  ' 

The  portolano  of  Johann.'Frcire.  Cf.  Ilarrisse's 
Labots,  p.  220. 

—  A.  D.  1548. 

Maps  no  59  and  no.  60  in  the  Italian  ed.  of 
Pto  emy.     I  oth  represent  North  America  as  a  par 

0  Asia    iMit  diffrrrnHy.     Cf.  Winsor's  BM.o}.  of 

1  tolcmys  Gcog  No.  60.  called  "  Carta  Marina,"  w^ 
repeated  m  the  Ptolemy  of  1561.  It  is  ske  ched  ?n 
the  Narr.  and  Crit.  J/ist.  of  America,  iy.  p  43    "'^ '" 


THE   KOHL  COLLECTION  OF   EARLY   MAPS. 


15 


on  the  Carolina 
Kohl's  Discovery 
bihlioi;.  Mlu  soc. 

hydrographique 
so  in  the  JJiu  ,il 
s  other  Agncse 
1  June  25,  ill  the 
iirrisse's  Caliots, 

Laurcnziana  at 
hart  no.  3  shows 
Moluccas ;  no.  4, 
ist ;  no.  12  is  a 

Magellan.  Cf. 
is  in  the  Royal 
•t  Venice.      Cf. 

1545  is  in  the 
f.  Stitcii,  etc.,  ii, 
r's  Bidlioi^.  of 
le  Stitdi,  etc.,  li. 
;o)  in  the  Royal 
thcr  in  the  Na- 
<tecnth  century, 
lich  no.  2  shows 
le  east  coast  of 


scum,  drawn  in 

296,  and  in  \l. 

■    Cf.  Lelewel, 

M. 

;d  to  .Sebastian 

'tolc-iny's   Gtog., 

iibiog.ebibliog., 

ui  of  this  date 
el,  pi.  46. 

1545  edition 

r.     The  same 
Jf  1552,  and  in 


'  Miinster. 

Orbis,  in  the 
lie  same  plate 
■0.     (Sec  that 


ly  callcfl  the 
':;  of  Ptoleinv's 
ffarel's  Brhil 
illf  dc  Dieppe, 
aphe  fran9ais 
Gcog.  de  Paris, 

of  Vadianus, 
n. 

Jf.  Harrisse's 


t.ilian  ed.  of 
rica  as  a  part 
3  Ijibliof^.    of 

Marina,"  was 
s  sketched  in 
•  P'  43- 


—  A.  D.  1549. 

A  Maggiolo  atlas  in  the  Blblioteca  Cor.iunale  in 
Trcviso. 

1*9.  A.  D.  1549.    America  by  Medina. 

The  original  is  an  engraved  map  in  Pedro  de 
Medina's  Libra  de  f^raitdeztis  y  casus  memorab/es  de 
Espana,  Seville,  1549.  It  shows  the  eastern  coast 
of  North  America  from  Labrador  south,  and  both 
coasts  of  Central  and  South  America.  Kohl  sug- 
gests that  the  small  size  of  this  and  the  other  early 
maps  of  America  issued  in  Spain,  indicate  the  un- 
willingness of  the  authorities  to  allow  detailed  charts 
on  a  large  scale  to  circulate.  It  shows  the  famous 
line  of  demarcation,  which  is  used  to  note  the  de- 
grees of  latitude.  Cf.  Bib.  Am.  /V/.„p.  517;  and 
Additions,  165.  It  is  the  map  of  the  Arte  de  navegar 
of  1 545,  eked  out  for  the  lower  parts  of  South 
America  by  an  added  block.  Cf.  Winsor's  Bibliog. 
of  Ptolemy's  Geot,'.,  sub  anno  154S. 

60.  A.  n  154-?    America  by  Homem. 

This  is  the  western  part  of  an  elliptical  projection 
of  the  world,  and  belongs  to  an  undated  manuscrijit 
in  the  liritish  Museum.  The  west  coast  is  shown 
from  California  to  Peru  ;  the  east  coast  entire,  and 
both  coasts  of  Patagonia.  Tierra  del  P'uego  is  the 
northern  part  of  a  land  of  unknown  extent.  The 
La  Plata  is  developed  ;  but  the  Amazon  is  not. 
"Terra  Nova  "is  a  peninsula  stretching  northwest- 
erly from  Norwav,  with  "  Yslanda  "  lying  between 
it  and  "  Pacalaos;"  The  majj  resembles  those  of 
Ilomem's  contemporary,  Baptista  Agneae. 

61.  A.  D.  c.  1550.    Nancy  globe. 

This  shows  the  western  hemisphere  of  the  globe 
preserved  at  Nancy,  in  France. 

Kohl  refers  to  Hlaeu's  paper  on  this  globe  in  the 
Memoires  de  la  Soci^te  royale  des  Sciences  de  Nancy, 
1S35,  pp.  i.x.  and  97-        .  ...  ,    , 

It  makes  North  America  part  of  Asia  ;  and  shows 
a  large  ant.arctic  continent.  Cf.  Winsor's  Biblio};. 
of  Ptolemy's  Oeog.,  sub  anno  1548,  for  notices  of 
engravings  of  it. 

—  xvi.  cent. 

The  Studi  bios^.  e  biblios;.  della  soc.  geof^.  ital.,  vol.  ii. 
enumerates  various  maps  of  this  century,  without 
assigning  them  particular  years ;  and  also  a  variety 
of  MS.  sea-manuals  likewise  of  this  century. 

A.i  anonymous  Carta  nautica  i)reserved  in  the 
Ducal  library  at  Wolfenbiittel,  which  shows  North 
America  in  part,  as  far  west  as  Yucatan  and  east  to 
Cape  St.  Augustine  [SIndi,  ii.  p.  106).  Cf.  Harnsse, 
Cabals,  p.  185;  and  Winsor's  Bibliog.  of  Ptolemy,  sub 

An  atlas  in  the  same  library,  with  a  map  of  the 
new  world,  which  is  placed  in  the  last  quarter  of 

the  century  (6V«(//,  ii.  p.  155)-      ,  ,  ,    , 

A  Spanish  mappeniondc  of  the  early  part  of  the 
century,  preserved  in  the  Archivio  del  Collegio  di 
Propaganda,  at  Rome  (Studi,  ii.  no.  446). 

A  Portuguese  atlas  in  the  Royal  archives  at  Flor- 
ence, showing  no.  17,  Acadia;  iS,  Cape  Cod  to  thf 
Gulf  of  Mexico;  19,  Gulf  of  Mexico;  20,  Antilles; 
21-24,  South  American  coasts  (Stiidi,  ii.  no.  451). 

An  atlas  of  the  first  half  of  the  century,  in  the 
Piblioteca  Angelica  at  Rome,  which  has  seveial 
maps  of  America  [Studi,  ii.  p.  I3f>)-        .      ,.  ^ 

An  atlas  in  the  Archivio  del  Collegio  di  Propa- 
ganda, with  a  map  showing  the  east  coast  of  Amer- 


ica (Studi,  ii.  p.  160;  Bull,  de  hi  sac.  de  g^ag.,  1847, 
vii.  308).  Also  in  the  same  place  a  Carta  nautica, 
showing  a  large  part  of  America  (Studi,  ii.  p.  160; 
Bull.,  etc.,  vii.  313). 

An  anonvmous  atlas  in  the  Biblioteca  Comunale 
at  Fernio  (studi,  ii.  p.  162). 

An  anonymous  atlas  in  the  Museo  Civicoat 
Venice,  giving  the  northeast  parts  of  America 
(Studi,  ii.  p.  1O3),  and  another  (p.  165)  showing  the 
western  hemisphere. 

A  globe  in  the  Biblioteca  Marciana  at  Venice 
(Studi,  ii.  p.  164). 

An  anonymous  atlas  in  the  Biblioteca  Ambrosi- 
ana  at  Milan,  showing  the  east  and  west  coasts  of 
America  (Studi,  ii.  p.  168). 

An  anonymous  Carta  nautica,  preserved  at  Milan, 
showing  the  American  coasts  of  the  Atlantic  (Studi, 
ii.  p.  170).  _    _ 

An  atlas  of  Antonio  Millo,  preserved  in  the  Bibli- 
oteca Vittorio  ICmanuele  at  Rome,  showing  the  two 
Americas  (Studi,  ii.  p.  174). 

An  anonymous  Spanish  planisphere  of  the  begin- 
ning of  the  century,  preserved  in  the  Royal  library 
at  rurin,  which  shows  the  coasts  of  Mexico  and  the 
northern  parts  of  South  America  (Studi,  ii.  no.  406). 

An  atlas  of  Francesco  Gisalfo  of  Genoa  with  a 
mai)i)emonde,  preserved  in  *he  Biblioteca  Riccardi- 
ana  at  Florence  (Studi,  ii.  160) ;  an  anonymous  atlas 
in  the  same  librarv,  which  shows  the  east  and  west 
coats  of  America  (.Studi,  ii.  p.  172);  and  a  Portu- 
guese atlas,  showing:  no.  19,  Canada;  20,  Florida; 
21,  Peru;  22,  Venezuela;  23-26,  South  America 
(Studi,  ii.  no.  452).  Several  of  the  maps  in  the 
Riccardi  palace  have  been  shown  in  the  Jahrbuch 
des  Vereins  fiir  Erdkunde  in  Dresden,  1870.  Cf. 
Winsor,  Bibliog.  of  Ptolemy,  sub  1561. 

A  Portuguese  planisphere  of  the  end  of  the  cen- 
tury, showing  the  western  hemisphere.  It  is  pre- 
served in  the  Biblioteca  Vallichelliana  at  Rome. 
(Studi,  ii.  no.  450). 

Kohl  refers  to  a  "  weltkarte  "  of  the  middle  of  the 
sixteenth  century,  which  is  given  in  the  Mimoires  de 
la  societc'  de  A'ancy,  1832. 

—  A.  D.  1550-53- 

Two  portolanos  of  Pierre  Desceliers,'one  in  the 
British  Museum,  and  the  other  at  Vienna.  Cf.  Brit. 
Mus.  Cat.  of  MSS.,  no.  24065  ;  llarrisse,  Cabats,  230; 
Bull,  de  la  Soc.  de  Giog.  de  Paris,  Sept.  1852  and 
Sept.  1856. 

A  MS.  parchment  chart  (1550)  of  Diego  Gutier- 
rcs  in  the  Depot  des  cartes  de  la  Marine  at  Paris. 

62.  A.  D.  1551.    The  world  by  Apian. 

The  original  is  an  engraved  "  charta  cosmograph- 
ica"  in  the  Cosmographia  of  Petrus  Apianus,  pub- 
lished at  Paris  in' 1551,  with  additions  by  Gemma 
Frisius.  The  map  is  not  in  the  Antwerp  edition  of 
1 341,  and  differs  from  the  one  there  given.  North 
America  is  a  narrow  continental  land,  north  of  which 
Asia  and  Europe  unite.  See  notes  on  the  bibliog- 
raphj;  of  Apian  in  Nar,  and  Grit.  Hist,  of  America, 
vol.  li. 

63.  A.  D.  155- ?    The  world  by  Martine8(?). 

The  original  is  a  planisphere  from  a  MS.  atlas, 
whose  names  are  mostly  Italian  with  some  Span- 
ish ones,  which  formerly  belonged  ^to  the  Duke  de 
Cassaao  Scira,  and  is  now  in  the  British  Museum. 
Kohl  finds  its  American  portion  to  correspond 
closely  with  a  map  of  Joannes  Marlines  of  1578  in 
the  British  Museum,  and  supposes  this  to  be  by 


i6 


THE   KOIIL  COLLECTION   OF  EARLY  MAPS, 


him  also.  The  later  map  has  meridians  of  longi- 
tude, which  this  has  not.  South  America  is  called 
*'  Tcru  "  in  this  mai),  but  "  America  "  in  the  later 
one.  The  general  outline  of  the  new  world  resem- 
bles that  of  J'orccachi's  maps.  The  huge  antarctic 
continent  so  conmion  in  maps  of  this  lime,  is  shown. 


this 


—  A.  D.  1552. 

Munster's  maps   in   the    Basle   Ptolemy  of 
year,  repeated  from  the  editions  of  1540-42-45. 

—  A.  D.  c.  1553. 

A  parchment  planisphere  in  the  Depot  dcs  Cartes 
de  la  Marme  at  Paris.     Ilarrisse,  Caboh,  238. 

64.  A.  D.  1554.    America  by  BoUero. 

The  original  is  a  small  woodcut,  —  called  "  Rrcvis 
exactaque  totius  novi  orbis  cjusque  insularum  de- 
scnptio  recens— Joan  liollcro  edita,"  — which  ap- 
pears in  various  publications  of  about  this  time, 
including  Gomara's  Historia  gcural  de  las  Iiuiius,  to 
which  Kohl  credits  it.  The  coasts  north  of  Mexico 
and  Labrador  are  wanting.  Cf.  Uricoechea,  Ma- 
poteca  ColomMana,  no.  12,  and  Winsor's  BMios'.  of 
/V£»/<^»*)/,  sub  1561. 

—  A.  D.  1554. 

An  atlas  by  Baptista   Agnese  in  the   Biblioteca 
Marciana  at  Venice  (Stiidi  />ioir.  e  hiblioi;.,  ii.  p.  1-50) 
This  was  issued  in  photographic  facsiin'ile  at  Venice 
in  1681.     Cf.  Winsor's  Bibliog.  of  Ptolemy,  sub  i  cGl, 
for  other  maps  of  Agnese  of  about  this  tiinic. 

A  map  of  Andre  Thevet,  cited  by  D'Avezac,  Sur 
la  projection  des  Cartes,  Paris,  1863,  p.  73. 

A  map  of  the  world  by  Framezini,  engraved  bv 
Ji  'IIS  de  Musis.  ' 

65.  The  world. 

The  wor.  an  elliptical  projection,  copied  from 

the  map  111  the  Basle,  1555,  edition  of  Grynxus,  in 
the  Grenville  copy  in  the  British  Museum.  It  re- 
sembles map  no.  49  {ante) ;  and  had  earlier  appeared 
m  the  1537  edition  of  the  Navus  Orbis. 

—  A.  D.  1555. 

A  portolano  by  Le  Testu  in  the  French  ministry 
of  war.    Cf.  W  insor's  Bibliog.  of  Ptolemy,  sub  1561. 

66.  A.  D.  1556.    America,  in  Ramusio,  vol.  iii. 

The  original  was  made  for  Ramusio  bv  Gastaldi 
(about  1550)  from  material  gathered  by  Oviedo,  and 
sent  to  Ramusio  bv  the  Florentine  Ilicroniino  Fra- 
castoro.  It  is  c.illcd  :  "  Universale  dclla  parte  del 
niondo  nuovamente  ritrovata."  Ramusio  dates  the 
introduction  to  this  volume  in  1553,  which  mav  iier- 
haps  indicate  the  date  of  the  map ;  and  the  m.itcrial 
upon  which  it  was  founded  would  seem  to  include 
results  of  Cabrillo's  explorations  on  the  California 
coast  in  1542-43. 

The  maps  of  the  new  world,  both  in  this  edition 
and  in  that  of  ,5r,5,  are  :  i,  New  world  ;  2,  Tcmisti- 
tan  (Mexico) ;  3,  Cusco  in  Pern  ;  4,  New  France  and 
Newfoundland  ;  5,  east  part  of  Brazil ;  6,  part  of 
America;  7,  Taprobano  ;  8,  liochelaga, —  a  bird's- 
eye  view  of  an  Indian  camp. 

—  A.  D.  1556. 

Vopellio's  cordiform  mappemonde  in  Girava's 
Cosmographia,  Milan.     There  is  a  facsimile   of  it 


published  by  Henry  Stevens.  It  is  sometimes 
toiind  iti  the  1570  edition  of  Girava,  which  is  the 
1556  edition  with  a  new  title, 

—  A.  D.  155S-S0. 

Atlas  of  liertelli  e  Forlani,  published  at  Rome, 
contair.ing  maps  of  North  and  South  America.  Cf. 
Sabin's  Dutionary,  ii.  500c.  See  no.  69.  VVli.-t  is 
called  Lafrcri's  Roman  atlas,  7\m>le  moderne  at  Ge- 
ografia,  is  sometimes  given  as  published  at  Rome 
and  Venice,  1554-72.  Forlani's  ma)),  Universale 
/A'serittione,  is  cited  as  of  1565,  1570,  etc.  Cf. 
Thomassy,  Les  Papes  giographes,  ■^.  118. 

67.  A.  D.  1558.    America  by  Homem. 

The  original  is  a  MS.  m.ip  by  Diego  Ilomem  in 
the  British  Museum,  a  part  of  a  large  general  atlas 
by  this  Portuguese  chart-maker,  who  inscribes  it: 
"Diegus  Ilomem  cosmographus  fecit  hoc  opus 
anno  salutis,  1558."  The  words  "  mundus  novus  " 
are  in  a  scroll  on  South  America ;  but  "  America  "  in 
small  letters  is  on  the  region  north  of  the  Amazon, 
which  runs  a  general  easterly  course.  The  coast  of 
Chili  antl  the  western  coast  of  Patagonia  are  indi- 
cated by  a  dotted  line.  The  California  coast  is  car- 
ried a  short  distance  above  the  peninsula  of  Cali- 
fornia. The  Bay  of  F"undy  runs  nearly  north.  The 
St.  Lawrence  is  broadened  into  a  sea  of  uncertain 
limits.  Cf.  Brit.  Miis.  Cat.  of  MS.  maps,  1844, 
vol.  i.  p.  27 ;  Harrisse,  Cahots,  p.  243 ;  and  further 
on  atlases  of  this  time  by  Ilomem  in  Winsor's 
Bibliog.  of  Ptolemy,  sub  156 1. 

—  A.  D.  1559. 

Harrisse,  Cabots,  p.  244,  cites  a  mappemonde  of 
Andreas  Homo,  preserved  in  the  Ministry  01  Foreign 
Affairs  at  Paris. 

68.  A.  D.  1 560.    America  by  NicoUo  del  Dolfi- 

iiatto. 

The  original  is  an  engraved  map  belonging  to  the 
Na-'igationi  del  mondo  iio-\\  ])ublished  in  Venice  in 
1560,  and  is  inscribed;  "Opera  di  M.  Nicolle  del 
Dclfinatto,  Cosinografo  del  Christianissimo  Re." 
Kohl  ]3oints  out  its  resemblance  to  a  map  edited  by 
Forlani  and  made  by  Gastaldi  in  1560,  though  it 
shows  less,  but  on  a  large  scale.  It  shows  from 
Labrador  to  15°  below  the  ecpiator  on  the  cast 
coast;  and  omits  all  north  of  Mexico  on  the  west 
coast.  Both  this  and  Forlani's  were  published  by 
the  same  publisher  in  Venice. 

69.  A.  D.  1560.     The  new  world  by  Gastaldi 

and  Forlani. 

An  engraved  map  (in  the  British  Museum)  in- 
scribed :  "  Paulus  dc  Furlanis  Veroncnsis  opus  hoc 
exnii  Cosmographi  Dni  Jacobi  Gastaldi,  Pedcmontani 
instauravi'..  .  .  .  Vcnetiis,  T'>;iii»  Francisci  Camotii 
aercis  forinis.  .  .  .  Anno  MDLX." 

North  America  is  connecteil  with  Asia  ;  the  North 
Pacific  extending  only  to  the  40°  N.  Lat.  The 
Amazon  runs  north.  'The  La  Plata  is  not  devel- 
oped.    A  j)olar  sea  is  north  of  Labrador. 

The  map  was  again  issued  unchanged,  by  Forlani 
in  1576. 

—  A.  D.  1560. 

A  small  globe  in  the  mathematical  salon  .at  Dres- 
den. Cf.  Wicscr's  ^Tag^dhdes•strasse.  p.  70,  where 
one  by  Johannes  Prxtorius  is  referred  to,  as  being 
in  the  same  place,  and  assigned  to  1568. 


■/ 


THE   KOHL  COLLECTION   OF   EARLY   MAPS. 


17. 


lo  del  Dolfl- 


>y  Gastaldi 


/ 


—  A.  D.  1561. 

A  map  by  Girolatno  Uuscelli  in  the  edition  of 
rtolcmy,  puhlishtd  at  Venice.  Tlie  coasts  of  Cali- 
fornia and  Ciiili  are  left  uncertain.  The  same  boolv 
has  several  sectional  maps  of  America.  These  maps 
were  repeated  in  the  Ptolemies  of  1562,  1564,  and 

1574- 

An  atlas  of  Bartolomco  Olives  di  Majorca  in  the 
Royal  archives  at  Naples,  nos.  2  and  3,  showing 
parts  of  North  America  and  the  Antilles.  Cf.  StiiJi 
bioi;.  e  biMioi^.,  ii.  no.  428. 

An  improved  map  in  Ilonter's  De  Cosmogra^hia: 
rudimcntisy  published  at  Basle. 


—  A.  D.  \pi2. 

A  map  of  the  younger  Diego  Gutierres. 
risse,  Cabots,  p.  152. 


Ilar- 


—  A.  D.  1562-66. 

Carta  nautica  of  Paolo  Forlani  in  the  National 
library  at  Paris.  It  is  figured  in  Santarem's  Atlas. 
Cf.  Bull,  (if  la  soc.  de  gioj^.  de  Paris,  1S39  ;  Studi  biog. 
e  bibliog.,  ii.  p.  142. 

The  catalogue  of  the  King's  maps  in  the  British 
Museum  puts  a  map  of  Forlani  under  1562.  Cf. 
Thomassy,  Z«  Papes  giographes,  118. 

—  A.  D.  1563. 

Atlas  of  Giorgio  Sideri  detto  Callapoda  di  Candia> 
containing  ten  maps,  one  showing  the  two  hemis- 
pheres, and  another,  America.  It  is  in  the  liiblio- 
teca  Marciana  at  Venice.     Cf.  Studi,  etc.,  ii   no.  433. 

—  A.  D.  1564. 

An  atlas  of  Bajitista  Agnese,  dated  May  25,  1564, 
referred  to  in  Biit.  Mns.  Cat.  0/  MSS.,  no.  25442; 
and  another  in  the  Biblioteca  Alarciana.  Cf.  Ilar- 
rissc,  6'(;A"'>',  i8g.  There  are  various  undated  atlases 
of  Agnesf  mentioned  in  Winsor's  Bibliog.  of  Pto- 
lemy, sub  1 597. 

—  A.  D.  1566. 

An  engraved  map  of  Zaltiere  or  Zaltcrius  of  Bi> 
logna,  measuring  15J  X  loj^  inches,  called  the  earliest 
map  to  show  the  straits  of  Aniau.  Cf.  Nar.  and 
Crit.  Hist.  0/ Aiiurirc   iv.  ]).  93 

A  brass  globe  in  the  town  library  at  Nuremberg 
by  Johannes  Praetorius.  Cf.  Ghillany's  Beiiaim, 
p.  60. 

A  MS.  map  by  Des  Liens  of  Dieppe  in  the  Na- 
tional library  at  Paris.  Cf.  iVar.  and  Crit.  Hist,  of 
America,  iv.  78. 

An  engraved  map  of  Johannes  Paulus  Cimberlinus 
of  Verona,  showing  North  America  as  a  part  of  Asia. 
Mr.  Brevoort  has  a  copy. 

—  A.  D.  1567. 

An  atlas  of  this  date  is  quoted  by  Santarcm  as 
being  in  the  Tcrnaa.x  bibliotheque.  Cf.  Bidl.  dc  la 
Soc.  de  Gt'ox'.  de  Paris,  1837  (viii.),  p.  175.  It  shows 
the  new  world. 

70.  A.  D.  1568.    America  by  Homem. 

The  original  is  a  MS.  map  in  tiie  Koyal  library 
at  Drcsd  purporting  to  be  by  "  Diegus  cosmo- 
graphus,  Portuguese  living  in  Venice  in  156S. 
Kohl  identiiies  him  with  Diego  Ilomem,  and  traces 
the  resemblance  of  this  map  to  Ilomem's  map  of 


1558  (no.  67  ante).  This  map  has  a  northern  coa.st 
of  "North  America  drawn  in,  which  that  of  1558  did 
not  have. 

The  La  Plata  river  is  nade  something  like  an  inte- 
rior sea,  with  islands,  and  has  a  small  channel  con- 
necting with  the  ocean  on  the  northern  coast  of 
Brazil. 


71,    A.  D. 


-.    The  world. 


A  map  in  a  doublc-cordiform  projection,  follow- 
ing an  engraved  original  in  the  British  Museum.  Its 
only  inscription  is  "  Ant.  Sal.  exc.  Komx."  A  legend 
on  It  speaks  of  America  being  better  drawn  than  in 
other  contem))orary  maps. 

Northern  Asia  extends  in  a  peninsular  shape  round 
the  north  pole,  with  "  G'oclandia  "  as  a  subordinate 
peninsula.  The  "  ilaccalearum  regio  "  has  a  group 
of  islands  lying  cast  of  it,  called  "  Insule  Corterealis. ' 
A  "  Fretum  arcticum  "  separates  this  from  the  polar 
land.  The  Amazon  discovered  in  1542  is  left  out. 
The  Chilian  coast  is  "  Littora  incognita." 

It  is  sometimes  assigned  to  about  the  year  1540. 

—  A.  U.  1569. 

The  great  mappemonde  of  Gerard  Mercator.  Cf. 
references  in  iVar.  and  Crit.  Hist,  of  America,  iv. 
369;  and  in  Winsor's  Bibliog.  of  Ptolemy,  sub  1597. 

72.  A.  D.  1570.    ^..merica  by  Ortelius. 

Engraved  map  in  the  first  edition  of  the  Tliea- 
tram  Orbis  Tcrrarum,  of  Abraham  Ortelius,  the 
most  learned  geoi;ra])her  of  his  time.  He  gives  in 
his  text  accompanying  the  map  about  twenty  Span- 
ish, Italian,  German  and  French  authoiiiics  for  his 
sources,  —  most  of  which  he  might  have  found ^^n 
Ramusio,  though  his  map  is  far  in  advance  r\'  at 
incsented  by  Ramusio.  This  deline.i*'  f  .  lius 
w  ith  that  of  Mercator,  may  be  sai  .stal> 

lislied  a  tyjie  for  the  contour  of  the  \  ;  ..icas,  which 
long  prevailed.  For  various  subsequent  issues  see 
Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist,  of  America,  iii.  34;  iv.  369. 

Reference  may  be  made  to  a  globe  of  this  date 
by  Francisco  Basso,  a  ^Milanese  ,  and  a  M.S.  map 
by  Jehan  Cossin  of  Dieppe,  in  the  National  library 
at  Paris.     Harrisse,  Cabots,  217. 

—  A.  D.  1572. 

The  mappemonde  in  Porcacchi's  V hole  pin  famose 
del  mor  ^o,  published  at  Venice,  repeated  in  later  edi- 
tions, 1576,  1590,  etc.  One  of  theni  is  given  in  fac- 
simile in  Stevens's  Notes,  etc. 


—  A.  D.  1573. 

Lelewcl,  Moyen  &ge,  vol.  i.  pi.  7,  cites  a  "  Orbis 
tcrrarum  a  hydrographo  Ilispano  in  piano  deline- 
atio." 

—  A.  D.  1574. 

Two  maps  of  the  western  hemisphere  (one  dated 
1574)  in  the  Theatri  Orbis  Tcrrarum  Enchiridion  of 
Philippns  Gal.-Bus,  "jier  Hugonem  Favolium  illus- 
tratum,"  published  at  Antwerp  in  15S5. 

73.  A.  Vs.  1575.    America  by  Thsvet. 

An  engraved  map,  according  to  Kohl,  in  Thevet's 
La  France  Antarctii/ue  (Brazil  about  Rio  Janeiro), 
published  in  1575  and  1 581.  The  map  is  called 
"  Le  nouveau  monde  decouvert  et  illustre  de  nostre 


i8 


THE   KOHL   COLLECTION   OF   EARLY   MAPS. 


Temps,"  and  though  Thevet  professes  that  he  based 
it  on  new  material,  it  is  largely  a  copy  of  Orteliiis, 
with  a  more  profuse  rauiilication,  to  the  rivers,  of 
which  Thevet  probably  had  no  further  information 
than  Ortulius  had  ;  but  he  gives  some  Krentli  names, 
which  Ortelius  does  not  give.  He  goes  a  little 
farther  north  than  Ortelius.  There  was  also  a  map 
in  Thcvet's  Cosiii<xnifi/iiij. 
Cf.  a  map  in  lielleforcst's  Coimo^aphia. 

74.  A.  D.  1576.    The  world  by  Sir  Humphrey 
Gilbert. 

An  engraved  cordiform  map  in  G\\hcx\.'%  Discourse 
cf  a  Discin'cry  for  a  unu  fassai^e  to  Calaia,  London, 
1576,  where  the  chart  is  called  "A  general  map 
made  onelve  for  the  particular  declaration  of  this 
discovery.''  The  map  is  similar  in  aspect  to  Apian's 
(no.  62),  but  the  northern  waters  of  America  arc 
different,  in  order  to  illustrate  Gilbert's  views,  ac- 
cording more  with  Uomem's  in  making  open  water 
west  of  Labrador  and  neighboring  parts,  which  arc 
made  i.-,lands.  There  is  a  facsimile  in  the  Nar.  and 
Crit.  Ilist.  of  America,  iii.  ch.  6. 

Wieser  in  his  A/ui^^al/idcz-Strasse,  p.  72,  refers  to  an 
erd-globus  of  Apian  preserved  in  tlie  llof  biblio- 
thek  at  Munich. 

75.  A.  D.  1578.    The  world  by  Martinea. 

A  M.S.  map  in  the  British  Museum,  marked: 
"Joan.  Martines  en  Messina,  afii,  1578."  It  is  of 
a  double  hemispherical  projection,  and  in  outline 
America  is  of  the  Ortelius  type,  though  very  differ- 
ent in  the  region  of  the  St.  Lawrence. 

The  British  Museum  Catalo-;ue  of  MS.  ma/is,  i. 
p.  29,  shows  the  Marlines  atlas  to  contain  various 
American  maps:  i,  the  world;  2,  the  two  hemis- 
pheres; 3,  the  world  in  gores;  10,  west  coast  of 
America;  11,  coast  of  Mexico;  /2,  13,  South  .Vmcr- 
ica;  14,  Gulf  of  Mexico;  15,  part  of  east  coast  of 
North  America. 


76.  A.  D.  1578. 
A  duplicate  of  no.  75,- 


•  less  perfect. 


77.  A.  D.  15/8.    The  world  by  Martines. 

A  MS.  map,  smaller  th.m  nos.  75  .and  76,  likewise 
in  the  British  Museum,  and  dilfering  in  jjarts  from 
that  map,  particularly  in  the  St.  Lawrence  region; 
and  in  making  the  .Amazon  a  long  river,  rising  in 
Tatagonia,  while  in  the  other  map,  it  has  a  .short 
course  and  is  all  north  of  the  La  Plata.  The  moun- 
tain^ ranges  in  both  Americas  stretch  cast  and  west. 

The  British  Museum  ALSS.,  no.  2201S,  is  a  porto- 
lano  of  Martines,  dated  1579.  'J'he  />';-//.  Miis.  Cut. 
of  MS.  maps,  1S44,  i.  31,  gives  a  map  of  the  world 
by  Martines  (suh  anno  1582).  The  South  American 
part  is  facsimiled  in  colors  in  Bibliophile  Jacob's 
Moyen  Age. 

78.  A.  D.  1578.    The  world  by  Frobisher. 

An  engraved  sketch  in  Best's  True  Discourse,  re- 
garding Frobisher's  voyage,  showing  that  command- 
er's view  of  a  passage,'called  after  himself,  connect- 
ing the  Atlantic  with  the  Straits  of  Anian.  The 
coasts  discovered  since  Ptolemy's  time  are  drawn  in 
pncked  lines.  Cf.  Coliinsnn's  Frobisiur,  and  IVar.  ■ 
and  Crit.  Hist,  of  America,  iii.  ch.  3. 

There  is  a  maj^pemonde  in  the  Speculum   Orbis 
(errarum  of  Cellarius. 


—  A.  D.  1582. 

An  elli|)tical  mappemonde  in  Pnpellinierc's  Trots 
moudes.     It  is  of  the  Ortelius  and  Mercator  type. 

A  n>ap|Hmoiule  by  A.  Millo  is  numbered  27470  in 
the  Brit.  Mus.  MSS. 


—  A.  D. 


•ssj. 


Map  m  the  edition  of  this  year  of  Reisch's  Mar- 
Sarillia  philosophica,  published  at  Basic.  Cf.  Uri- 
coechea,  Map.  Colomb.,  no.  15. 

79.  A.  D.  15S7.    The  world  by  Myritluo. 

An  engraved  map  in  the  Opusculum  i;eoi;raphicum 
rarum  per  Joauuem  Mvrilium  Me/ite'imm.  Iwol- 
stud:  t  aiiiio  MDCCCC",  the  map  being  called 
"  Universalis  orbis  descriptio."  Myritius  was  a 
knight  of  Malta,  and  dates  his  preface'in  1 5S7,  when 
Kohl  conjectures  his  map  (of  which  he  gives  no  ac- 
count) may  have  been  made. 

The  map  makes  North  America  a  part  of  Asia, 
resembling  in  this  respect  that  of  Forlani  of  1560. 

Reference  mav  be  made  under  this  date  to  the 
map  in  Ilakluyt's  cditi(m  of  Peter  Martyr,  pub- 
lished in  Paris.  There  is  a  facsimile  in  .s'tevens's 
AV<'.r,  &c.;  and  a  sketch  in  the  A'ar.  and  Crit.  Hist, 
of  America,  iii.  ]).  42. 

The  map  in  the  Ortelius  of  this  year  was  repeated 
m  the  edition  of  1598.     Uricoechea,  no.  16. 

80.  A.  D.  1589.    The  world  by  Hakluyt. 

An  engraved  map  in  Ilakluyt's  Priucipall  A'avi- 
X'ations,  London,  1589.  Kohl  i)oints  out  how  South 
America  is  imjjroved  over  Ortelius's  delineation; 
but  he  remarks  as  singular,  that  Drake  and  New 
Albion,  Raleigh  and  Virginia,  with  Frobisher  and 
his  straits  should  be  ignored  in  North  America  by 
an  Knglish  authority.  There  is  also  no  trace  of 
Drake  in  the  regions  about  Magellan's  straits,  —  the 
Spanish  authorities  seemingly  furnishing  all  the  in- 
formation Hakluyt  had.  He  calls  North  America, 
"America  sive  India  nova." 

81.  A.  D.  15S9. 

A  duplicate  of  no.  So,  — less  perfect. 

82.  A.  D.  1589.    The  world  by  Houdius. 

An  engraved  maj),  on  which  a  statement  that  it  is 
intended  to  show  the  tracks  of  Drake  and  Caven- 
dish, is  signed  by  Jodicus  llondins,  15S9.  The  cir- 
cumnavigations of  these  two  Knglish  explorers  are 
marked  by  pricked  lines;  and  in  one  corner  a  small 
sketch  of  Drake's  harbor  on  the  California  coast, 
"  Portns  nova;  Albionis,"  is  made.  Tierra  del  Fucgo 
is  made  a  group  of  islands  for  the  first  time,  while 
the  great  antarctic  continent  is  contracted  on  this 
side  nearer  the  southern  pole,  though  it  is  made  to 
extend  as  far  as  the  tropic  of  Cai)ricorn  on  the  other 
side  of  the  globe.  In  an  in.scription  referring  to  the 
'lierra  del  Fuego  group  Ilondius  remarks  that  Cav- 
endish and  the  Spaniards  do  not  accept  Drake's 
views,  making  a  continent  the  southern  boundary 
of  the  Straits  of  .Magellan  ;  and  on  later  maps  Hon- 
dius  seems  to  have  accepted  tliese  other  views.  Cf. 
Uricoechea,  no.  25. 


83.  A.  D.  1589.    America  by  Cornelius  Jud^ua. 

The  western   portion  of  a  ,>iap  called:  "  Totius 

tio.    Corn.  Judacus. 


orbis  cogniti  universalis  dt' 


THE   KOHL  COLLECTION   OF   EARLY   MAPS. 


19 


Antucrpia.    Pridie   Cal.    Nov.   A.    ISS9,  fecit.'      It 

f„ll,>ws  the  Ortcliiis  and  Mcrcator  typt ;  ami  it  par- 
ticularlv  resembles  the   Mercator  map  of   1587.     It 
has  the'  usual  aiitarrtic  continent. 
Cf.  a  map  vi  Juduuus  ut  his  i>pcculum  orbis  lerrae, 

«S93- 

—  A.  D.  1592- 

The  Molineaux  globe   preserved  in   the  Middle 
Temple,  London. 


ius  Judaeus. 


—  A.  D.  IS93- 

Map  resembling  the  Ortclius  type  in  the  Ilhlma- 
rum  Indkiintin  Ubri  xvi.  of  Malfeius.  Cf.  Uricoe- 
chea,  no.  19. 

84.  A.  D.  1 594.    America  by  Peter  Plancius. 

An  engraved  map  entitled  :  "Orbis  terrarum  tvpus 
dc  integro  inultis  in  locis  emendatior  auctore  I'et  o 
riancio,  1594."  Knhl  points  out  its  resemblance 
to  Ilak'luyt's  map  of  1589.  riancius  g  .cs  the  four 
large  islands  about  the  north  pole,  which  I'urchas 
says  were  invented  bv  Mercator.  There  arc  indica- 
tions of  Krcbisher's  Vovagc;  but  none  of  Dr.akc's. 
Kohl  Hunks  that  Plancius  had  Spanish  and  Portu- 
guese originals,  which  are  unknown  to  us,  and  which 
he  u-;ed  to  advantage  in  drawing  the  interior  parts  of 
South  America.  . 

The  map  is  found  in  the  Dutch  edition  of  Lin- 
schoten,  1596.  Blundevilc,  in  his  /i.wc/.fi'J,  speaks 
of  a  Plancius  map  "  latelv  put  forth  in  t'le  yeere  of 
our  lord,  1 592."  The  same  map  re-engra-.  d,  but  not 
credited  to  Plancius  is  in  the  Latin  Linschoten,  1599. 
The  English  Linschoten  of  1598  has  the  map  of  the 
Hakluyt  of  1589,  re-engraved  from  Ortclius. 

U.Kler  this  year  also,  we  must  init  De  Hry's  maps 
of  the  world,  of  this  and  later  dates ;  contained  m 
the  Great  VoVir^vs,  parts  iv.  and  xii. 

Cf.  also  a  map  of  the  world  by  Quadus. 
Santarcm  cites  as  in  the  Propaganda  at  Rome  a 
portolano  of  Jean  Oliva,  the  sixth  of  whose  maps  is 
a  planisphere  showing  the  Straits  of  Magellan.  Cf. 
Bull,  de  la  Sm.  de  Geoi:.  ( 1S47),  vii.  30S,  where  is  also 
as  no.  xii.,  another  ))ortolano  ot  the  sixteenth  century, 
without  name  or  date,  but  showing  on  one  of  its 
maps  the  eastern  coast  of  America;  and  again,  p.  313, 
still  another  of  the  same  century. 

—  A.  D.  1595-98- 

The  map  in  Giovanni  Bolero's  Relatioui  universalis 
Venice,  1595,  and  Later.  Cf.  0'Calla.i;/ian  Catalogue, 
nos.  339,  340;  Sabin's  Dietioiiar\\  ii.  6799;  Rich 
{1832),  no.  96.  There  was  a  later  edition  in  1603; 
Relacioues  uuiversales  del  Afuitdo,  i)ublishcd  at  Valla- 
dolid,  which  contains  both  a  map  of  the  world,  and 
one  of  the  two  Americas. 

—  A.  D.  1595. 

A  Dutch  map  of  the  world  by  Loew. 

—  A.  D.  1596. 

The  maps  in  the  edition  of  Ptolemy,  printed  at 
Venice,  and  repeated  in  editions  under  date  of  1597, 
1608  and  1617. 

85.  A.  D.  1597.    The  world  by  Porro. 

A  small  engraved  map,  markcil  •'  Universi  orbis 
descriptio  a  Hieronymo  Porro  Pativino  incisa.      It 


is  of  the  Mercator  type;  and  having  been  first 
printed  separately  was' later  pul)lished  in  an  edition 
of  Ptolemy  at  Cologne  in  1597,  and  in  another  at 
Venice  in  1598.  America  is  called  "  Amcria,  sivc 
India  nova."  There  is  the  usual  Southern  polar 
continent.  This  anr'  other  maps  showing  America 
are  numbered  2,  29  j4,  and  35  in  the  Ptolemy  of 
1597. 

Urder  this  date  also,  is  a  map  of  the  Ortclius  type 
in  \V  vtlliet's  continuation  of  Ptolemy.  There  is  a 
facsimile  of  it  in  the  A'ar.  and  Crit.  Hist,  of  Amer- 
ica, vol.  ii. 

The  globe  of  Ilondius,  embodying  discoveries  m 
America. 

The  map  in  Magninus's  Geographia. 

86.  A.  D.  1 598.    The  world  by  Molineaux. 

An  engraved  map,  belonging,  as  Kohl  asserts,  to 
the  159S  edition  of  I'akluvt,  but  rarely  found  in  it. 
The  fiicsimile  of  it  issued  by  the  Hakluyt  society  m 
1S80,  is  dated  ifxxj.    Kohl  refers  to  llakluvt's  prom- 
ise in  the  1589  edition  to  give  a  map  by  Molineaux, 
and  traces  the  correspondences  in  this  map  to  the 
globe  in  the  Middle  Temple,  assigned  to  Molineaux. 
The  map  is  an  attempt  to  carry  out  some  geograi)hi- 
cal  problems  on  theoretical  grounds,  as  compare  his 
treatment  of  the  St.  Lawrence  and  the  Lakes.     The 
California  coast  is  not  carried  north  of  Drake's  New 
Albion,     lie  omits  the  antarctic  continent  .and  Mer- 
cator's   arctic   islands,  and  the  northern  coasts  of 
America  and  Asia.     He  ignores  the  tisual  fabulous 
Atlantic   islands,  except    Prisland,   which   he   puts 
southwest  of  Iceland.     He  makes  an  insular  group 
of   Tierra  ilel  Fucgo,  and  removes  the  protuberant 
part  of  the  contour  of  the  Chilian  coast,  as  repre- 
sented by  Mercator  and  Ortclius ;  though  he  pre- 
serves a  smaller   projection  nearer   the   Straits  of 
Magellan.     In  this  he  assigns  the  explorations  of 
Drake  in  1577  and  of  Sarmiento  and  Cavendish  in 
1587,  .as  authorities.     Contrary  to  most  maps  of  the 
time  he  makes  the  Pacific  in  lat.  38°,  1200  leagues 
wide,  and  the  distance  from  Cape  St.  Lucas  to  Cape 
Mendocino  600  leagues.  ^ 

A  map  of  the  Ortclius  type  is  in  Miinster  s  Cos- 
moi^rapliia.  The  Italian  Ortclius  of  this  year,  // 
theatro  del  Moiido,  published  at  Prescia,  has  three 
maps  showing  America,  pp.  i,  3  and  11. 


Brit.  Mus.  MSS..  no. 


—  A.  D.  1 599. 

A  portolano  of  G.  Oliva. 
24943 

87.  A.  D.  1600  (?)    Spanish  map  of  America. 

An  engraved  map  in  the  British  Museum,  pul> 
lishcd  about  1600,  and  showing  the  Ortclius  and 
Mercator  tyoe,  but  more  closely  resembling  that  of 
Ortclius  (1570).  It  has  the  great  southern  conti- 
nent. Kohl  savs  that  the  British  Museum  Catalogue 
S3'.,  it  w.as  published  in  Madrid;  but  he  has  doiibts, 
and  thinks  if  so,  that  the  editing  was  not  done  by  a 
native  Spaniard  ;  and  he  is  inclined  to  place  it  sev- 
eral years  earlier  than  1600. 

A  map,  based  on  Wvtfliet,  in  the  America  swe 
tim'us  orlds  of  Metellus,'  was  published  at  Cologne, 
in  this  year.     Uricoechea,  no.  24. 

88.  A.  D.  1601.    America  by  Herrera. 

Ad  engraved  mai)  in  ir.c  1601  cdit;on  of  Herrera's 
Descripeion  de  las  Indias.  It  shows  the  line  of  de- 
marcation, on  both  sides  of  the  globe,  in  accordance 
with  Spanish  views.    A  distinguishing  feature  is  the 


20 


THE   KOHL  COLLECTION   OF   EARLY  MAPS. 


great  width  of  the  northern  Pacific.  It  was  renro- 
ciucc.l  m  the  edition  of  ,62.;  and  in  the  ToZ^ 
mada  of  1733  with  some  changes.  ' 

—  A.  D.  1602. 

.I,.Pm'"''a  '''•'*!'""'*  «^hart  .showing  the  east  coast  of 

ItVZ^!^"'r('  I':'='i"^«=^'  '!]  the  National  Library 
at  hlorcnce.     Cf.  .S/W/,  etc.,  ii.  no.  453.  ^ 

C.iovanni  Costo's  planisphere  of  the  old  and  new 
work],  given  by  M.  Canale  to  Edw.  U.stcr.  U.  S 
Consul  at  Genoa,  in  1844.   Cf.  SfuJ/,  etc ,  ii.  p.  ,8, 

89.  A.  D.  1606.    The  world  by  Cospedes. 

An  engraved  map  in  Ccspedcs's  R.ximUnto  de 
^'"'m^'o»,  Madrid.  ,606.  It  is  of  snnll  4e,  as  wefc 
a  I  the  maps  of  the  new  wc.rhl  published  in  Spain 

Fr/nnh"r''-''  ""^  ^^■'  '!"''  's""^'^-^  ">e  Knjdish'and 
French  discoveries  in  North  America.  The  western 
I>ne  of  demarcition  corresponds  to  Ilcrrera:  the 
eastern  is  more  favorable  to  Portugal.     The  north 

sTetcS"     ^"""'^  ""'^  ^'^'^  ^^'^  1^"'  ^i"^'y 

—  A.  D.  1608. 

tJf.^'l  ir?"'/'''^",^  Arthus's  ffistoria  Indict  orUn- 
talis,  published  at  Cologne.     Uricoechea,  no.  26. 

90.  A.  D.  1613.    The  world  by  Oliva. 

From  a  MS  portolano  preserved  in  the  Egcrton 
Si  'l^^  "'■"■f  Museum.  The  general  nup  is 
called  'Typus  orbis  terrarmn."  It  is  inscribed: 
'  roannes  Ol.va  fecit  in  civitate  MarsUlix,  Ano 
tOij.  It  has  must  of  the  points  of  llakluvfs 
map;  but  gives  South  America  better.     It  h.is  the 

oeriod"''Tf  'f '"''■'  "■"'/'"'^"-'-■"-^  continent  of  this 
pcrio  .     The  language  of  its  names  is  Italian,  occa- 

r^-!^:  t\f  •^^'  '''"'^^  'his  portolano  to  contain 
maps  of  the  east  coast  of  North  America,  of  the 
West  Indies,  and  of  South  America. 

wold" hv'nr^^''"  J^'^-^i'  '57'4.  is  a  map  of  the 
world  by  Oliva,  put  under  1609. 

Maps  of  the  world,  and  of  America  in  the  Deh-c- 
homs  Fret,  of  Hudson,  edited  by  il.  Cicrritz 

A  map  of  America  by  Michael  Mercator  in  the 
1613  edition  of  Mcrcator's  Atlas. 

—  A.  D.  1620. 


92.  A.  D.  1630.    America  by  De  Laet. 

An  cngr.avcd   map,  "  Americx   sive   Indix  occi- 

M, /-,•/,//,  published  at  Leyden  in  1630.  ilc  credits! 
HcsseU.erritj  with  making  the  maps  from  the  best 
pub  , shed  and  collected  information  «hich  I  c'l.ac 
coiil.l  gather  for  his  u.se.  North  Anvrica  above 
t.al)r.a(lor  and  Cape  Mendocino  is  omitted.  Cali- 
lornia  is  a  peninsula,  though  it  was  generally  made 
an  island  at  this  time.    South  America  is  tooVoad 

clchned.      I  here  is  no  southern  continent.     It  was 
repeated  in  the  various  editions  of  De  Laet. 


HL 


NORTH    AMERICA. 


n^^lJ^/'*^'  ''^, '■'!"'  ■'"""■  Amkkicas  co»l<u,ud  in  Section  /A 


93. 


A.  D.    1525. 


North    America 
FriesB. 


by    Lorenz 


An  atlas   bv  Salvatore   Oliva   in  the   Biblioteca 

- —  A.  n.  1625. 

Ilondius's  map  of  the  two  Americas  in  Purchas's 

—  A.  D.  1626. 

AbT.ahar&c!os.^°'"  'P'^''^  '''""^''''  ^S'-^'^d  ^y 

91.  A.  D.  1628.    The  world  (Drake's  Voyage). 

An  engraved  map  of  small  size  for  T/,c  World  en- 
compassed i}y  Sir  Francis  Drake,  London,  1 62S.  The 
southern  continent  is  called  "  Magallanica."  Cali- 
forma  is  an  island. 

The  map  is  by  Todocufi  Ifnndins,  and   is  repro- 
duced  in  the    Ilakluyt  Society's  ed.  of  The  World 
'Jom/,assed     Cf  the  Hondius'map  in  the  ,6  Ted 
of  Mercator -s  Atlas.    Cf.  Uricoechea.  nos.  29  30 


From  the     Carta  marina  Portugalensium."  made 
in  1525  hy  the  German  geogr.apher,  Friess.     What  is 
shown  of  North  America  is  the  coast  from  Yucatan 
(apparently  an  island)  well  up  the  eastern  coast  of 
the  present  United   States,  or   even   farther.     The 
continent  is  called  "  Terra  de  Cuba,  partis  affrice  " 
while  the  island,  Cuba  (not  named),  is  partly  shown. 
I  he  whole  geography  is  very  confused  and  uncer- 
tain, and  a  segment  of  a  large  land  or  island  on  the 
eastern  edge   of   the   map   may  i>erhaps,  .as   Kohl 
thinks,  stand  for  Newfoundland.     There  are  names 
on  the  map  which  we  cannot  tr.ice   to  Ayllon  or 
I  'Mice  de  Leon  ;  which  leads  Kohl  to  suspect  other 
voy.agers  on  the  coast  of  which  we  have  no  other 
knowledge.     It  very  likely  preserves  some  of  the 
sources  used  in  the  Cantino  map. 

—  A.  D.  circa  1550. 

Atlas  of  about  the  middle  of  the  century,  pre- 
served in  the  Riccardi  pal.acc  at  Florence ;  has  some 
maps  of  North  America.  Cf.  Jahrhuch  des  Verein* 
fiir  Erdkiinde  in  Dresden,  1870,  pi.  vi.  and  ix. 

94.  A.  D.  1566.  North  America  by  Zaltieri. 

A  map  engraved  on  copper  at  Venice  in  1566  It 
resembles  no.  69  for  North  America,  except  that  in 
the  present  map  the  Straits  of  Anian  separate  North 
America  from  Asia.  The  whole  of  the  northeastern 
part  IS  erroneous ;  and  it  is  not  easy  to  define  corre- 
spondences. Newfoundland  is  seemingly  a  group 
of  islands.  A  large  lake,  not  connected  with  what 
IS  apparently  meant  for  the  Saint  Lawrence,  flows 
through  a  river  called  "  S.  Lorenzo."  which  might 
stand  for  the  Penobscot.  It  is  sketched  in  the  JVar. 
and  Crit.  Hist,  of  America,  iv.  93.  It  may  be  com- 
peared with  a  map  of  Des  Liens  (North  America)  of 
this  same  year  (1566).  There  is  an  original  in 
Harvard  College  Library. 

—  A.  n.  1568. 

A  map  of   Diegus    fHomem]  preserved  in  the 
Royal  Library  at  Dresden. 

95.  A.  D.  1575.  North  America  by  Porcacchi. 

A  map  entitled,  "  Mondo  nuovo  "  in  Porcacchi's 
V  hole  pill  famose  del  mondo  (1576),  engraved  by  G, 


THE   KOHL  COLLECTION   OF  EARLY   MAPS. 


21 


erved  in  the 


Porro.    The  text  is  largely  based  on  Bordonc.    The 
i..ap   is  little  more   tlun  a  reduction   o(    Zalticri 

(""•  94)'  .  .      ,  .  .  I 

It  origin.illv  appeared  ni  the   I S72  edition  ;  and 

was  repeated  in  the  1576  edition.     It  is  sketched  in 

the  Nar.  and  Crit.  IJtst.  0/ America,  iv.  96. 

—  A.  D.  1 578. 

The  Martines  Atlas  in  the  British  Museum,  shows 
(nos.  10  and  15)  the  coasti  of  North  America.  It  is 
sketched  in  the  Nar.  atui  Crit,  Hist.  0/  America, 
iv.  97. 

96.  A.  D.  1580.  North  America  by  J.  Dee. 

A  MS.  map  iti  the  British  Museum  presented  by 
Dr.  Dec  to  Queen  Elizabeth,  but  perhaps  not  made 
by  him,  since  it  is  not  in  his  autogra|)h.  The  Cali- 
fornia coast  is  carried  well  up  beyond  the  peninsula  ; 
but  there  are  no  traces  of  Drake's  New  Albion. 
The  St.  Lawrence  Gulf  (except  the  west  coast  of 
Newfoundland)  and  river  (without  the  lakes  or  any 
corresponding  water)  is  very  well  defined.  It  is 
sketched  in  the  Nur.  and  Crit.  Hist,  of  America, 
iv.  98. 

97.  A.  D.  1582.    North  America  by  Lok. 

An  engraved  map  in  Hakluyt's  Divers  Voyages, 
1582,  since  repeated  in  the  Hakluyt  Society's  edi- 
tion of  that  book,  and  in  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist,  of 
America,  iii.  40;  iv.  44. 

98.  A.  D.  1593.  North  America  by  JudaeiB. 

Inscribed  "  Americx  pars  borealis,  Florida,  Bac- 
calaos,  Canada,  Corterealis,  a  Cornclio  de  JutUcis  in 
lucem  edita,  1593."  It  belongs  to  his  Speciilnin  Orhis 
terra.  It  is  sitetched  in  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist,  of 
America,  iv.  97. 

99.  A.  D.  1600.  North  America  by  Quaden,  or 

Quadua. 

Engraved  map  by  Mathias  Quaden,  or  Quadus, 
which  appeared  in  the  Geographisches  Haiidbiich, 
Cologne,  1600,  and  is  entitled,  "  Nova  Orbis  pars 
borealis."  The  Pacific  co.is.  Tbove  Lower  California 
is  not  shown.  The  northern  parts  are  of  the  Mer- 
cator  type.  The  Central  America  region  is  omit- 
ted. The  mountain  ranges  run  east  and  west.  It  is 
sketched  in  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist,  of  America, 
iv.  lOi. 

100.  A.  D.  1625.    North  America  [by  Briggs] 

from  Furchas. 

Engraved  map  in  Purchas's  Pilgrimes,  vol.  iii. 
Kohl  says  it  has  more  origmal  value  than  the  other 
maps  in  that  volume.  Hudson's  i5ay  is  left  with  a 
part  of  the  western  bounds  of  it  unfi.\ed,  while  the 
western  coast  of  the  continent  is  not  drawn  above 
45°,  —  indicating  by  legends  on  the  map  a  supposed 
northwest  passage.  California  is  shown  as  an  island, 
with  a  northern  limit  under  42°,  "  as  appears  by  a 
map  brought  to  London  out  of  Holland." 

—  A.  D.  1635-1636  (?) 

The  undated  America  Septentrionalis  of  Joannes 
Jannsen,  published  at  Amsterdam.  The  Noi'issima 
et  accnratissima  (otitis  Amertcir  Descriptio  per  N.  Vis- 
scher,  of  about  the  same  date.  The  English  trans- 
lation by  Henry  Hexham  of  the  Hondius-Mercator 
Atlas,  printed  at  Amsterdam  in  1636,  has  in  vol.  i.  a 


map  of  the  world,  showing  much  the  same  configu' 
ration  as  is  ^ivcn  in  vol.  ii.  in  a  general  map  of 
America,  particularly  as  regards  the  nurtliurn  parts. 

—  A.  I).  1644. 

A  map  of  America  in  an  edition  of  Linschoten, 
published  at  Amsterdam.  It  is  of  the  Mercator 
type. 

—  A.  D.  1646. 

Two  maps  of  America,  "  Pctrus  Kocrins  coelavit 
Anno  do.  1646,"  in  Speed's  Prospect  of  tlu  most 
Famous  Parts  vf  the  World,  London,  1668. 

—  A.  D.  1650. 

An  engraved  map  of  North  America  by  Sanson 
d'Abbeville.  Ilarrisse,  Notes  sttr  la  Nouv.  France, 
no.  325. 

—  A.  D.  1651. 

An  edition  of  Speed's  Prospect,  1676,  has  a  map 
of  the  world  dated  1651,  showing  North  America. 

—  A.  D.  1652. 

A  map  by  Visscher,  America  nova  descriptio,  marked 
"  Autore  N.  I.  Piscator." 

—  A.  D.  1655. 

A  map  in  America,  or  an  excut  description  of  the 
IVest  Indies. 

—  A.  D.  1656-1663. 

Dr.  Peter  Heylyn's  map  of  America,  in  his  Cos- 
moi^raphia,  Robert  Vaughan,  sculp.  There  were  later 

editions. 

—  A.  D.  1657. 

The  Am^'rique  Septentrionale  of  G.  Sanson  and 
later  editions. 

—  A.  D.  1659. 

A  "  New  and  accurate  map  of  the  world  "  in  the 
History  of  the  World,  by  Dion  Petau  or  Petavius, 
London,  1659. 

—  A.  D.  1666. 

W.  Hollar's  map  of  America.  Cf.  Catalogue  icing's 
maps  in  Brit.  Mmetim,  i.  23. 

—  A.  D.  1669. 

The  map  of  North  America  in  Blome's  Description 
of  the  World;  again  in  1670,  following  Sanson. 

—  A.  D.  1670. 

The  map  in  Ogilby's  America. 


—  A.  D.  1673-74. 

Joliet's  earliest  map,  showing  North  America,  of 
which  a  rciiroduction  is  given  in  the  Rame  de  Giog- 
raphie,  1S80,  and  in  other  places ;  and  a  sketch  m 
the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist,  of  America,  iv.  208. 

—  A.  D.  1678. 

Map  of  the  world  in  Kircher's  Mundus  Subtcrra- 
neus  (Amsterdam),  of  the  Ortelius  type. 


ii 


THE  KOHL  COLLECTION  OF  EARLY  MAPS. 


Ill 


—  A.  I>.  16S1-84. 

Fraiujueliii's  MS.  map  of  1681  made  from  Jolict's 
(lata,  ot  which  there  in  a  skutth  in  the  A'ur.  ami 
Chi.  Hiit.  o/Anieriai,  iv.  21S;  ;i  configuration  more 

t  map  t 
iv.  328. 


elaborately  worked  out  in  his  creat  map  of  iWa,  of 
of  which  there  is  a  sketch  in  Ibid.  iv.  328. 

—  A.  D.  1683. 

Hennepin's  map  of  North  America,  dated  i6Sj, 
1697.  •" 


—  A.  D.  1685-98  and  later. 

The  map  in  K.  Burton's  [N.  Crouch's]  Enplish 
Empire  in  America, 

—  A.  D.  1691. 

Map  of  North  America  in  T.eclcrcq's  J^.tahlisse- 
ntent  ik  la  Foi,  reproduced  in  .ihca's  translation  of 
that  book. 

—  A.  D.  1692-93. 

Sanson's  map  of  North  America  (t'K)!);  and  the 
map  published  at  Amsterdam  in  169,  by  Mortier. 
There  were  later  date*. 

^  A.  D.  1694. 

VAmi'rii/iie  Si'f>tcntriflnale  ai  Hubert  Jaillot:  a.id 
his  map  of  the  world  in  1696. 

—  A.  D.  1700.  ' 
Dellsle's  map  of  America. 

—  A.  D.  1702. 

The  map  of  North  America  in  CamiJ.inius'  Nyn 
Swen\'e,  of  which  there  is  a  facsimile  in  the  A'lir. 
and  Crit.  Hist,  of  America,  iv.  394. 

—  A.  D.  1709. 

La  I  lontan 's  map,  Carte  Generale  de  Canada.  The 
1703  edition  has  a  sectional  map. 

—  A.  D.  1710. 

John  Scncx's  map  of  North  America,  of  which 
there  is  a  reproduction  in  David  Mill's  Ktfort  011  the 
Boundaries  of  the  Province  of  Ontario,  Toronto,  1873. 

—  A.  P   1717. 

il^nain  Moll's  map  of  North  America,  in  his 
Jf'ui.  M  >^"s  maps  wc:.  used  in  Oldmixou's  Amer- 
Atf,  1708  ai.U  1741. 

—  A.  D.  1714-22. 

"The  Ilimisphire  septentrional  of  Guillaume  de 
lisle;  and  his  Carte  d'Amiriqtte. 

—  A.  D.  1731. 

VAmirique  mise  ati  jour  par  Danet,  Paris. 

—  A.  D.  1733. 

Henry  Popple's  Map  of  the  British  Empire  in 
America,  with  the  French  and  Spanish  Settlements 
adjacent  thereto. 


—  A.  D.  1738. 

Map  of  America  in  Keith's  Pennsylvmia. 

—  A.  n.  J  740. 

Delibte's  map  of  North  America,  of  which  there  is 
a  rei)roduction  m  Mill's  JJmnduriet  of  QHlarn),  1873. 

—  A.  D.  1741. 

Moll's  map  of   North   America   in    Oldmixon's 
lirittsh  Empire. 

—  A.  I).  1744. 

Hcllin's  map  in  the  ATouvelle  Franet  of  Charlevoix, 
and  his  map  of  the  world  i".  1748. 

—  A.  D.  1 746. 

The  Amhiijne  Sfptentrionale  of  D 'Anville ;  and 
the  Amcricit  A/appa  of  Ilomann. 

—  A.  D.I  747. 

The  North  America  of  Bovven's  Geography. 

—  A.  D.  1755-56. 

D'Anvillc's  ma|)  of  North  America,  and  the  repro- 
duction of  it,  "improved"  in  1  )ouj,'lass's  Summary 
of  the  lUitish  Selllimcnts  in  A'orth  America,  1755 
(ICnglish  edition),  'i'hc  map  in  John  IlasUe's  Present 
State  of  A'orth  America  (3(1  ed.)  showing  the  extent 
of  the  Hritish  claim  to  territory  and  the  map  (1756) 
\n  MWVs  Boundaries  of  Ontario  (1873)  showing  the 
French  claim. 

—  A.  n.  1757. 

I.'Amcrii/ue  Septentrionale,  published  by  Covens 
.ind  Mortier  at  Amsterdam;  and  that  in  Robert  de 
Vaugondv's  Atlas  Universcl. 

—  A.  D.  1760. 

L'Am<'ri,/ue,  par  Sanson  rectifih  par  Robert,  con- 
tained with  others  in  Van  der  Aa's  La  Galcrie  agria- 
/lie  du  Monde. 

—  A.  I).  1762. 

VAmirique  par  Jatmier  in  the  Atlas  Moderne. 

—  A.  n.  1763. 

I  )clisle's  VAmMque  of  1722,  corrected  by  Buache. 
Mat.  Scuttcrius'  map  of  North  America. 
Bowen's  Map  of  North  America. 

*»•  The  maps  at  this  time,  and  later,  gave  the  new  definit.jns 
of  bounds,  an  li.xed  by  the  Treaty  ol  Paris  In  1763, 


TV. 

NORTHERN  PARTS  OF  NORTH 
AMERICA. 

•»•  The  maps  in  Sections  II.  and  III.  need  to  be  consulted 
to  siipplenuHl  the  enumeration  0/  tlic  present  section. 

—  .\.  n.  \.\()C>-\G-p. 

J.  W.  Rund-iU's  map  (modern  surveys)  of  Arctic 
explorations  (Baffin's  Bay,  Hudson's  liay,  etc.)  be- 
tween these  years  is  in  Thomas  Rundall's  Voyages 


THE  KOHL  COLIECTION   OF   EARLY  MAPS. 


23 


in   Oldmixon'a 


I  'Anville ;  and 


new  definil.jDS 


tmiHirtls  the  Northwest,  iMil)llshc(l  by  the  llakluyt 
Society,  iS^y.  Scf  also  I'cirrniann  ft  "  Kartc  tier 
Arkiischcn  iiiul  Aiit.irktisLlu-n  Konioncn,  i.wi  U'>';r- 
Hicht  (Icr  KiittU'ckungsxcscliii-htf"  in  his  Geoj{r,i- 
fhisiht  AfitlheilitHgen,  xlv.  (1865)  pi.  12;  uiuJ  fir- 
I'lHiiuni^'shim/,  iv.  no.  lO,  pi.  I  ;  aiul  tli.'  map  in 
I'eschti's  UeuhicAtt  dtr  Erdkunde,  cd.  Kui'i;,  18771 
p.  28.S. 

101>  A.  D.  1503.  The  North  Atlaiitlo. 

From  a  Portugu;;8e  iiortolano,  showing  the  north- 
ern coasts,  .ihove  Nova  Scotia.  (Ircenlaiul  is 
tolcraoly  drawn  with  a  broad  expanse  of  w.ilcr 
on  the  west  ( llaflui'H  May).  A  sfcond  Greenland 
(Knuronelant)  is  drawn  as  a  peninsula  extending 
from  .Scandinavia,  as  in  earlier  ni.ips,  and  sepa. 
rateil  from  the  trim  Greenland  by  a  passage  to  the 
polar  seas. 

—  A.  D.  1303-^504. 

A  Portuguese  chart  showing  the  northeastern 
toast,  given  in  Kohl's  Disanvry  ofMiiiiie,  p  174: 
«nd  in  the  Nut:  and  Crit.  Ilist.  v/  Americu,  iv.  35. 

—  A.  D.  1 514-1  520. 

The  coast  from  Nova  Scotia  to  Labrador,  as 
shown  in  a  sketch  given  in  (he  X.tr.  and  Crit.  Hist, 
of  America,  iii.  56.  It  is  a  j/oili(m  of  a  chart  giving 
a  large  part  of  the  coast.  Cf.  Kohl,  l)isanu-ry  of 
Maine,  p.  179;  Stevens'  A'otes,  and  Kunstmann's 
Atlas. 

—  A.  D.  1522-1525. 
A  map  of  Lorenz  Friess  in  the  Ptolemy  ol  1522 

shows  Greenland  as  an  elongated  island  in  the  N.  W. 
of  Europe.  There  is  a  facsimile  of  it  in  Norden- 
skiiild's  liroderna  Zenos,  Stockholm,  18S3.  This  map 
is  not  contained  in  the  1525  edition  of  Ptolcmv,  where 
a  map,  "Tab.  nova  Norbergia;  et  Gotti:v, '  shows 
Greenland  as  a  much  broader  peninsula  of  North- 
western l':urc(pe,  called  "  Engronelant."  No.  49  of 
the  1525  edition  is  still  another  delineation,  repre- 
senting "  Gronlanda  "  as  a  long,  narrow  peninsula  ex- 
tending southwesterly  from  the  northwest  of  Europe. 
A  reproduction  of  this  map,  ascribed  to  Anciparins, 
the  editor  of  the  I'tolemy  of  1522,  is  giver,  in  Wit- 
sen's  Noorden  Oost  Tarlurye,  vol.  ii.  (1705). 

102.  A.  D.  1525.  Labrador  and  Greenland,  by 
Lorenz  Friesa. 

From  the  atlas  of  Lorenz  Friess,  1525,  Labrador 
is  called  "Terra  nova  Conter.iti"  (of  Cortereal), 
who  is  said  in  a  legend  to  have  discovered  it  in  1510, 
instead  of  1501.  The  abundance  of  herring  and  stock- 
fish (cod)  on  the  coast  is  mentioned.  The  southern 
part  of  Greenland  is  cast  of  Davis  Straits.  "Terra 
laboratoris  "  is  made  an  island,  west  of,  and  near  to 
the  lower  point  of  Greenland.  The  Azores  (Has 
Axagoras)  are  shown. 

—  A.  D.  1532. 

A  map  in  Zicglcr's  Scondia,  etc.,  published  in  Stras- 
lurg,  and  again  in  15^6,  gives  a  sweep  of  unbroken 
co.ast  which  he  calls  "Terra  Baccalaos,"  "  Ulteriora 
Gronlandia."  "  Incocnita."  Hoth  editions  are  in  the 
Cartcr-Hrown  Library  {Catalogue,  i.  nos.  103,  120). 
There  are  copies  of  the  1532  edition  in  the  Collec- 
tions of  Mr.  Chas.  Deane  and  Mr.  Jas.  Carson  Bre- 
voort. 


103.  A.  i».  1534.  L*br»«or  by  Bordonu. 

Engraved  map  in  his  Isolario,  Venice,  «S34-  J'^" 
country  is  called  "  Terra  de  lavoratorc  ;  and  it  i» 
the  earliest  extension  of  a  large  island  which  inay. 
as  Kohl  thinks,  staiul  lor  North  America,  whose 
S.  W.  point  is  separated  by  a  Htrait  from  the  "  Mo.ulu 
Novo''  (South  America).  If  this  conjecture  is  cor- 
rect the  Htrait  corresponds  to  such  a  passage,  a» 
shown  in  other  maps  of  this  time.  In  the  ocean  arc 
the  islands,  "  Asmaide,"  "  Urcsil,"  and  "  Astorc*.' 

104.  A.  D.  1542.    Northeast  Coast,  by  Rota. 

Fiom  Kotz's  MS.  liooke  of  Idroi^raphy  m  the 
Ihiti.ih  Museum.  It  show.^  "New  fonde  I^rde 
broken  into  islands  ;  ilie  co.ast  north  of  the  straits 
of  lielle  Isle.  A  compass  conceals  what  was  per- 
haps intended  for  Davis  or  Hudson's  Straits; 
and  then  noith  of  this  a  curved  peninsida  marked 
"Cosi  of  Labr.idor,"  which  seems  to  be  Greenland, 
extends  towards  "  Islonde."  Kohl  points  out  its  re- 
semblance to  the  Henri  II.  or  Dauphin  map  (sec 
sub  no.  58). 

—  A.  D.  1544. 

The  sectional  maps  of  the  Northeast  coast,  by 
Jean  Allefonsce,  of  which  sketches  are  given  in  the 
A'ar.  and  Crit.  Ilist.  of  America,  iv.  74-77-  One 
of  them  is  reproduced  in  Weise's  Discnerut  of 
Ameriui, 

—  A.  D.  xvi.  cent. 

Various  maps,  showing  the  Northeast  coasU  of 
North  America,  and  extracted  in  part  from  mappe- 
tnondes,  are  sketched  in  the  Nar.  and  Cnt.  //ist.  of 
America,  iv.  81  et  seq.  .       ■       t.       1 

Poiiugucse  atUises  preserved  in  the  Royal  ar- 
chives and  in  the  liiblioteca  Riccardiana  at  Flor- 
ence, which  show  this  coast,  are  mentioned  in  the 
Studi  biog.  e  bibliog.  de  la  soc.  ital.,  ii.  nos.  451,  452. 

—  A.  D.  1547- 

The  map  of  Scandinavia  in  Bordone  represents 
"  Engronelant  "  as  a  peninsula  of  Europe. 

—  A.  D.  1548. 

The  "  Delia  Terra  nova  Bacalaos  "  by  Gastaldi 
in  the  Italian  Ptolemy  of  1548,  of  which  there  is  a 
sketch  in  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist,  of  America,  iv.  88. 

—  A.  D.  circa  1553. 

Gastaldi's  map,  Nnmia  Francia,  which  appeared 
in  the  third  volume  of  Ramusio  in  1556.  There 
are  facsimiles  of  it  in  the  Nar.  and  rr,t.  Hist,  of 
America,  iv.  91 ;  and  in  Weise's  Discoveries  of  America, 
P-  356- 


105.  A.  D.  1558.  Iceland  by  A.  Mercator. 

—  A.  D.  I561. 

Ruscelli's  Tierra  Niiei'a  in  the  Ptolemy  of  this 
year,  showing  the  cr^st  fr-m  Florida  to  Labrador. 
There  arc  skctche-  ot  u  i  .ap  in  Kohl's  Disccnery 
of  Maine,  233;  Lclewel,  i.:og.  .h  Moyen  Age,  170; 
and  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist,  of  America,  w.  gz. 

This  edition  has  also  a  map,  Sc'iff.'tidia,  v/hirn 
shows  a  peninsula  north  of  "  Thyle  "  and  beyond  the 
"  Mare  Congelatum,"  which  is  a  supposable  Green- 
land. 


24 


THE  KOHL   COLLECTION  OF   EARLY  MAPS. 


106.  A.  D.  1562.  The  North  Atlantic  from  the 
Ptolemy  of  1562. 

This  is  an  engraved  reproduction  of  the  Zeni  map 
which  had  been  first  published  in  1558,  and  had  been 
followed  m  1561  by  Ruscelli.  To  the  present  Ptol- 
emy copy  by  Moletta,  that  cartographer  adds  a  note 
saying  that  its  geography  is  confirmed  by  modern 
navigators,  "  as  we  know  by  letters  and  marine  chart , 
sent  to  us  from  divers  parts." 

See  bibliographical  memoranda  relating  to  th  • 
Zeni  map  and  its  influence  in  Winsor's  Biblios.  of 
Ptolemy,  sub  anno  x^dz. 


I    —  A.  D.  1585-87. 

A  modern  map  showing  Davis's  explorations  is 
given  in  the  Ilakluyt's  Society's  edition  of  Davis's 
I  oyages,  p.  i. 


—  A.  D.  1562. 

An  engraved  map  of  the  east  coast  cf  North 
America  from  Cape  Breton  to  Florida  made  bv 
Diego  Guitierrez,  the  cosmographcr  of  King  Philip, 
and  engraved  by  Cock. 

—  A.  D.  1567. 

"  Gruntlandia  "  (Greenland)  is  shown  in  a  n  ap  of 
the  northern  regions  in  Olar  Mai;ni  Ilistorh.  pub- 
lished this  year  at  Basle.  There' is  a  facsimile  of 
the  map  m  Nordenskiold's  Briiderna  Zenos,  Stock- 
holm, 1883. 

—  A.  D.  1570. 

A  map  of  the  North  Atlantic  by  Stephanius,  based 
on  Icelandic  sources,  given  by  Kohl  in  his  Discowry 
of  Maine,  p.  107,  and  in  Weisc's  Discmrries  of  Amcr- 
'i"',?-^^-  Ortelius  gave  this  year  in  his  Theatrum 
UrOis  Terrarum,  a  map  of  the  northern  regions  which 
he  called  "  Septentrionaliuin  Regionum  Descrip  " 
showing  "  Estotilant  "  (apparently  a  part  of  the  main), 
with  "  Oroclant,"  "  Groenlant,"  "  Drogeo,"  "  Islant." 
and  "  Frislant  "  as  islands  in  the  north  Atlantic.  It 
was  repeated  in  the  editions  of  Ortelius  of  1575, 
1584,  and  1592.  There  were  new  engravings  of  it  in 
Minister  s  Cosmographia  in  1595  ;  and  in  the  Cologne- 
Arnheim  edition  of  Ptolemy  m  1597. 

107.  A.  D.  1575  (.')  Northeast  Coast. 

From  a  MS.  Portuguese  map  in  the  British  xVIu- 
seum,  inscribed  :  "On  the  20th  Nov.  1580,  a  Portu- 
guese, Fernando  Simon,  lent  this  map  to  John  Dee 
in  Mortlake.and  a  servant  of  Dee  copied  it  for  him." 
It  shows  the  coast  from  Cape  Breton,  north  to  Hud- 
son's Straits.  The  St.  Lawrence  gulf  i.  given,  but 
not  the  river.  Newfoundland  is  broken  into  islands 
rhe  map  resembles  that  of  Freire  of  11546  (no.  58)  • 
but  does  not  suggest  Dee's  own  map"  of  i  cSo,  as 
sketched  in  the  Nar.  and  Grit.  Hist,  of  America, 
IV.  98.  -^  ' 

108.  A.  D.  1578.    Frobisher'c  Discoveries. 

Taken  from  a  map  in  Best's  Tnie  Discourse,  Lon- 
don, i  578,  and  confirming  Frobishcr's  own  niaj)  of  the 
world  (no.  78).  There  is  an  engraving  of  no.  loS  in 
Collmsoii  s  Frobishcr's  Voyagts,  1867,  published  by 
the  Hakluyt  Society. 


109.  A.  D.  1580.  The  Polar  Regions  by  Dee. 

It   represents    the    polar    islands   of    Merrntnr ; 
Greenland  as  a  long  island,  with  Jistotilaiid  as  an' 
island  of  uncertain  limits,  southwest  of  Greenland 
"Icaria,"  "Frislant,"  and   "Tula  ins.^'  lie  cast  of 
Greenland.    Dr.  Kohl  has  not  annotated  it. 


110.  A.  n.  1587.  Northeast  Coast. 

From  a  manuscript  atlas  in  the  British  Museum, 
inscribed  :  Livre  dc  la  Marine  du  Pilote  Pastoret 
/<7//,  1587.  S.  F.  M.  Dr.  Kohl  thinks  the  name 
may  be  "  Pralut  "  or  perhaps  "  Pastcrot."  It  shows 
the  coast  from  Cape  Breton  to  La  Mer  Glacee.  New- 
foundland IS  a  group  of  islands.  The  straits  of  Belle 
Isle  IS  marked  as  where  Cartier  passed.  The  Green- 
land region  resembles  No.  104. 

111.  A.  D.  1592.  Northeast  Coast  by  Molineaux. 

An  extract  from  Molineaux's  globe  in  the  Middle 
Temple,  London,  showing  the  St.  Lawrence  river 
and  gulf;  Newfoundland  as  islands;  Davis  Straits 
and  Greenland.  Molineaux  had  Davis's  charts,  now 
lost.  Probisher's  Strait  is  made  to  separate  the 
southern  part  of  Greenland  from  an  island,  — an 
error  long  perpetuated.  There  is  a  sketch  of  this 
part  of  the  globe  in  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist,  of 
America,  iii.  213. 

112.  A.  D.  1592.  Polar  Regions  by  Molineaux. 

From  his  1592  globe.  Shows  the  north  of  Europe 
and  Asia,  but  of  America  it  gives  only  the  north- 
east coast  of  Greenland.  It  omits  Mercator's  Polar 
islands,  in  which  Moliue.aux  finds  no  ground  for 
belief. 

113.  A.  D.  1597.  Labrador  and  Greenland  by 

Wytfliet. 

The  engr.-ivcd  map  "  Estotilandia  et  Laboratoris 
terra"  in  Wytfiict's  continuation  of  Ptulemv.  It 
shows  both  coasts  of  "  Fretum  Joan  Davis,'"'  and 
bears  a  resemblance  to  this  part  of  the  Molineaux 
globe  (no.  iii).  The  erroneous  Frobisher's  Straits 
(south  of  Greenland)  are  drawn,  bm  not  named. 
Frisland  lies  an  island  southeast  of  Greenland, 
of  which  it  really  was  in  Kohl's  view  the  southern 
part. 

Another  Wytfliet  map,  "  Nova  Francia  ct  Canada, 
'597."  IS  given  in  facsimile  in  the  Nar.  and  Crit. 
Hist,  of  America,  iv.  loo.  A  third  map  of  Wyt- 
fliet shows  the  coast  from  the  St.  Lawrence  gulf 
to  South  Carolina.  A  fourth  represents  the  aichi- 
I)tlago  of  Newfoundland  (as  he  understood  it)  and 
Labrador. 


114. 


D.  1598.   The  North  Atlantic,  Ed.  Ptol- 
emy. 

The  map  "Scandia"  in  the  1598  (Venice)  edition 
of  Ptolemy,  translated  into  Italian  by  Cernot.  A 
well-known  Italian  cartographer  is  known  to  have 
made  some  of  the  maps  of  this  edition,  and  may 
have  made  this.  The  American  shore  is  based  on 
the  Zeni  map. 

115.  A.  D.  i59-(?)   Greenland  and  Ireland. 

This  is  called  by  Dr.  Kohl  "an  En^li.h  map, 
159-.'  but  he  gives  no  further  information.  It 
shows  the  eastern  shore  of  Greenland,  the  erroneous 
"  Forboshar's  Straits,"  the  islands  "  Freeseland  " 
and  "Iseland." 


THE   KOHL  COLLECTION   OF   EARLY   MAPS. 


25 


f  Molineauz. 


■  Molineanz. 


116.  A.  D.  160- ?  North  Polar  regions  by  Mer- 

cator. 

Engraved  map  of  <i  part  of  the  nnrthern  hemi- 
sphere (above  60°  lat.)  in  the  Miraitor-I/omlius 
Atlas,  Amsterdam,  1630 ;  but  it  is  assigned  to  Gc- 
rardus  Mercator  himself ;  and  was  made,  as  Kohl 
thinks,  a  little  before  Mercator's  death  in  1594. 
Kohl  also  calls  it  the  first  time  the  projection  was 
used,  which  makes  the  north  pole  the  centre.  He 
represents  the  four  large  islands  round  the  pole, 
which  Mercator, getting  the  idea  from  Cnoyen,  was  the 
first  at  an  earlier  date  to  introduce  into  maps,  and 
between  which  he  supposes  the  oceans  to  flow  to  the 
pole,  where  the  superfluous  water  is  absorbed  by  the 
south.  He  places  the  magnetic  pole  under  74°,  on 
a  line  from  the  pole  to  the  Straits  of  Anian,  —  also 
thought  by  Kohl  a  first  attempt  to  locate  such  pole, 
but  he  forgets  the  attempts  of  Ruysch,  Martin  Cortes, 
and  Sanuto.  Greenland  is  made  an  island  with  de- 
fined northern  capes.  The  land  about  Davis's  Straits 
is  shown  much  in  the  same  way  as  in  the  Molineaux 
globe  of  1592  (no.  in).  Mercator  gives  the  same 
large  inland  fresh-water  sea  in  northern  Canada,  with 
connection  with  the  polar  'ocean. 

A  similar  map  on  a  smaller  scale,  extending  only 
to  60°  N.  lat.  is  given  in  I'urchas,  iii.  625,  as 
"  Hondus  his  map  of  the  Arctic  Pole." 

117.  A.  b.  1600.   Arctic  regions. 

An  engraved  map  in  De  Bry's  Iiidi<v  Orientalis, 
tertid  pars,  1601,  where  it  appears  without  other 
explanation  than  that  it  was  made  by  "  Wilhelmus 
Uernardus  "  (Barent??,  the  Dutch  navigator).  Kohl 
and  Markham  suppose  it  to  have  been  made  by 
Barentsz  on  his  third  voyage,  1596-97.  The  parts 
of  America  shown  are  Greenland,  Fretum  Davis, 
and  Estotiland.  Nfirkham  says  regarding  the  fac- 
simile of  the  original  map  which  api)ears  in  the 
Hakluyt  Society's  edition  of  Barcittz'  Three  Voyages, 
that  "the  map  was  first  published  in  1599  by  Cor- 
nelius Jlaeszoon  in  the  second  part  of  the  abridged 
Latin  edition  of  Linschoten's  Itiiierarium  ;  but  it  is 
wanting  in  some  copies." 

This  may  be  compared  with  the  Arctic  parts  of 
the  map  of  the  world  by  Molineaux,  as  reproduced 
by  the  llakluyt  Society  in  1S80. 

—  A.  D.  1600. 

A  map  by  Metcllus,  "  Estotilandia  ct  Laboratoris 
terra."  It  shows  "  Groenlandiae  i)ars,"  "  Islandia," 
"  Frisland,"  and  "  Tcrre  de  Laborador." 

—  A.  D.  1601. 

Ilarrisse,  Cabots,  p.  201,  refers  to  a  beautifully 
executed  map  of  the  Atlantic,  marked:  "  1601,  R. 
Dieppe  par  Guillemme  Levasscur  le  13  de  Juillet." 

118.  A.  D.  1608.  Greenland. 

A  little  map,  showing  a  small  part  of  "Groen- 
lant,"  marked  also  "  Hold  with  Hope."  Kohl 
credits  it  to  Hudson,  but  gives  no  exp'  'nation. 


—  A.  D.  1609. 

The  niaj)  in  Lescarbot's  A^oiivcUi^  France,  of  which 
there  are  sections  in  facsimile  in  the  iVar.  and 
Crit.  Hist,  of  America,  iv.  r  50,  152,  374,  378.  It 
is  also  reproduced  in  the  Paris  reprint  and  else- 
where. 


A  map  of  about  1610,  preserved  in  the  French 
archives,  and  of  which  there  is  a  copv  in  the  Mass. 
Arc/lives,  is  sketched  in  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist,  of 
Imerica,  vol.  iii. 

—  A.  D.  1611. 

A  map  by  Jodocus  Ilondius  explaining  Barentz's 
third  voyage,  which  appeared  in  the  Latin  ed.  of 
I'ontanus's  Avisterdam,  161 1,  and  in  the  Dutch  ed. 
of  1C14.  It  is  given  in  facsimile  in  Asher's  Henry 
Hudson  the  Navigator,  published  by  the  Hakluyt  So- 
ciety, i860.  It  is  called  "Tabula  Geogr.  in  qua 
admirandx  navigationis  Cursus  et  recursus  desig- 
natur." 

—  A.  D.  16—. 

Hondius's  map  of  Iceland  is  given  in  Purchas, 
iii.  644. 

119.  A.  D.  1612.  Arctic  Regions  by  Hudson. 

Hudson's  chart  of  his  northern  exped'.cion  be- 
tween Greenland  and  Hudson's  Bay.  Kohl  makes 
no  comments  on  this  map,  which  follows  an  en- 
graved chart  in  De  Bry's  Jndicc  Orientalis,  pars  x, 
1613.  A  facsimile  is  given  in  Asher's  Hudson  the 
Navigator,  published  by  the  Hakluyt  Society,  i860. 
It  is  called  Tabula  Nantica,  .  .  .  anno  1612. 

120.  A.  D.  161 2.    The  same. 

On  this  copy  Kohl  remarks  upon  the  absence  of 
any  reference  to  the  map  in  Dc  Bry's  text,  which  he 
supposes  was  copied  —  as  would  appear  to  be  the 
case — by  De  Bry  from  Hudson's  own  chart  in  the 
Dcscriptio  ac  dcli'ncatio  gcographica  detectionis  freti  .  .  . 
ah  Henrico  Hudsono  Anglo,  Amsterdam,  1612;  and 
again  1613.  There  are  copies  in  Harvard  College 
library.  Cf.  Camus,  Memoire  snr  de  Bry,  p.  258. 
The  Portuguese  designation  is  given  to  Newfound- 
land,—"llha  de  Bacalhao." 

—  A.  D.  1612-13. 

The  IIondius-Mcrcator  atlas  of  1613.  This  has 
two  maps  of  Europe,  which  include  Greenland  and 
adjacent  parts,  — one  is  by  Ilondius,  the  other  by 
Mercator. 

A  portolano  (1613)  of  Johannes  Oliva  of  Mar- 
seilles, in  the  liritish  Museum,  in  a  chart  of  the 
north  Atlantic  gives  the  east  coast  of  America  from 
Norumbega  to  Hatteras.  Newfoundland  is  better 
drawn  than  before,  but  Oliva  seems  to  have  been 
ignorant  of  Lescarbot's  map. 

Champlain's  maps  of  161 2  and  1613.  That  of 
1612  extends  from  the  southern  side  of  Cape  Cod  to 
Labrador,  and  that  of  161 3,  though  different,  covers 
about  the  same  range  of  coast.  They  are  repro- 
duced in  the  Quebec  nd  Boston  editions  of  Cham- 
plain,  and  in  the  A'ar.  and  Crit.  Hist,  of  America, 
iv.  380-382. 

121.  A.  D.  161 5.  Hudson  Straits  by  BafHn. 

The  original  MS.  map  ij  in  the  British  Museum. 
A  colored  facsimile  is  given  in  Baffin's  Voyages,  pub- 

niiliftl  tjy  tlic  ilakitiyi  '•-i",  i.->..>  ,  . --  n- ■  -■' 

in  outline  in  Kundall's  i'oyages  tmvards  the  Aortn- 
uvst,  published  by  the  same  society,  1849.  The 
chart  represents  Baflin's  fourth  voyage.  Capt.  Buck 
in  1836  was  the  next  to  follow  this  route. 


26 


THE   KOHL   COLLFXTION   OF  EARLY   MAPS. 


—  A.  D.  1616,  ttc. 

Petcrmann  in  liis  Gcos^inphischf  Mittlieiluiis;,-u,  vol. 
xiii.  (I.S67),  \>\.  6,  gives  a  nia]),  "Das  nordliclistc 
I,aiKl  (Icr  l'>(lc  ciittlcckt  1616  !)is  1S61,"  iiicluiliiig 
Pylot  and  liattin's  nia|)  (i6i6),  Koss  (1S18),  Inglc- 
ficld  (1852),  Kane  (1855),  and  Hayes  (iS6i). 

122.  A.  D.  1619.    Hudson's  Straits  and  Bay. 

An  cnRravcd  map  in  La  Pcyr6rc's  Reciieil  </,•  Vov- 
a^'ciiii  A'ord,  made  as  that  editor  says  after  IJanisii 
authorities,  —  ])ossiljly  ropresentinp;  Muniv's  voyage 
in  161S-19,  who  named  the  straits  and  bay  after 
King  Christian.  Uatiin's  Hay  becomes  "  Gulf  f)avis." 
The  malcer  of  tlie  chart  was  not  aware  siciningly  of 
Hudson's  explorations  in  the  southern  paits  of  Hud- 
son's Hay. 

The  same  or  a  similar  map  ajipcars  in  La  Pcy- 
rire's  Kelation  du  Gyoenland,  I'aris,  1647  'i"J  i60j. 

—  A.  D.  1C24. 

Sir  Wm.  Alexander's  map,  in  Pnrclias,  of  which 
apart  is  given  in  facsimile  in  the  Nar.anJ  Cril.Jlist. 
of  America,  iii.  306. 

—  A.  D.  1624-30. 

The  map  by  Chapclain,  appearing  in  Lsaac  de  La 
Pcyrere's  Kcla/ioii  jii  Giwntaiui,  Paris,  1 663,  is  re- 
jiroduced  in  an  iMiglish  translation  in  the  volume  on 
.S/<itz/'eiXt-ii  and  Gi,ciiliiiid,  published  by  the  Hakluvt 
Society  in  1835.  'I'lio  La  I'eyrcre  h\-l'ntioii  refers  to 
a  map  "per  Martinum  liliiiiu  Arnokli,  ano  1624  i^ 
1625,"  which  had  been  used  in  the  constniction  of  it ; 
and  which  was  then  preserved  in  the  library  of  Caidi- 
nal  iMazarin  ;  also  to  a  map  made  by  Capt.  Munck 
on  his  voyage,  re[)rinteil  with  his  narrative,  which 
agrees  with  a  map  of  Hudson,  owned  by  Chapclain. 
The  same  Hakluvt  .Society  volume  contains  the  map 
of  Orcenland  accompanying  Ivlward  I'ellham's  God's 
J\ni)erniid Priyi'ideiHc slit-ivtd in  tlic  .  .  .  dclivcrauic of 
eii:;ht  luii;lis/imi'n  left  in  Giccnland,  1630,  published 
in  London,  i63[. 

123.  A.  D.  1625.  Greenland. 

An  engraved  map  in  Purchas's  Pil^imes,  iii.  472. 
Kohl  has  not  ccimmented  on  it,  e.\ce])t  to  call  it 
Siiitzbergen,  which  it  seems  to  be,  instead  of  the 
modern  GrecMlaiul.  Luke  Fox's  map  (i('>33)  also 
calls  the  Asiatic  Island  by  the  name  of  Greenland. 

124.  A.  D.  1631.  Hudson's  Bay  and  Greenland 

by  Capt.  James. 

An  engraved  map  in  Capt.  'riiomas  James's  S/raiii^c' 
and  /)<!/i!,^,n>/ts  I'ovin^v,  1633,  inscribed  "The  platt 
of  sayling  for  the  discoveiye  of  a  Passage  into  the 
South  Sea,  1631,  1632."  Kohl  calls  it  the  earliest 
map  of  Hudson  Pay  giving  the  entire  shore  from 
observation.  His  latiindes  ^le  nearly  correct:  he 
omits  longitudes.  There  is  a  facsimile  of  part  of  it 
in  the  A'ar.  and  Crit.  Hist,  of  America,  iii.  96. 

12s.  A.  D.  1633.  Northern  parts  by  Fox. 

An  engraved  map  in  Luke  Fox's  iWntlnveaste 
Foxc,  London,  1633.  It  shows  the  east  coast  of 
North  .Anvirica  froui  the  Hudson  River,  including 
Hudson's  and  P.Ttrin's  liavs,  to  ("irecnland,  and  the 
west  oast  above  Cape  Meiulocino  to  a  point  north 
of  the  straits  which  sei)arated  what  was  then  sup- 
posed to  be  the  Island  of  California  at  its  northern 
end  from  the  main. 


—  A.  D.  1636,  etc. 

Maps  of  liaffin's  Pay  by  Luke  Fox  (163G),  Hex- 
ham's Mercator-Hondius  (1636),  Moll  (1706),  Har- 
rington ( 181S),  and  modern  charts  are  given  in  Mark- 
ham's  royaxc  of  IVilliam  Baffin,  published  by  the 
Hakluyt  Society,  iSSi.  The  Fox  map  is  reproduced 
in  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist,  of  Amcriui,  iii.  98. 

—  A.  D.  i64.t-C3. 

An  engraved  map  of  Iceland  I)y  Du  Val  in  La 
Pcyrere's  Relation  de  Tlslande,  Pans,  1663. 

—  A.  n.  1646. 

Robert  Dudley's  map  of  the  St.  Lawrence  and  ad- 
jacent (larts,  continued  in  \\\f.  Arcano  d-t  Mart  (Flor- 
ence, 1647),  p.  52  ;  and  sketched  in  the  A'ar.  and  Crit. 
Jlist.  of  America,  iv.  3S8.  It  is  called  in  Dudley  : 
"D  'America  Carta  prima." 

—  A.  i>.  1656. 

Sanson's  I.e  Canada  includes  the  region  about 
Hudson's  Pay. 

—  A.  D.  1660. 

The  Tabula  NoTiT  Franciir  of  Du  Creux  or  Crcux- 
iiis,  of  which  a  portion  is  given  in  facsimile  in  the 
A'ar.  and  Crit.  Hist,  of  America,  iv.  3S9. 

—  A.  D.  i66r. 

North  America  in  the  Zee-Atlas  of  Van  Loon. 

—  A.  D.  1662. 

"A  chart  of  Hudson's  Straights  and  Bay,  of 
Davis's  Straights  an<l  Haffm's  Pay,  as  i)ublished  in 
the  year  1662,"  is  given  in  T.  S.  Drage's  Account  of 
a  Voyat^e  for  the  J^is.^n'ery  of  a  A'orthwest  passage, 
London,  1749,  vol.  ii. 

126.  A.  D.  1669.  Greenland  by  Goos. 

An  engraved  map  in  Metro  dc  la  Goos's  Atlas  de 
la  marine,  Amsterdam,  11)69.  He  makes  I'"robisher's 
•Straits  cut  off  the  southern  end  of  (beenland,  and 
gives  inanv  names,  unknown  in  earlier  m.ips,  to  the 
shore  of  Greenl.iiul,  opposite  Keland  ;  while  Dutch 
lu'.mes  on  the  western  coast  would  indicate  explora- 
tions by  Hollaiideis  in  that  region. 

127.  A.  D.  16S5.  Hudson's  Bay  by  Jaillot. 

It  shows  the  French  and  F.nglish  i)osts:  and  Kohl 
says  the  information  is  drawn  almost  entirely  from 
t"anadian  sources. 

Pleau's  atl '  of  16S5  gives  maps  showing  the  north- 
ern parts. 

—  A.  D.  16S7. 

Monlen's  nia])s  in  Plome's  Present  state  of  His 
Majesty'' s  Isles  and  Territories  in  America. 

—  A.  D.  1716 (?) 

Delisle's  Carte  du  Canada  shown  also  the  polar 
regions.  It  is  also  in  the  atlas  published  by  Covens 
and  Mortier  at  Amsterdam. 


THE   KOHL  COLLECTION   OF  EARLY  MAPS. 


27 


c  region  about 


wing  the  north- 


—  A.  D.  1720. 

C  O  /orpdraRcrs.  Groetilandscfie  Vissc/iery,  i\m- 
stcviUun,  I720,h;i<i  1.  ,'s«'f  Hi'--  '""l'"-  rcKionsClrccn- 
laiul  and  Iciland,  vliidi  arc  rcpcatcil  ni  the  l.i>- 
pcnhaKcn  edition  "f  1727-  I'Vobislicr's  Straits  arc 
rci)rcscntedas  cutting  oil  the  southern  i)art  ot  Orccn- 
iand. 


132.  A.  D.  1747.  Wager's  Bay  by  EUia. 

An  inlet  in  the  northwest  part  of  IIudson|s  Bay, 
mapped    by  Lllis,  wlio    accompanied 
Moor. 


—  A,  I).  1728- 

The   Alliis    marilimns  et   Comvieremlls,   T-ondon, 
172S,  has 


Smith 
It  was  named  on  Middieton's  voyage. 


and 


—  A.  D.  1746-47- 

A  map  of   Hudson's  Bay  and  adjacent  parts  in 
the   German   edition  of    Henry   Ellis's   /vVw  nach 


a  map  of  the  St.  Lawrence  Gulf,  antl  the 
Northeastern  coasts. 

128.  A.  D.  circa  1730.  Between  Lake  Superior 

and  Hudson's  Bay. 

A  MS.  map  by  Dc  la  Vcranderie  preserved  in  the 
DenAl  de  la  Marine  in  Paris.  "  IX.nncc  par  Mon- 
.sieur  de  la  Oalissoniere,  1750."  ,  It  shows  tj.e  coun- 
try between  Lake  Superior  and  Hudson  Lay,  wilU 
its  waters  and  portages,  and  forts  and  tradmg-iiosts. 

129.  A.  D.  1730.   Country  Northwest  of  Lake 

Superior. 

An  Indian  map,  made  by  Ochagach,  preserved  in 
the  Depot  de  la  Marine,  showing  water-ways  .and 
nortaees.  Kohl  supposes  it  to  have  been  carried  to 
Europe  by  De  la  Vcranderie,  who  used  it  m  compd- 
ing  map  no.  128. 

130.  A.  D.  1740.  Hudson  Bay  Country. 

Kohl  calls  this  map  a  sketch  of  the  territory  ex- 
plored bv  De  la  Vcranderie,  and  says  the  ongmal  in 
the  Depot  de  la  Marine  at  I'aris  is  called,  "Carte 
dcs  Nouvclles  decouvxrtes  dans  I'ouest  du  Canada 
ct  des  nations  <|ui  y  habitent.  Dressee,  dil-on,  sur 
les  Mcmoires  de  Monsieur  de  la  Vcranderie,  mais 
fort  iniparfaite  a  ce  <iu'il  m'a  (lit.  Donnee  an  Ddpot 
de  la  Marine  par  Monsieur  de  la  Galissoniere  en 
1750." 

—  A.  D.  I74I. 

An  engraved  map  of  Greenland  in  Hans  Egcde's 
GrMami,  Copenhagen,  1741  ;  repeated  in  th^  Ger- 
man edition,  Coiieiihagcn,  1742;  ^'hI  called  Gr0n- 
landia  Anticiua  ;  "  also  in  the  liachrahiuj^von  Oron- 
laud,  translated  by  Kriinitz,  licrlin,  i7i)3' 

Cf.  the  mai)  by  I'aul  Egede  in  his  EJtcrretmnser 
om  GtinUvid,  Copenhagen,  17S9. 

—  A.  D.  1742- 

The  northeastern  coasts  in  the  Englhh  Pilot  of 
1742  and  later  dates. 


131.  A.  D.  1746.    Northwest  parts  of  Hudson 
Bay. 

An  engraved  map  in  The  ProhahiUty  of  a  North- 
west  f'ass<,i;c;  hy  Theodore  Suniine  Drage,  clerk  of  the 
"  California"  (one  of  the  ships),  I-ondon,  i7Ch\  pur- 
porting to  record  discoveries  of  Capt.  Smith  and 
Capt.  Moor  in  17  t<>-47-  IJr^g'-'  accompanied  Smith 
and  Moor  on  this  voyage.  ,    ,     •. 

Tiierc  is  a  cluut  of  Hiid"~r,n  T..iy  and  straits  ac- 
cordini-  to  the  discoveries  between  lOioand  1743  "> 
Dragc'i  Aeeonnt  of  a  Voyage  for  the  Diseiwery  of  a 
Northwest  passage,  London,  1748,  vol.  1.,  and  m  vol. 
ii.  the  same  map  as  that  used  by  Kohl. 


llie    \jeinnii    ^vtiifii    *"     .*wjiry    ^ -^ 

Hudson's  meerbuseu,  Giittingen,  1750-  ,  ' '"«  '"•'^P.  '^ 
not  in  the  Harvard  College  copies  of  the  English 
and  French  editions. 


133.  A.  D.  174S.  Hudson's  Bay  by  Ellis. 

An  engraved  map  in  Henry  Ellis's  Voyage  to  Hud- 
son's h'av,  London,  17.JS,  an  .account  of  the  expedi- 
tion of  Francis  Smith  and  \Vm.  Moor.  I  he  map 
was  re-engraved  in  the  German  edition,  Gottingen, 
17=0;  aiul  in  the  French  edition,  Paris,  1749.  It 
shows  the  region  from  California  to  Greenland,  and 
north  of  Lake  ICrie.  The  expedition  was  fitted  out 
bv  Eondon  merchants,  and  after  rarlianient  in  1743 
had  offered  A^cooo  for  the  discovery  of  a  north- 
west passage.  Kohl  remarks  that  the  discoveries  of 
Hudson,  liatfin,  Fox,  and  James  are  not  well  delin- 
eated by  Ellis. 

134.  A.  D.  1763.  Hudson  Bay  by  Bellin. 

Without  comment  by  Kohl. 

135.  A.  D.  1774.  Hudson's  and  Baffin's  Bays  by 

Samuel  Dun. 

An  engraved  map,  showing  all  the  inlets  of  Hud- 
son's Hay  dosed  up  at  their  interior  extremities,  m- 
di.ating  the  end  of  the  belief  in  a  westerly  p.assage 
Ijcing  discovered  through  any  of  them.  Baffin  s  Bay 
is  represented  as  a  large  oval,  among  some  of  whose 
western  passages  (it  is  stated  on  the  map)  a  pas^sage 
may  yet  be  iiossible  to  the  Pacific.  "  Christian  Sea 
(King  Christian's  Sea)  discovered  by  Munk  in  1629, 
is  put  in  the  northerly  part  of  Baffin's  instead  of 
Hudson's  Bay. 

—  A.  D.  1774- 

Map  of  the  north  Polar  regions  in  the  The  Journal 
of  the  Voyage  by  J'hifps  and  l.utwidge,  London,  1774. 

136.  A.  D.  1765.  Greenland  by  Cranz. 

An  engraved  map  in  David  Cranz's  Historie  von 
Grontaud,  1766,  and  second  edition,  1770;  repeated 
in  the  English  translation,  London,  1767. 


—  A.  D.  1783. 

Map  of  the  Arctic  regions  in  J.^  R.  Forster's  Voy- 
ages and  Diseoveries  made  in  the  North. 


137.  A.  D.  1785- 


Hudson's   Bay  Country  by 
Pond. 


A  MS  map  in  the  archives  of  the  Hudson's  Bay 
company  in  London,  inscribed:  "Copy  of  a  map 
presented  to  the  Congress  by  Peter  Pond,  a  native  of 
Milford  in  the  Suite  of  Ccmnecticut.  Ihisextraor- 
dinarv  man  has  resided  seventeen  years  m  those 
countries,  ami  trom  iiis  own  discoveries  as  well  as 
from  the  reiiorts  of  the  Indians,  he  assures  himselt 
of  having  at  last  discovered  .1  passage  to  the  North 
Sea.    He  is  gone  again  to  ascertain  some  important 


28 


THE   KOHL  COLLECTION   OF  EARLY  MAPS. 


observations.  New  York,  ist  March,  1785,  copied 
by  St.  John  do  Crevecoeur  for  his  Grace  of  La 
Rochefoucaiilt."  Pond's  various  sojourns  are  indi- 
cated,—  the  most  southern  on  St.  Peter's  (Missis- 
sippi) River,  1774;  the  most  northern  near  Lalvc 
Athabaska,  1782-83.  He  puts  down  the  great  North- 
ern Sea  too  far  south  by  ten  degrees. 

138.  A.  D.  1789  and  1793.   Discoveries  of  Alex- 
ander Mackenzie. 

^  Mackenzie  started  from  Fuit  Ciiipewyan  on  the 
^ake  of  the  Hills,  in  June,  17S9,  and  followed  the 
river  now  known  by  his  name  to  near  its  junction 
with  the  Northern  Sea.  In  1793  he  followed  the 
Unjijah  or  Peace  River  to  the  Uorky  Mountains, 
thence  to  the  Pacific.  Mackenzie  seems  to  have 
used  Arrowsmith's  map  and  Vancouver's  surveys,  in 
this  map,  which  accompanies  the  books  which  he 
published  about  his  explorations. 

139.  A.  D.  1790.   Hudson's    Bay    Country   by 
Turner. 

A  MS.  map  in  the  archives  of  the  Hudson  Bay 
company  in  London,  inscribed:  "Chart  of  lakes  and 
rivers  in  North  America  by  Philipp  Turner."  Turner 
was  the  surveyoi  of  the  company  and  made  his  jirin- 
cipal  exploration  in  1790-92,  in  company  with  Peter 
riedler,  his  successor  as  surveyor;  and  of  this  ex- 
ploration Turner  wrote  an  account  preserved  in  the 
company's  archives,  of  which  this  map  was  an  illus- 
tration. Kohl  calls  it  the  oldest  of  the  tolerably 
correct  surveys  which  we  "-ave  between  the  Saskats- 
chawan  River  and  Slave  JLake.  The  rivers  whose 
course  is  put  down  from  Indian  reports  are  marked 
by  two  crosses. 

140.  A.  D.  1799.  Greenland  and  Baffln's  Bay  by 
Laurie  and  Whittle. 

An  engraved  chart  published  in  London.    It  shows 
the  notions  prevailing  before  Ross's  explorations. 

—  A.  D.  181 1. 

A  map  of  the  Arctic  regions  in  E.  A.  W.  von 
Zimmermann's  Die  Erde  und  Hire  Beiuohncr.  Leinzic 
1811.  '       ^   *" 

—  A.  D.  1818. 

A  general  map  of  the  Arctic  regions  in  Barring- 
ton  s  Posstbthty  of  approaching  the  North  Pole,  Lon- 
don, 18 18. 


—  A.  D.  1S18, 

Map  of  the  route  of  the  ship  "Alexander"  in 
Baihn's  Kay,  by  W.  E.  Parry,  in  a  Journal  of  a  l-'ova-v 
of  D,sco7'e,y  to  the  Arctic  regions,  1818,  published  at 
London  [1819J. 

—  A.  D.  1818. 

A  facsimile  of  map  of  the  Arctic  regions  in  iSiS 
with  discoveries  since  that  date  inserted  in  red,  given 
m  Hall  s  Second  Arctic  Expedition,  Washington,  1879, 

—  A.  D.  1818-23. 

Map  of  the  discoveries  by  Ross,  Parry,  and  Frank- 
lin, m  Franklin's  Journey  to  the  Shores  of  the  Polar 
Sea,  London,  1823. 


—  A.  D.  1819-20. 

Map  of  Arctic  regions  showing  route  of  Parry's 
ships,  in  his  Journal  of  a  Foyagr  for  the  Discovery 
of  a  North-west  passage,  London,  1621. 

—  A.  D.  1819-54, 

Chart  of  discoveries  in  the  Arctic  Seas  in  Pelcher's 
Last  of  the  Arctic  Voyages,  London,  1855. 

—  A.  D.  1820. 

Arctic  regions  by  Wm.  Scoresby,  jr.,  including 
Koss  s  explorations,  in  An  Account  of  the  Arctic 
Regions,  by  VV.  Scoresby,  jr.,  London,  1S20. 

141.  A.  D.  1820.  Hudson's  Bay  Cotmtries  by 
Harmon. 

It  shows  the  country  from  Hudson's  Bay  .and 
Lake  Superior  on  the  east  to  the  Pacific  on  the 
west.  Harmon  was  an  officer  of  the  Hudson's  Bay 
Company  who  published  this  map  in  a  journal  of  his 
explorations. 

—  A.  D.  1821-23. 

Map  of  Parry's  second  route,  in  his  Journal  of  a 
Voyage  for  the  Discovery  of  a  Northwest  Passoi'e, 
London,  1824,  with  detailed  maps  in  the  same 
volume. 


—  A.  D.  1S22. 

Map  of  Greenland  by  Scoresby  in  a  Journal  of  a 
Voyage  to  the  Northcni  IVhalc  Fisheries,  by  W 
.Scoresby,  jr.,  Edinburgh,  1823,  with  a  special  chart 
ot  surveys  on  the  east  coast. 

142.  A.  D.  1S23,    Arctic  Regions  after  Parry. 

Parts  north  of  Hudson's  Bay.    Kohl  does  not 
comment  on  it. 

143.  A.  D.  1824.  East  Greenland  by  Scoresby. 

Without  comment  by  Kohl. 

—  A.  D.  1S24-25. 

Map  of  Prince  Regent's  inlet  drawn  by  Parry  and 
Head,  m  Parry's  Third  Voyage. 

144.  A.  D.  1833.  Proposed  Route  of  Capt.  Back. 
See  Royal  Geographical  Society's  Journal,  iii.  64. 

145.  A.  D.  1S33-34.   Back's  River. 

See  Royal  Geographical  Society's  Journal,  vol.  vi. 
( ih36).  It  shows  his  exploration,  beginning  at  the 
Great  Slave  Lake,  of  the  Great  Fish  River,  never 
before  followed,  when  he  started  to  relieve  Capt. 
Koss,  then  supposed  to  be  confined  in  the  ice,  north- 
west of  Hudson's  Bay. 

146.  A.  D.  1834.  Back  River. 

Another  map  of  the  same  region,  without  comment 
by  Kohl. 

147.  A.  D.  1836-37.   Hudson's  Strait. 

It  shows  the  track  of  the  "  Teirnr,"  following  a  map 
in  the  koyal  Geographical  Society's  journal,  vol. 
VII.,  accompanying  Capt.  Back's  report  on  the  north- 
e.astcrn  shore  of  Southampton  Island,  —  the  closest 
observation  since  Baffin's  voyage  in  1C15. 


THE   KOHL  COLLECTION   OF   EARLY   MAPS. 


29 


f  Countries  by 


148.  A.  D.  1840.  Peel  River  by  Isbiater. 

In  Royal  Geographical  Society's  Journal,  xv. 
■x\x,  accompanying  an  account  by  A.  K.  Isbister, 
of  his  explorations  not  only  of  Peel  River,  but  also 
of  Red  and  other  branches  of  the  Mackenzie  River, 
flowing  to  the  Arctic  Sea. 

—  A.  D.  1845. 

The  Arctic  regions  as  known  in  1845,  — a  copy 
of  the  map  supplied  to  the  Franklin  expedition,  ni 
Hall's  Second  Arctic  Expedition,  Washington,  1879. 

149.  A.D.  1851.  Arctic  Coast  explored  by  Dr. 

Rea. 

An  engraved  map  extracted  from  the  Royal  Geog. 
Society's  Journal  (1852),  xxii.  73,  where  it  is  accom- 
panied by  two  reports  of  explorations  in  search  of 
Sir  John  Franklin. 

—  A.  D.  1850-51. 

A  map  of  Wellington  Channel  and  Grinncll  land 
by  Lt.  De  Haven  and  Capf.  Penny,  in  Peter  Force  s 
pamphlet  on  Grinnell  land,  1852. 


150   A.  D.  1851-52.    Discoveries  of  Kennedy 
and  Bellot. 

This  shows  the  exploration  of  travelling  parties 
from  the  ship  "  I'rince  Albert,"  wintered  at  North 
Somerset,  on  Prince  Regent  inlet,  m  search  of  Sir 
John  Franklin's  party.  It  is  copied  from  one  in  the 
Royal  Geog.  Society's  Journal,  xxiu.  (1853.) 

151.  A.  D.  1852.  Smith  Sound  by  Inglefleld. 

Copied  from  a  map  in  the  Royal  Geog.  Society's 
yotirnal,  vol.  xxiii.,  accompanying  a  report  of  Capt. 
E.  A.  Ingleficld,  who  was  the  first  to  examine  the 
sound  forming  the  northern  parts  of  Baffin  s  Hay, 
Baffin  himself  having  only  seen  its  beginning  in 
1615. 

—  A.  D.  1861,  etc. 

North  polar  chart  in  Sir  John  Ricbar     i     s  Polar 
/^caions  ( 1861 )  ;  maps  of  the  "  American  /.    .c  Sea, 
••  Smith  Sound"  and  "North  Polar  Regions     ir.  C. 
R     Markham's    Threshold  of  the  Unknown  Region, 

i873- 

%•  No  attempt  is  made  to  enumerate  the  multitude  of  recent 
maps  of  the  Arctic  regions. 


I  by  Scoresby. 


wn  by  Parry  and 


.ithout  comment 


30 


THE   KOHL  COLLECTION  OF  EARLY  MAPS. 


/>''. 


V. 


CANADA. 


/J*^         •*•    The  best  enumeration  of  maps  covering  Canada  which 
t    has  yet  been  printed  is  in  Harrisse's  Cabots  and  his  Notes  sur 
•^       Iti  NouveUt  Franct.    C£.  maps  under  sections  II.  and  III., 
anti. 

f         —  A.  D.  1508. 

Respecting  the  apocryphal  map  of  Jehan  Denys, 
see  Nar.  ami  Crit.  Hist,  0/ America,  iv.  p.  36. 

—  A.  D.  1521. 

Respecting  the  extremely  doubtful  map  attributed 
to  Lazaro  Luis,  sec  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  0/  America, 
iv.  p.  37. 

—  A.  D.  1532. 

The  map  in  Zieglcr's  ScJiondia,  etc.,  Strasburg, 
1532  and  1536,  shows  vaguely  the  Bacallaos  coast. 
It  IS  given  in  facsimile  in  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  IJist. 
America,  vol.  ii. 

—  A.  D.  1534. 

A  map  by  Gasp.ar  Viegas  of  Kewfoundland  and 
the  Gulf  of  St.  Lawrence  is  depicted  in  Kohl's  Dis- 
coi'ery  of  Maine,  pi.  xviii. 

—  A.  D.  1542.  , 
Maps  in  Rotz's  Idrography. 


—  A.  D. 


IS4S' 


The  charts  of  Jean  Allefonsce  of  the  region  of  the 
Gulf  of  St.  Lawrence,  which  are  sketched  in  the 
Narrative  and  Crit.  Hist.  ,>/  America,  iv.  74  ct  sen.; 
some  of  which  are  also  given  in  Wcisc's  Discoveries 
of  America,  355,  and  in  Murphy's  V'errazzano. 

—  A.  D.  1545. 

Carte  des  Cotes  Nord-est  de  PAmcrique,  in  the 
Musee  Corrcr  at  Venice,  noted  by  Harrisse,  Notes 
sur  la  NoHvelle  France,  no.  1S8. 

152.  A.  D.   1546.     Canada   and   Labrador  by 
Juan  Treire. 

It  shows  the  coast  from  34°  N.  Lat.  to  72°  N. 
Lat.,  and  develo])s  the  Gulf  and  River  St.  "Law- 
rence. It  is  called  :  Carte  dii  Canada,  Labrador,  e.  t., 
tirJe  ifune  Portidan  Portu^ais  de  Famiee  1 546  dans 
la  possession  de  Monsieur  le  V.  unte  lSantarem'\  de 
Paris.  Kohl  considers  that  Sjianish,  Portuguese, 
and  French  authorities  were  used.  lie  assigns  the 
regions  of  the  Cortereals  —  esta  he  a  tcra  dos  Cart- 
Reals  — io  the  territory  between  what  seems  to  be 
Penobscot  Bay  and  the  St.  I,awrcnce.  The  names 
along  the  latter  river  are  French,  corrupted  by  Por- 
tuguese ;  and  so  on  the  eastern  coast  of  Newfound- 
land, whose  western  coast  is  not  drawn.  There  are 
various  imaginary  islands  in  the  Atlantic.  It  is 
sketched  in  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist,  of  America,  iv. 
p.  86.  . 

153.  A.  D.  1546.    Newfoundland  by  Freire. 

Contained  in  a  Portuguese  portolano,  of  which 
Libri  published,  says  Kohl,  in  Loudon  a  facsimile. 


It  is  inscribed  :  Joham  Freire  a  fez  era  de  546.  It 
shows  the  eastern  coasts  of  Labrador  and  New- 
foundland from  Hudson's  Straits  south,  the  south- 
western coast  of  Newfoundland,  and  the  opposite 
coast  of  Cape  Breton.  (Libri  sale,  Mar.  20,  18 w, 
£,f)i.)  ^^' 

154.  A.  D.  1547.    East  Coast  of  North  America 
by  Nicolas  Vallard,  of  Dieppe. 

The  coast  is  given  from  the  end  of  Florida  to  the 
Labrador  shore,  developing  the  Gulf  and  River  St. 
Lawrence.  It  is  part  of  a  MS.  map  in  the  Sir 
1  homas  Phillipps  collection.  The  map  is  endorsed 
J'erre  de  Pacahs.  The  source  of  the  delineation 
south  of  Cape  Breton  is  Spanish,  and  it  shows  no 
trace  of  Verrazano.  Kohl  thinks  that,  for  the  region 
north  of  Cape  Breton,  the  map  is  based  on  the  maps 
of  Alfonse  and  Cartier.  He  remarks  on  the  half 
Portuguese  name  of  the  St.  Lawrence,  —  j\'w  do 
Canada.  The  G.  lorens  of  the  map  is  not  the  great 
gulf,  but  a  small  bay  opposite  the  north  shore  of 
Anticosti.  The  eastern  shore  of  Newfoundland  has 
a  mi.\ture  of  French  and  Portuguese  names.  On 
Labrador  they  are  mosfy  Portuguese.  The  name 
of  Vallard  may  signify  ownership  rather  than  mark 
the  maker.  Cf.  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America,  iv. 
p.  86,  and  for  a  sketch,  p.  87. 


155.  A.  D.  1547, 

A  less  perfect  copy  of  the  preceding. 

156.  A.  D.  1548.    Canada. 

The  coa.st  from  Greenland  (apparently)  to  Nova 
Scotia,  with  the  Gulf  and  River  St.  Lawrence  devel- 
oped. Part  of  a  mappemonde  which  was  communi- 
cated to  Kohl  by  Jomard,  and  thought,  as  Kohl  says, 
by  the  latter  to  have  been  made  by  order  of  Henri  II. 
A  figure  of  Robeval  among  his  soldiers  is  drawn  on 
the  map.  The  northern  parts  of  the  Atlantic  arc 
called  Mer  de  France;  the  more  southerly,  Mer 
d'Fsfaigne.  Newfoundland  is  a  group  of  islands. 
St.  Laurens  is  a  small  bay,  as  in  no.  154.  The  St. 
Lawrence  river  is  not  naiiied,  but  the  Saguenay  (R. 
du  S.ignay)  is.  Since  Kohl's  day,  R.  H.  Major  has 
deciphered  an  inscrijnion  which  assigns  its  author- 
ship to  Pierre  Desccliers  in  1546.  Jomard  gives  it 
in  facsimile  ;  it  is  sketched  in  the  A'ar.  and  Crit. 
Hist,  of  America,  iv.  p.  85. 

—  A.  D.  1548. 

Gastaldi's  map,  "  Delia  terra  nova  Bacalaos."  in 
the  Italian  Ptolemy  of  1548. 

157.  A.  D.  155-?    Canada. 

This  represents  North  America  as  an  island,  of 
which  the  St.  Lawrence  is  a  central  basin  Some- 
where on  the  coast  of  South  C^arolina  a  strait  con- 
nects the  Atlantic  with  the  Western  Sea,  which  also 
washes  all  the  northern  confines  of  the  land.  New- 
foundland is  divided  by  channels,  as  in  the  Ramusio 
map  of  1556,  and  the  names  on  the  Eastern  shore 
are  Portuguese  with  French  transformations.  The 
names  on  the  lower  portion  of  the  Atlantic  co.tst 
are  of  Spanish  origin.  The  Atlantic  has  the  usual 
sprinkling  of  imaginary  islands.  It  is  sketched  in 
the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  Ameriui,  iv.  p.  Sy. 

158.  A.  D.  1 55-  ? 

The  same,  less  perfect. 


I 


^ 


St 


THE   KOHL  COLLECTION   OF   EA.iLY  MAPS. 


31 


■s  era  de  546.  It 
rador  and  New- 
south,  the  south- 
md  the  opposite 
e,  Mar.  20,  1859, 


forth  America 
Dieppe. 

3f  Florida  to  the 
ilf  and  River  St. 
map  in  the  Sir 
map  is  endorsed 
the  delineation 
and  it  shows  no 
at,  for  the  region 
sed  on  the  maps 
irks  on  the  half 
rence,  —  J^io  do 
i  is  not  the  great 
north  shore  of 
:wfoundland  has 
:se  names.  On 
ese.  The  name 
ither  than  mark 
ist.  America,  iv. 


ig- 


rently)  to  Nova 
'^awrence  devel- 
1  was  communi- 
it,  as  Kohl  says, 
der  of  Henri  II. 
ers  is  drawn  on 
he  Atlantic  are 
southerly,  Mer 
oup  of  islands. 
.  154.  The  St. 
e  Saguenay (R. 
^  H.  Major  has 
igns  its  author- 
fomard  gives  it 
A'ar.  and  Crit. 


\  Bacalaos."  in 


s  an  island,  of 
basin  Some- 
a  a  strait  con- 
iica,  which  also 
ic  land.  Ncw- 
n  the  Ramusio 
Eastern  shore 
niatioiis.  The 
Atlantic  co.ist 
has  the  usual 
is  sketched  in 
[J.  Sy. 


159.  A.  D.  1556.    La  Nuova  Francia  in  '     mu- 
Bio. 

A  CODV  from  the  e.igraved  map  in  Ramusio. 
Kohl  suspects  that  it  may  have  been  drawn  alter 
Tehan  Dcny's  lost  map,  and  Miat  Kamusio  did  not 
Ce  access  to  Cartier's  charts.  It  is  reproduced  in 
the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America,  iv.  p.  91,  and  in 
Weise's  Discmieries  of  America,  p.  356. 

159  a.  A.  D.  1556. 

Another  copy  of  the  same.  The  two  maps  of 
Galtaldi  in  Ramusio.  "Terra  de  Labrador  et  Nova 
Francia"  and  "Terra  de  Hochclaga  nella  nova 
Francia,"  are  supposed  to  have  been  made  m  1553. 
Cf.  llarrisse,  Notes,  nos.  292,  293. 

160.  A.  D.   15561?)    Newfounaiand,  etc. 

It  also  shows  Labrador  .-ind  the  coast  of  M.iine, 
and  is  taken  from  a  portolano  in  the  British  Mu- 
seum, and  in  its  catalogue  it  is  described  .is  on 
vellum  in  the  Spanish  langur.ge,  and  executed  in  the 
sixteenth  century."  The  coast  stretches  from  45 
to  64°  north  latitude.  It  resembles,  so  f.ir  as  it 
cocs.  no.  I  52,  but  it  has  no  indication  of  the  OuU  or 
River  St.  Lawrence.  It  is  sketched  m  the  ^ar. 
and  Crit.  Hist.  America,  iv.  p.  87. 

161.  A.  D.  1 558.    Canada  and  adjacent  parta  by 
Diego  Homem. 

It  shows  the  eastern  coast  of  North  America  from 
28°  N  Lat  to  70°.  The  15ay  of  Fundy  is  developed, 
and  the  basin  of  the  St.  Lawrence  is  converted  mto 
a  northern  ocean.  The  original  is  in  a  MS.  atlas 
by  Homem  in  the  British  Museum.  The  n.ames  ot 
the  St.  Lawrence  re<iion  are  French,  of  the  coast 
south  of  the  gulf  Spanish,  and  north  of  it  Portu- 
guese. Cf.  sketches  in  Kohl's  Disc,  of  Maine,  p.  377, 
and  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America,  iv.  p.  92. 

162.  A.D.  1558. 
Another  copy  of  no.  161. 

163.  A.  D.  1562  and  1574-    East  Coast  of  North 

America. 

This  gives  the  coast  from  34°  N.  L.it.  to  60°. 
Newfoundland  is  a  duster  of  islands,  l  he  St.Law- 
rence  is  a  network  of  small  streams.  The  origina 
is  an  engraved  map  in  the  Ptoem.es  of  1562  .ind 
iS74,cr.ired  "Tierrk  Nucva."  It  is  based  on  he 
Ramusio  map  of  -556.  and  there  .ire  sketches  of  . 
in  Kohl's  Disc,  of  Maine,  p.  233;  Lelewel  s  Gh^.  du 
Moyen-A.^e,  p.  170;  and  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  Amer- 
ica, iv.  p.  92. 


New  France  by  Lescarbot. 


—  A.D.  I57S-  ,     ^... 

A  Portuguese  map  of  about  1575^"  tnf  British 
Museum,  showing  the  coast  from  Cape  Breton  to 
Labrador. 

164.  A.  D.  1597.    Nova  Francia  et  Canada,  by 
Wytfliet. 

It  shows  the  Gulf  and  River  St.  Lawrence  with 
Labrador.  The  oricinal  is  an  engraved  map  m 
Wvtfliet's  Continuation  of  Ptolemy,  and  is  repro- 
duced in  facsimile  in  the  Nar.  and  tnt.  Hist.  Am er- 
.       .  ,,3Q     c.(    al-^o  Wvtflict  s  maps,  showing 

Labrador   and  Greenland,  and  Newfoundland  and 
tVif^  idiacent  parts.     See  ante,  no.  113. 

The  maps  were  repeated  in  the  Douay  edition  of 

lfx35,  etc. 


165.  A.  \i   'O09. 

It  shows  the  coast  from  40°  N.  Lat.  to  54°,  with 
the  course  of  the  St.  Lawrence.  It  follows  an  cn- 
eravcd  map  in  Lescaibut's  Nonvcllc  frame.  1  he 
tntirc  map  is  reproduced  in  FaiUon's  Colonie  Fran- 
caise,  i.  p.  85,  in  Tross's  reprint  of  Lescarbot,  and 
in  the  hpham  Memorial.  Parts  of  it  are  given  in 
the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America,  iv.  p.  152,  304, 
379, 

See  also  the  161 2  edition  of  Lescarbot. 

—  A.  D.  1612. 
Champlain's  map,  which  is  reproduced   in   the 

Boston  and  Quebec  reprints  of  Cliamplain,  and  in 
the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America,  iv.  pp.  3»o>  3°i' 

—  A.D.  1613. 
Champlain's  map,  which   is   reproduced  in  the 

Boston  and  Quebec  editions  of  his  works;  and  in 
part  in  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist,  of  America,  ly.  p. 
3S3.  The  edition  of  1613  had  various  smaller  local 
maps. 

166.  A.  D.  161 3.    Canada  and  Norumbega  by 
J.  Oliva. 

Showing  the  coast  from  42°  N.  Lat.  to  68°,  with 
the  course  of  the  St.  L.iwrence.  The  original  is  in 
a  MS  portolano  in  the  British  Museum,  marked  . 
Toannes  Oliva  fecit  in  ciritate  Marsilia-,  anno  1613. 
Newfoundland,  as  Kohl  remarks,  is  """f '^I'y  ,^^^" 
drawn  ;  but  the  rest  of  the  map  is  much  behind  the 
best  knowledge  of  the  time.     See  ante,  no.  90. 

167    A.  D.  1625.    New  England  and  New 
France,  from  Purchaa. 

The  main  sources  of  this  map  appear  to  be  Les- 
carbofs  map  of  New  France  and  John  Smith  s  map 
of  New  England.  The  original  appeared  m  Pur- 
chas's  Pilgrims,  following  one  in  Sir  Wi  ham  Alex- 
ander's Encouragemcvt  to  Colonies  (1624).  it  is 
given  in  part  in  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America, 
iii.  ch.  9. 

168.  A.  D.  1626.    Newfoundland  by  Mason. 

The  original  is  an  engraved  map  in  The  Golden 
Fleece,  by  Orpheus,  Junior,  London,  1626.  The 
map  s  inscril^ed:  "Newfoundland  described  by 
Cintaine  John  Mason,  an  industrious  Gent.,  who 
spe'nt  seven  yeares  in  the  Countrey."  Cf.  Nar.  and 
Crit.  Hist.  America,  iv.  p.  379- 

169.  A.  D.  1630.    New  France  by  De  Laet. 

It  shows  the  coast  from  Cape  Cod  to  Labrador 
ind  as  far  inland  as  Lake  Champlain.  The  original 
fs  in  cncraved  map  in  De  Lact's  Nicmve  Wereldt. 
The"mTi?":!parJntly  based  on  the  maPS  of  Pur- 
rl,-i<j  T  pscarbot  and  Champl.iin.  It  was  repeaieu 
in^L'lathi  (.633)  and  tl- J-nch  (1640)  ^d~^^ 
It  is  sketched  in  the  Aar.  and  Crit.  Hist,  of  Amertca, 
iv.  p.  384,  and  in  Cassell's  United  States,  1.  240. 

170.  A.  D.  1632.    New  France  by  Champlain. 

This  follows  the  engraved  map  in  the  edidon  of 

i6i2      II  IS  reproduced  \\\  ific  i^.,civr  ai.^  ~"„-  , 

Stions  of  Ch'amplain,  in  O'Call.ighan's  Doc.  Hs^. 

of  N.  Y.,  vol.  iii.,  and  )■>  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Htst. 

America,  iv.  pp.  386,  387. 


bM 


22 


THE   KOHL  COLLECTION  OF  EARLY  MAPS. 


171.  A.  n.  1632. 
An  unfinished  sketch  of  the  same  map. 

172.  A.  D.  arai  1640.    Canada. 

—  A.  D.  1641  (?). 
—  A.  D.  1647. 

—  A.  D.  1656. 

39..    Cf.  Harrisse.  N^S^!; nt^.f .'"'''''"'  '"•  ''• 
173.  A.  D.  1660.    New  Prance. 

f  j^y.     »-i.  iiarnsbe,  JVoU-s,  etc.,  no.  329. 
—  A.  D.  1662. 


—  A. 


Pof  Nicolas 


inS.'L!J'o?/:J-?Y^  "'■■'^^  a.sketch  is  given 
repeated  b^Bh^uffy;""^'''  ''■  P'  39'-     I?  was 

—  A.  D.  1663. 

A  map  of  the  course  of  the  St  T -i  .rr„«.->  t 
which  a  sketc!:  is  given  in  the  Ai^«^'?!"^^>,°/ 
of  Amcnca,  iv.  ]3.  148.  ^"-  -"'••'• 

A  map  in  the  Jesuit  Rdation  of  i66--^,t   nf  ™1,-  u 

174.  A.  D.  ,««.     Lake.  ChMnplaia  .nd  On- 
tano. 

tChimiS'',;  7""  "■='  erands  lacs  Ontario  « 

IV.   p.    -J T 2.      Cf     V-^\Ur.„      r       %,  ■'''•^'-  ■^""'^"^<^, 

135.U  HaSseyS;  ef^',  ^f -/>-.->.  iii- 

175.  A.  D.  ,066.     Lakes  Ontario  and  Cham- 
plai.n. 


D.  1666. 

/.^  CaiMJa  oit  1,1  ATouvelU  France 
Sanson,  I'.nris,   1666.  ^runce 

The  same,  bv  Frederic  de  Witt 
rois  These 'fe  Vrom""p  %  335.)  says  he  bor- 

—  A.  D.  1668. 

KaS^tta.tS.^Sir^X*"^"""" 
176.  A.  D.  1670.    Lake  Superior. 

>S!^Ltrv;^7^^r  ticHin^r^i'"  ^•^^ 

are  gi.x.„  in  Bancroft^'s  ^^//iS^on-g'e'J'^iT^ 
340.  '    3'3-    Cf.  Harnsse,  A'.j/w,  etc.,  no. 


—  A.  D.  1670. 

1    ■'>^j-    '-'•  uairisse,  yVi7/t>j-  no.  200 

—  A.  D.  1670. 

The  No7'i  Bel,s:ii  Tabula  in  ORilby's  Am.ri.n    r, 
.169^  re,,roduced  in  the  AV.  a«/c J  ^f/'S^ 

—  A.  D.  1 67 1. 

De^n'6t  ^JY.  "'{.^"f"'''''"^.^  MS.  in  the  library  of  the 
Si:^  etc.,  no  20"'"'  ^'  ^^"^'  """^'^  -  "'--e! 


—  A.  D.  1673. 

20^;  cannot  now  be  found.  l-^v^^^J,  etc., 

—  A.  D.  1673. 

T,9"''.'  .'^"  missions  des  PP.  yhuites  sur  r^  ;,.  j 

The  original   is  in  the  Dep6t  de  la  Marine  a* 

oLc  narrisse,  Aoies,  etc.,  no.  201- -"oa 

.    I"  the  A^,,n  riW  O/A  //«A  A»u-rira  iv   rn   •.o.Sl 

ofi'aj.;>''p^,S°,:y^/tt'',:f.n2 

book  (p.  215)  is  .another  earlv  map  of  the  InsinT,' 
the  Great  Lakes  from  the  Pirkmnn  r,.i^>J 
(p.  218)  a  sketch  of  To  e^J«e";,>°",*^'^  '",';.  ''«»rt 
IfTrris>;o    A'^f        -jjiiec.     ^.  arte  vjcncralc.  '     Ci. 
iiarris.se,  Aofes,  etc.,  nos.  214,  142,  ,4:,      a,  tn  il,!^ 

Andreas's  C/i/aTfc;,  i.  47.  ^^"  "'="''  '«  ^'««  "» 


THE   KOHL  COLLECTION   OF  EARLY   MAPS. 


33 


ice:  par  Nicolas 


—  A.  D.  1676. 
Pascaertt  van    Terra  nova,  Ncma  Francia,  Nietnu 

Eiii^lelami en  tie  Groole  Kr.-ier  van  CauJa  in  Rt)gge- 
vcen's  Tourbe  Ardente,  aiul  in  the  English  edition, 
Tke  Burning  Fen. 

178.  A.  D.  1677.     Canada  by  Du  Val. 

This  map  is  inscribed  as  follows :  "  Le  Canada, 
fai  par  Ic  Sr.  de  Chaniplain  ou  sent  la  Nouvelle 
France,  Nmi  Anglet,  Nou  I  loll,  Nou  Suede,  Vir- 
ginie,  et  autres  terrcs  nouvellement  decouvcrtes 
siiiva'nt  les  meinoires  de  T.  du  Val,  Geogr.  uu  Roy, 
Paris  1677."  Cf.  Nar.  and  Crit.  Ili^f.  of  America, 
iv.  p.  388.  Harrisse,  Motes,  etc.  (no.  331),  gives  an 
edition  of  1664,  as  well  as  that  of  1677  (no.  348). 

—  A.  D.  1679. 

Map  of  Jolict's  route  from  Tadoussac  north,  in 
the  Archives  of  the  Marine  in  Paris.  Harrisse, 
Notes,  etc.,  no.  207. 

Various  sectional  maps,  preserved  in  the  library 
of  the  Marine  at  Paris,  are  noted  in  Harrissc's 
Notes,  etc.,  nos.  209-213. 

—  A.  D.  16S1. 

A  map  (27°  to  44°  N.  Lat.)  in  the  library  of  the 
Marine  at  Paris,  made  by  Franquelin.  Cf.  Har- 
risse, Notes,  etc  ,  no.  215,  and  others  of  Franquelin, 
in  nos.  216,  217,  218. 

179.  A.  n.  rirca  1683.    The  Great  Lakes  and  the 
Upper  Missiasippi  by  Raffeix. 

It  is  called :  "  Parties  Ics  plus  occidcntales  du 
Canada."  It  is  sketched  in  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist. 
America,  iv.  233.  Harrisse  {.Notes,  no.  238)  puts  it 
under  the  year  i688. 

—  A.  D.  1683. 

Hennepin's  Carte  de  la  Nouvelle  France  in  his 
Dcuription  de  la  Louisiane  There  arc  facsimiles  in 
Shea's  translation  of  that  book;  in  Winchell  s  Gcol. 
Sui-vev  of  Minnesota,  pi.  6;  and  it  is  given  in  part  in 
the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  Ame.-ica,  iv.  p.  249-  This 
may  be  compared  with  Hennepin's  Carte  d  tin  trls 
erandpays  in  the  editions  of  his  Nouvelle  Dkonverte 
of  1697,  1698,  1704.  1711.  etc.,  and  of  which  a  fac- 
simile (in  part)  is  given  in  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist. 
America,  iv.  251.  Cf.  also  Ikeesc  s  Early  Hist,  of 
Illinois,  p.  98  ,       .    ,  r 

Hennepin's  Carte  (Pun  tr?s grand  pais  (1697,  1 704. 
etc.,  and  with  English  names  in  the  English  edition) 
is  also  in  facsimile  in  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  Amer- 
ica, iv.  252-253.    Cf.  Harrisse,  Notes,  etc.,  no.  219, 

352- 

—  A.  D.  1684-1686. 

Franquelin's  great  map  of  1684,  sec  ante,  under 
no.  100,  and  Harrisse's  Notes,  nos.  ^^\^n-  1  »*= 
map  (16S5)  which  Fr.anquelin  made  of  the  St.  Law- 
rence, after  material  furnished  by  Jolict  Harrisse 
Notes,  no.  229.  Franciuelin's  maps  (1686)  noted 
in  Harrisse,  nos.  2-1,  232,— of  one  of  which  there  is 
a  copy  in  the  Parliamentary  Library  (Canada),  bee 
its  Caialo-ue,  p.  1616. 

—   A.  D.  1685. 

Pnrtie  de  la  Nouvelle  France  par  Hubert  Jaillot. 
Cf.  Harrisse,  Notes,  etc.,  no.  354. 


—  A.  D.  1687. 

Pierre  AUmand's  discoveries  between  Quebec  and 

udsij 

Archives 


Hudson's  P.ay,  as  given  in  the  map  preserved  in  the 
of  the  Marine.     Harrisse,  Notes,  no.  233. 


180.  A.  D.  1688.    Ontario  and  Erie  by  Raffeix. 

It  is  inscril)ed :  "  Le  lac  Ontario  avec  les  licux 
circon  oisins  ct  particulierement  Les  Cinq  Nations 
Iroquoises,  1688.''  The  original  is  in  the  National 
Librarj  at  Paris.  It  is  sketched  in  the  Nar.  and 
Crit.  Hist.  America,  iv.  p.  234.  Cf.  Harrisse,  Notts, 
no.  237. 

—  A.D.  1688. 

Franquelin's  map  of  the  Upper  Lakes  and  the 
Upper  Mississippi  as  given  in  Neill's  Mintusota 
(1882);  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America,  iv.  pp.  230, 
7X1 ;  and  in  Winchcll's  Geol.  Survey  of  Minnesota, 
I'lnal    Report,  i.  pi.  2.     Cf.    Harrisse,  Notes,  nos. 

234,  240. 

Coronelli  and  Tillemon's  printed  maps  (1688)  of 
Partie  occidentale  du  Canada  {sketched  in  Nar.  and 
Crit.  Hist.  America,  iv.  p.  232),  and  Partie  oritntalt. 
Cf.  Harrisse,  Notes,  etc.,  nos.  359,  361. 

—  A.  D.  1691. 

Carte  generalle  de  la  Nouvelle  France,  etc.  Cf. 
Harrisse,  Notes,  etc.,  no.  364 ;  also  no.  367. 

Nuova  Francia  e  Lui^^tana,  in  //  Genio  vagante, 
Parma,  1691. 

—  A.  D.  1692. 

Franquelin's  Nouvelle  Frame.  Cf.  Harrisse,  NoUt^ 
no.  248. 

—  A.  D.  169'). 

Le  Canada  Ly  H.  Taillot,  showing  the  routes  be- 
tween the  lakes  and  Hudson's  Bay. 

Lc  Cordicr's  Carte  de  la  Baye  de  Canada,  etc.  Ct. 
Harrisse,  Notes,  etc.,  no.  372. 

—  A.  D.  1699. 

Franquelin's  Partie  de  PAmirique  Septentrionale 
ou  est  compris  la  Noui'elle  France,  preserved  in  the 
library  of  the  Marine,  and  noted  in  Harrisse,  Notes^ 
no.  259. 

—  A.  D.  1703. 

La  Hontan's  map  of  the  great  lakes  in  his  New 
Vow'^es,  London,  1703;  redrawn  ni  his  Mhnoires 
de  PAme'riaue,  vol.  ii  ;  and  also  in  the  editions 
of  1709  and  .;.3.  A  facsimile  of  the  1703  map  IS 
given  in  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist,  of  America,  »v.  p. 
260. 


—  A.  D.  1709. 

The  Carte  n'nJrale  de  Canaa  :  in  the  La  Haye  ed. 
fi7O0)  of  La  Hontan,  which  v  as  repeated  in  his 
\hmoires,  ( 1741 ),  vol.  iii.  It  is  ^iven  in  sections  in 
Ihe  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist,  of  A^ienca,  iv.  pp.  1^ 
.>i;S  "CO  His  map  of  the  "  Riviere  Longue,  m  the 
Nolr'eanx  Voyages,  (1709).  vol.  i.  p.  136. . is  repro- 
duced in  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America,  iv.  p. 
261. 


34 


:i]!!t^2!!hf^!:!f^™^oF  early  maps. 


VI. 

EAST  COAST  OF  NORTH  AMERICA. 

—  A.  D.  1500-I541. 

(•S26)  ^  1.  ne' ;  :;r'':i  "^v's'-  ^V""^  i''a'.c?scuj 

'539).  the  N^u.cygol^^    ..''Sh';''''-'^  V.  ,,„nuh,no 
1541.  etc.  ^"*  '   '"'■    ^^'t-'ri-ator   gores   of 

ra|.he,soft[;So^„      ,'>■'',"  •■*'"""«   "'^'   '-'•'f'"'.'- 
on' earlier  ,,.,j!;cs'      ''  "''>'  ^'''''''  ^'"  ''"'»  flcscril,e;i 

Ga>,,/.  AU;r.  ^!ril'  ,885!'  ^"^'^'  '"  ""-■  ^^'  ^^  ^/-/• 

181.  A.  D.  1542.    From  Cape  Breton  to  Florida 
oy  Rotz.  ' 

are  corru,ncV    \cr  .^     ;l''r' i';""-^;,""  '''^.  ^"■''^t 
le!,'e,ul,  "  The  new  f» mlr.  .         .'      ^^'"'"'  '^  "'c 

i"  whid,  1....^.;!:     '  n!^^    ,iSl!wh^  '""^■^'  ""'' 


—  A.  D.  1542. 

—  A.  n.  1543. 

Jho  map  of  Eaptista  Agncse.    See  under  no.  56. 

—  A.  D.  1544. 
—  A.  D.I  545. 


—  A.I).  1545. 

'I'lie  iiiai)  in  Mcdiin'j    ,1../^   j 

—  A.  D.  1516. 

—  A.D.  1547. 
—  A.D.  1548. 

The   maps   in   the   Ptolemy   of   ic,8      Sec  „„f. 
iiiuler   no.    cS.     The   "Cnr.    ..,.,.;    ^-  .'• 

r„     ■    .,     .  J  ,     '  "^      »-ait.i   mar  na      is  lmvch     n 

facsmnle  .a  the  Aar.  a,ui  Cn,  JJ.st.    'of  i^r..^;; 

—  A.D.  1550. 

TlS?fi'e '■}.""''•!"  '^.■■"""■^'".  P"t  about  this  date, 
inut   are  facsimiles    m   the   X,ir.   and  Crit    J/m 

refcrr,.,'l''f  ""I"  '"^'""King  to  the  l^iccardi  palace, 

a^c^  of  the  inuUlle  of  this  ccnturv  preserved    n  the 
.'■'"".lieca  Ricc.y.liana.  and  in  the'  Rnv  1   j'i Ir     v 

—  A.  D.  15s-. 

A  M.S.  map  which  belonged  to  Tomard  a  sketch 


182.   A.D.   i5s-(?)     Prom  the   MississlppiC?) 
River  to  45°  N. 

siii^'Th^'"  ''t  ^'"•■"•'"  '"^  ••'Pl'a-cntlv  the  Missis- 
■''irp'-      I  he   country    is  ca  led   "  T.tvi  \]..\   1;  , 

dos  Aullol,"_.hoiht  hv  Kohl  to  he^'cn ruSn 

prohalily  a  record.     It  is  from  a  MS.  atlas  (iccfi- 
iS'^fi)  m  the  Iintish  Museum.     A  man.  IKe  a  CliiS 
man.  and  an  elephant  are  depicted  in  the  inteWor 

183.  A.  D.  iss-{,').  From  Nova  Scotia  to  Texas. 

From  a  M.S.  atl.xs  in  the  Donee  collection  in  fhe 
Kodleian  library.  Texas  is  called  "  Ton  ra"  Tl,^ 
country  north  of  the  (;ulf  of  Mexico  is  Sd-c'd 

fda  "     A  I       ^'"!''''''  •"•■"."'^  "f  ""-^  continent  is  "  Flor- 
'da.       A  lion  asleep  ,s  depicted  in  the  interior. 

-  A.  D.  I55-(?) 

A    map  of   Martines  in  an   atlas   in  the   British 


THE   KOHL  COLLECTION   OF   EARLY   MAI'S. 


35 


ississlppi  (?) 


;ia  to  Texas. 


—  A.  u.  ISS4- 

'llie  lltllcro  map  (see  ante,  no.  ()4),  of  which  a 
facMiiiiilc  H  j;iv'jii  in  tlic  A'lir,  anii  Cnt.  Hist.  Aiiwr- 
,01,  vol.  viii.  ,        ,  , 

li;i|)list.i  AniicsL-'s  ati;i.H  of  1 55 J  also  shows  the 
east  coast  ii>  !>cvcr.il  maps. 

—  A.I).  1556. 

The  map  of  the  two  Americas  in  Uanuisio  shows 
the  east  coast  of  North  America.  It  is  in  facsimile 
in  the  A'lir.  and  Crit,  Hist.  Aiiterica,  ii.  228.  Cf. 
anh;  no.  66. 

Tlic  nuq)  of  Vopell'  1  mentioned  nndcr  no.  66, 
aiiti;.  Tlicre  is  a  facsimile  of  it  in  the  A'nr.and  Crit. 
Hist.  America,  ii.  p.  436. 

—  A.  1).  1558. 

In  the  atlas  of  DicRo  Tlonicm  in  the  Ikitish 
Museum.  There  is  a  skelcli  in  ihe  \.ir.  ,iiitl  Crit. 
Hist.  AiHiiiau  iv.  92,  ami  in  II.  II.  li.mcroft's  North- 
•west  Coast,  i.  50.     bee  ante,  no.  O7. 

—  A.  n.  1561. 

Kiiscelli's  "Tierra  Nueva "  in  tlie  Ptolemy  of 
li;6l.  Sec  ante,  under  no.  69,  anil  a  slictch  and 
references  in  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  Ainerim,  iv.y2. 

184.  A.I).  1562.    From  Cape  Breton  to  Flor- 

ida, by  D.  Quitierrez. 

From  an  cngraveil  map,  Ameriar  sizv  i/invtir  orhis 
fartis  inn'.i  et  exactiisiina  dcscri/>lio.  ^'l/ii/inv  J)uxo 
Ciitierro,  IViilifti  ''•X'-'''  Ifi^t-  cosmo};r,if'lio.  Hieron. 
CiH-h  exiud.  1562.  If  tlie  "  lla.  de  S.  Maria"  is  our 
Chesapeake,  the  "  R.  Salado  "  (Salt  river)  and  "  R. 
do  S.  Spirito"  arc  relies  of  early  Spanish  visits  to 
the  I'otoniac  rci^ion.  The  coast  further  north  is  as 
confused  in  outline  and  names,  as  usual,  for  this 
period. 

185.  A.  I).  1565.    Florida,  etc.,  by  Lemoyne. 

This  extends  from  the  So'.th  Carolina  to  the 
Alabama  coast,  and  the  ori.i^inal  is  an  engraved  map 
in  the  Brevis  Narratio,  clescribing  Laudonniere's 
expedition,  as  published  in  1591  by  l>c  Ihy.  The 
Spanish  names  on  the  Carolina  coast  indicate  th;'.t 
Lemoyne  used  Siianish  drafts  of  that  coast.  A 
trace  of  the  sea  of  V^errazano  is  seen  at  the  north. 

The  map  is  reproduced  in  (laffarel's  Floridc  Fran- 
faise,  in  Shipp's  Dc  .Sola  and  Florida,  and  in  part  in 
the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America,  ii.  274. 


—  A.  D. 


1566. 


The  map  of  Nicholas  des  Liens  in  the  Bibliothtquc 
Nationale  at  Paris.  It  shows  the  coast  from  La- 
brador to  Venezuela.  It  is  sketched  in  the  A'ar.  and 
Crit.  Hist.  America,  iv.  79. 

—  A.  D.  1 566. 

Zalticri's  map.  See  ante,  under  no.  Tx).  There  is 
.1  facsimile  in  the  iVar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America, 
ji.  p.  451. 

—  A.  D.  1568. 

The  map  of  Diegus  in  the  Eoyal  Library  at  Dres- 
den shows  the  east  coast. 


—  A.  O.  1569. 

The  great  Mcrcator  map.  The  east  coast  is  shown 
in  the  sketch  in  the  A'ar.  and  Cnt  Hist.  America, 
iv.  (J4  (also  in  ii.  p.  452) ;  and  in  a  facsimile,  ll<id.  iv. 
p.  373,  and  also  in  Weise's  l)iscm<erics  oj  America, 
p.  3(x),  ami  in  Ids  Hist  0/  Albany,  p.  4.  See  antt, 
under  no.  71. 

—  A.I).  1570. 

Ortclius's  map  of  America.  A  sketch  of  the  east 
coast  is  given  in  the  A'ar.  and  Cnt.  I/ist.  America, 
iv.  95.  Cf.  ante,  no.  72.  The  mai)  was  re|)eated  in 
later  editions,  1575,  1584;  re-engraved,  1587,  etc. 

—  A.  D.  1572. 

Porcacchi's  map,  of  which  the  east  coast  is  shown 
in  the  sketch  given  in  the  A'ar.  and  Crit.  Hist, 
America,  iv.  96.  Cf  ante,  under  no.  72.  Repeated 
in  1576,  etc. 

—  A.  I).  1 573- 

A  Spanish  mappemondc,  given  by  Lelewcl,  L  pi. 
7,  shows  the  east  coast. 

—  A.I).  1574- 

Two  maps  of  this  date  in  Theatri  Orbis  terrarum 
enc/iiridwn  (1585)  of  Philippus  Callacus  "per  llugo- 
nem  Favolium  illustratuni,"  show  the  east  coast. 


186.  A.  D.  I  !;78.    From  Florida  to  45°  N.,  by 

Mar  tines. 

From  a  MS.  atlas  (no.  15)  in  Ihe  British  Museum. 
Kohl  remarks  01  its  inferiority  to  Ribero's  map 
(1529),  and  says  th.U  the  Spanish  maps  degenerated 
for  a  long  time  after  Ribero.  The  country  is  called 
"  La  Floriila."  See  sketch  in  A'ar.  and  Crit.  Hist. 
America,  ii.  229. 

187.  A.  D.  1578.    East  Coast  by  Martlnea. 

A  very  inaccurate  sketch  of  the  coast  from  Labra- 
dor to  the  Gulf  of  Mexico,  in  which  the  peninsula 
of  Florida  and  the  gulf  of  St.  Lawrence  are  only 
recognizable.  The  original  belongs  to  a  MS.  atlas 
by  loan  Martincs  in  the  Pritish  Museum.  The  mam 
is  called  "  Nova  Spagna."  The  St.  Lawrence  river 
and  the  Hudson  seem  to  unite  and  form  a  channel, 
making  New  England  an  island.  There  is  a  sketch 
of  it  in  the  A'ar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America,  iv.  97. 

188.  A.  n.  1578.    The  same. 
A  rough  sketch. 

—  A.  D.  1580. 

The  map  of  John  Dee,  in  the  British  Museum. 
Cf.  ante,  no.  96. 

—  A.  D.  1 582. 

Lok's  map,  which  appeared  in  ll.akluyt's  Divers 
l'ovai;cs,  and  is  reproduced  in  Winter  Jones's  edition 
of  that  book,  and  in  the  A'ar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America, 
iii.  40  and  iv.  44,  and  in  Weise's  Discm-eries  o/Anier- 

'  The  m■^\■>  of  the  Mcrcator  type  in  Popcllinifere's 
Trois  nwndcs  shows  the  east  coast. 


36 


THE   KOHL  COLLECTION  OF  EARLY  MAPS. 


—  A.  D. 


'585 


nc  llry  drawings  „,  the  llritis).  Mur.cmn,  ami  (irst 
engraved  for  Or.  K.hvar.l  l';gglcs.on's  paper  n  he 
C^»nrj>  A/.,^„z,;„,  November,  iSS.r  A  sLetd  o  h 
is  g.ven  .n  the  Aar.  and  Crit.  J/ut,  AmcrUa,t.ll 

—  A.  D.  1587. 

The  map  in  Ilakluyt's  edition  of  Peter  Martyr 
Lf.  ««/<•,  under  no.  79.  «»"ji. 

The  map  (,5X7)  j,,  Johannes  Myritius'  Opusculum 
CeosrapliHum,  Ingolstadi,  1590.  /-^cuum 

189.  A.  D.  1590.    Old  Virginia  by  John  White. 

This  .show.s  Chesapeake  bay  and  the  North  Caro- 
ma  coast.      This  is  the  map  l.y  Dc  l!ry  attache,    to 

en'Ls  of  Kalcigh's  company  in  icSc.  The  mi)  is 
r  it'!:  "-t;;;e  Joanne  NV^h  ;  s.?u^,tore  The'io,^ 
r,w  Wi  ■>  }  ^  ''^•'"•'^■^■•'^  With  to  be  the  .same  as 
Gov.  Uhite  ,,f  that  colony.  Parts  of  the  man  ai^ 
supposed  to  have  Ijcen  drawn  from  Ralph  Jane's 

Lnt.  ///,,/.  Am.nai.ux.   134.     Other  facsimiles  are 
fmf  hv  wl'  ''■'""■''••■':  "^  ^'"-"^  ^■'^'■"'"■•■'  I'y    lawks 

The  "()uld  VirKinia,"  in  Smith's  r;,wnj//  //is- 
tone  closely  resembles  this  map.  adding  however 
the  entrance  to  the  Chesapeake  at  the  nortn 

190.  A.  D.  1590.    The  same. 
A  rough  sketch. 


191.  A.  D.  1590     Roanoke  Island  and  Albe- 

marie  Sound,  by  White. 

wT^°.°'■'P"^'  °^  ^■'•^  '^  ■"  the  engraved  series  of 
Whjtes   drawing.,,   published    l,y    l)e    I!  y  "'"  h 

nSi      S  ''?^"'"  "^  "''^  i;"gli«hn.cn  in  Virginia '' 
I15S4J.     hcc />osf,  no.  203.  *" 

192.  A.  D.  1580.    Eaat  Coast  by  P.  Simon. 

sk-ffT  •Fu''''^.  Breton   to   the  Carolina  coast.     A 
sketch  without  annotation  by  Kohl. 

193.  A.  D.  1592.    East  Coast  from  Molineaux'B 

Globe. 

From  Flop-  la  to  the  .St.  Lawrence.     The  orieiml 
Riobe  ,s  in  the  Middle  Temple,  London.     Koh   ca  I 

Ab^^,^  m"'  '"'•^'".'•'="f  ''^P-'ini'^li  a-'d  English,   vrce 
About  Nova  Scotia  there  are  traces  of  a  Por      uese 
r-enclatur^^^Cf.  sketch  in  JVar.  a,„  ^^V,^ 

—  A.  D.  1592. 

Jh'f^  '"'''''•  '■'^'  '■ofluced  in  Kunstmann's  Afhs 
and  the  east  coast  sketched  in  the  AW.  aufcHt. 
Hist.  Amenca, ..,.  197,  with  references,  p.  196. 

—  A.  D.  1593. 

v-ornelius  de  Judreis.     It  is  sketched  in  the    V- 
ana  cm.  nisi.  America,  iv.  97.  " 

The  map  of  the  Mercator  type  in  MafTeius's  His 
toriarum  Indicarum  libri  XVL  *•»'"-•"«  s  //;.;- 


—  A.  I).  1594. 

the  Latin  Lirchore'i!'',,?a'guc.iS  '""'*''"'='  '" 

—  A.  n.  1596. 

194.  A.  I).  1597.    East  Coast  by  Wytfllet. 

From    Cape    Ilrcton   to    South   Carolina       The 

k-  i{.i  .  •""^'.''  ^".<'"'""<"><  published  in  i  coV 
K  hi  nnks  ,t  shows  the  earnest' attempt  a  raS 
tiic  Alleghany  M„untains.     The  parts  of  the  to  s^ 

;!:nd'a  Ji;;:^;- i='-"- "-  ^^^  -  ^^ 

Wvtlhit'.s  ma|)  of  the  coast  of  New  Prunswick 
andllabraclorisgiven  in  facsimile  ii^Uie  a!"  W 
cut.  J/nt.  Amena,,  iv.  100,  and  of  Florida  md 
Carolina  coasts  in  //,/,/.  ii.  28..  and  h  s  mai.  ,f 
America,  in  JOiJ.  ii,  p.  439.  '       "  "'"  '"''1*  "^ 

—  A.  D.  1597. 

The  maps  in  the  Ptolemies  of  this  year  (nos.  2  20 

^^L'Slio;;:'^'^"''^'^""-''^^'"^" 

—  A.  D.  1598. 

The  maps  in  the  Pasle  edition  of  Monster's  Cosmo- 

—  A.  n.  1600. 


lie  map  of  Quadus.     See  ante,  no.  oo. 

1  he  map  of  Molineaux,  wiiich  was  muoduced  by 
ti  c  Hakluyt  Society  in  iSSo,  and  of  which  a  sM 
of  the  east  coast  can  be  found  in  the  a",^  „«,/ CV// 
J/ist.  Amenca,  iii.  216,  i v.  377  ^'^"' 

^.Thc  map  in  Mctullus's  America,  based  on  Wyt- 

The  map  by  Jodocus  Hondius  of  about  this  time 
wh  ch  IS  ni.roduccd  in  the  Hakluyt  Society  "  edition 
oiV)xs.V.z\  World  Encom/assed.  "'•"-'y  »  edition 

—  A.  n.  1601. 

The  map  in  Ilcrrcra's  Dacripdon  de  las  Indias. 

—  A.  D.   1603. 

■•t  u^^^c  ''^  ^"*"°  '"  '^'■«  ^'•^orwnes,  of  which  a 
sketch  of  a  part  of  the  cast  coast  is  given  in  the 
A,;r.  a>u/  Crit.  Hist.  America,  iv.  378      ^  "'^ 

—  A.  E.  1606. 

(Mlcirid'T'^LG).''""^'^^'  ""'""'"'''  "'  ^-'i^"^« 

195.  A.  D.  1606     Champlain's  Map  of  Chatham 

Harbor,  Cape  Cod. 

This  is  taken  from  the  1613  edition  of  Chamnlain  • 

of  cl:;:^^^'' '"  *''^  ^-i^- --' ^-'o^Si^^^ 

196.  A.D.  I  for,.    ChampIain'sMapofGlouces- 

'^sr  Harbor,  Cape  Ann. 
This  is  taken  from  the  161  3  edition  of  Chamnliin  • 
of  Chassis;""  '"  "''^ ''  ^^  -^  ^^^^^^S^ 


THE   KOHL  COLLECTION   OF   EARLY   MAPS. 


37 


197   A.  i).iGo6.    Champlaln's  Map  of  Bt.  Croix 


in  the  2^ar.  and 


This  in  taken  from  tlic  if)!;!  edition  of  Champlain. 
It  is  rcpro-hKcd  in  ti.c  Nar.,ind  Cnt.Jfut.  Amenca, 
iv.  137,  ari  well  as  In  the  Uositon  and  Ijucbcc  editions 
of  Champlain. 

—  A.  D.  1606. 

Chamt>lain'9  map  of  the  harbor  of  riymoulh, 
Mass.  it  is  reproduced  from  the  161 1  edition,  in 
the  Oucl)cc  and  Hoston  editions  of  tlhainplain,  m 
the  .l/.;f.  "/  Aiiur.  /fhtorv,  in  'he  U.ir.  ami  Crf. 
//,./.  //«/<•/•/,•,.,  iv.  100,  and  in  VV.  T.  Davis's  4>u: 
LanJmarks  0/ Plymoulh,  35. 

—  A.  n.  1609. 

Lcscarhot's  map.  Cf  ante,  no.  165,  and  facsiinilo 
in  iV^ir.  and  Crit.  I/ist.  Aiiu-nat,  iv.  1  5:,  with  another 
in  the  A/.m,'n<i/  Hist,  of  Hoslon,  i.  p.  4')-  'I  'V*-'  »•»">« 
map  rcapinarcd  in  the  editions  of  Lescarbot  in  lOii 
and  1612.  and  in  the  Iv.glish  edition,  called  .Vt^v« 
J<y.,n,ia,  in  1609.  There  arc  other  facsiniles  of  the 
mip  in  Tross's  reprint  of  Lcscarbot,  in  I'aillon  s 
Colmie  Franfuise,  i.  85,  and  in  the  Pofhain  Ale- 

""aIso  his  map  of  Anmpolis  Basin,  Nova  Scoti-a, 
rcnroduced  in  the  jVar.  ami  Crit.  Hist.  Animca,  iv. 
140,  together  with  Chamrlain's  (p.  141)  of  the  same. 

—  A.  D,  161O. 

A  rude  map  of  the  coast  of  New  England  and 
Acadia  in  the  I'oore  Collection  of  French  l)oc,i- 
menta  in  the  State  House,  Uoston;  sketched  m  the 
Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America,  iv.  143. 

—  A.  D.  1612-13. 

The  coasts  of  Labrador,  Acadia,  and  New  Eng- 
land are  shown  in  Champlain's  two  general  maps  of 
1612  and  1613.  which,  besidi-  being  reproduced  in 
the  Uoston  and  (Quebec  c.'iiions  of  his  IVords  and 
(Fiwres.  are  given  also  in  f  icsiimle,  with  references, 
in  the  Mir.  ami  Crit.  Hist.  America,  iv.  pp.  380,  3S1, 

383- 

—  A.  D.  1613. 

Tho  map  in  connection  with  De  Qnir's  narrative 
in  the  JMationis  Freti,  etc.     Amsterihim,  «6i3- 

The  map  of  the  new  world  in  the  Hondius-Mer- 
cator  Atlas  oi  1613,  and  the  special  maps  of  Virginia 

and  Florida.  ,.,.,,,- 

The  western  hemisphere  by  Michael  Mercator  in 

the  same.  ,     ,     „..,,,         „ 

The  map  of  Johannes  Oliva  in  the  British  Museum. 

198.  A.  D.  1614.    John  Smith's  New  England. 

Kohl  followed  the  map  in  the  Gem-rail  History, 
16?".     The  map  first  appeared  in  his  Description  of 
Ncio  Eiii^lami  (London,    1616).     The   same   plate, 
successively  changed  or  added  to  was  used  in  later 
issues  associated  with  Smith's  name,  and  a  collation 
of  the  map  in  all  these  issues  shows  that  copies  of 
='  exist  in  at  least  ten  different  states  of  the  plate, 
ihese  are  all  indicated  in  the  Memorial  Hist,  of 
Boston,  i.  p.  52,  whence  the  detailed  statement  in 
Arber's  edition  of  Smith  is  copied.     The  map  was 
copied  by  Hulsius  in  1617,  wr.^  >r~fd  f.rveral  times 
by  him,  .and  one  state  or  another  of  Smith  s  plate 
has  been  repeatedly  reproduced  in  later  days,  as 
described  in  the  Mem.  Hist.  Uoston,  to  whose  enu- 
meration may  be  .added  the  facsimile  in  the  volumes  of 


Th(  English  Scholars'  Library,  edited  bv  Edward 
Arber  (London,  I>W4).  tntitUd  Caft.  >/'«  .S/'"/A  ■• 
Works;  and  the  map  called  SouvtlU  Ani^Uterre 
txaetemeut  dkritt  par  U  Capitaint  Jean  i>m>t/i  dans 
hs  deux  voyai'es  futts  tn  lOH  tt  1010,  published  at 
Lcydcn  in  1700. 

199.  A  D.  1616.    Nbw  Netherland. 

This  shows  the  coast  from  below  Chesapeake  Ray 
to  beyond  the  I'enobscot,  and  is  the  »(>-ca  led  fig- 
ur.ative  map,"  discovered  in  Holland  by  Urodhcarf. 
Portions  of  this  inaj)  are  shown  in  '''<-',„-^"';v  ".'"*. 
Crit.  Hist,  of  America,  iv.  433 :  '-n'*'*'^" »  ^'I''^'* 
State.,  i.  247:  ^l/<"'-  /'"'•  />'"^''"'.  '•  !'•  5'-,,i^° 
whole  map  is  given  in  Doc.  relalrfetollie  LolonialHtst. 
of  N.  Y.\.  13.  and  in  O'Callaghan's  A.-w  Nether- 
land. See  the  section  on  early  maps  of  New  Eng- 
land in  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  Amerua,  111.  p.  3»i. 

200.  A.  D.  1618.    Leaoarbot'B  Florida. 

From  iiiiper  Florida  to  I'ort  Royal.  Taken  from 
the  plate  in  the  1618  edition  of  his  Xouvelle  l-rance. 
Kohl  says  some  of  his  errors  respecting  the  region 
.about  St.  Augustine  were  copied  by  De  L.aet  (sec 
tost,  no.  203).  The  "Riviere  de  M.iy'  is  made  to 
flow  to  the  sea  from  a  "Grand  l.ic"  in  the  lutcnor. 
Lescarbot  professes  to  have  marked  not  a  thirtieth 
part  of  the  Indian  villages,  while  he  names  those 
which  he  gives  after  their  chiefs. 


201  A.  D.  162 1.    A.  JaoobBZ*  Americee  Septon- 
trionalis  para. 

This  is  the  engraved  facsimile  of  a  p.  inted  map  in 
Dr  E.  n.  O'Callaghan's  Documents  relatini:  to  the 
Colonial  History  of  Nciu  York,  given  as  "from  the 
West-Indische  rask.acrt,  beschreven  door  A.  lacoDsz 
fiGiil,"  published  at  Amsterdam.  It  show.->  the 
C(,.ast  from  Labrador  to  the  i.sland  of  I  nniclad,  with 
the  Central  American  co.ist  on  the  Pacific  side. 

There  is  a  sketch  of  a  part  of  the  cast  coast  in  the 
Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America,  iv.  3S3,  and  f.acsimile3 
are  in  Valentine's  Ne^v  York  City  Manual,  1858,  and 
in  the  Pcnn.  Archives,  2d  ser.  vol.  v. 

202.  A.  D.  1622.    Roanoke  by  Straohey. 

Though  thus  marked  differently,  this  is  the  same 
map  as  no.  191. 

—  A.  n.  1622. 

The  maps  of  the  two  Americas  in  Kasper  von 
Bacrlc's  edition  of  Herrera. 

—  A.  D.  1624. 

Th  nap  of  the  New  England  and  Nova  Scotia 
coas*  which  appeared  in  Alexander's  Encourage- 
ment  io  Colonies,  ^^^  reproduced  in  l^»'chas  s  Z^/- 
cn-im.,  iv.  p.  1872,  and  is  given  in  facsimile  m  the 
Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist,  of  America,  lu.  306. 

203.  A.  D,  1625.    Florida  by  De  Laet. 

This  is  from  the  original  edition  of  De  Laet  in 
i6-'i;,  and  includes  the  country  from  Virgmia  cO  the 
Miiissippi.  Ic  w.as  repeated  in  later  "ht'ons  and 
is  called  "  Florida  ct  regiones  vicince.^  The  inland 
ceogr.aphv  is  based  on  De  Soto's  purney.  Ihe 
^tl!!;i;lip,,i  is  a  bav.  "  H.ihia  del  S.piritu  Sa.ito,"  fed 
i,V  many  streams.  "  For  Florida  (peiuiisuia)  nc  see.ns 
to  have  depended  on  the  accounts  of  Menendez,  and 
for  S.mth  Carolina  on  Lescarbot  (see  ante,  no.  200). 
An  interior  lake  (Lacus  Magnus)  may  have  grown 


38 


THE   KOHL   COLLECTION   OF  EARLY  MAPS. 


from  some  rumor,  Koh!  thinks,  of  Lake  Erie,  but  it 
was  in  tlie  Lcscarbot's  map  in  l(<iS.  A  facsimile  of 
the  Nortii  Carolina  coast  is  given  in  the  i\'ar.  and 
Crit.  JJist.  America,  iii.  p.  125. 

—  A.  n.  1625. 

lirigg's  map  in  Pure'  is's  Pilgrims,  iii.  See  ante, 
no.  (67. 

The  map  of  Virginia  and  Florida  in  Ibid.  iii.  869 
(after  llondius). 

—  A.  D.  1626. 

The  map  of  this  date  in  Speed's  Prospect,  London, 
1676. 

204.  A.  D.  1630.    Trom  Carolina  to  Nova  Sco- 
tia by  De  Laet. 

This  is  the  "Nova  Anglia,  Novum  Beli;ium  et 
Virginia"  of  T)e  Laet's  AWits  Orttis  of  i'6:;o.  It 
seems  to  combine  the  results  of  the  French,  Dutch, 
and  English  explorations,  and  names  in  the  corre- 
sponding languages  appear  along  the  coast.  The 
Delaware  rises  in  a  large  lake,  which  Kohl  thinks 
may  have  been  intended  for  Lake  Ontario.  The 
"Grand  Lac"  at  the  north  would  indicate  some 
knowledge  of  Champlain's  discoveries.  Smith's 
map  of  Chesapeake  bay  and  White's  map  of  Vir- 
ginia are  followed  in  part.  Portions  are  given  in 
facsimile  in  the  Xar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America,  iii. 
125,  iv.  436.  Cf.  skelch  of  Dc  Laet's  "  Nova  Er.ancia 
et  rcgiones  adjacentes,"  in  the  lYar.  and  Crit.  Hist. 
America,  iv.  3S4. 

—  A.  D.  1632. 
Champlain's  great  map.    See  ante,  no.  170. 


205.  A.  D.  1631. 


Williara  Wood's  New  Eng- 
land. 


It  shows  the  coast  from  York  (Me.),  to  Narragan- 
rett  ]{ay.  This  is  the  "South  Part  of  New  England 
as  it  is  planted  this  yeare,  1634,"  belonging  to 
Wood's  A'ew  EnglamFs  Pros/^ect,  London,  1634. 

There  are  facsimiles  in  the  .Mem.  Hist.  Boston, 
i.  p.  524;  Palfrey's  .Yr.u  Eni^'/and,  i.  p.  360;  Young's 
C/n-oiiicies  of  .Mass.  3S9,  and  separately  reproduced 
by  Wm.  li.  Fowle  in  1S46. 

—  A.  D.  1634. 

A  MS.  map  of  the  Massachusetts  Bay  Colonv  of 
about  this  year,  made  apparently  bv  Gov.  Winthrop, 
found  among  the  Sloane  MSS!  in'  the  British  Mu- 
seum in  1S84  by  Mcnry  F.  Waters.  A  full  si/e 
photographic  facsimile  was  matlc  for  the  Boston 
Public  Librarv;  a  smaller,  but  less  defective  one, 
was  made  for  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America, 
vol.  iii. 


206.  A.  D.  1635.    Maryland. 

This  is  the  "Nova  Terrx-Maria;  t.abnla"  which 
appeared  in  T/ie  Relation  of  Marvlaiid,  London, 
1635.  Smith's  map  is  followed  iii  tlie  main  for 
Chesapeake  bay,  with  .some  details  omitted,  and 
others  added.  The  namt's  on  the  I'ofnniar  arc 
those  given  by  Lord  lialtimore's  colony,  not  by 
Smith.  Cf.  reproduction  in  the  iVa'-.  and' Crit.  Hist. 
America,  iii.  525.  It  was  followed  in  ( )gill)v's  Amer- 
ica (London,  1671).     Sfi&post,  under  1670-73. 


—  A.  I).  1635. 

The  map  "  Nova  Bclgica  et  Anglia  Nova"  in  the 
Nieuwe  .Ulas  of  Blaeu,  Anjst<  rdam,  1635,  which  was 
largely  follcjwed  by  Dudley. 

The  map  •'  "ariie  meridiiviiale  de  la  Virginie  et  dc 
Floride,"  published  by  Vunder  Aa. 

—  A.  D.  1636. 

The  niajxs  in  the  English  edition  of  the  Mercator- 
Hoiidiiis  Atlas,  translated  by  lienry  He.\ham,  and 
printed  at  Amsterdam  in  1636.  Beside  the  general 
maps  in  vols.  i.  and  ii.,  there  are  in  vol.  ii.  special 
maps  of  Virginia,  apparently  following  Smith ;  of 
the  coast  from  the  Chesapeake  to  Te.\as  ;  while  the 
map  "  Nova  Anglia,  Novum  Belgium  et  Virginia  " 
shows  the  coast  from  Nova  Scotia  to  Carolina.  The 
New  iMigland  part  is  a  nii.\ture  of  Smith's  draft  and 
the  Dutch  maps.  The  Delaware  rises  in  a  large 
lake,  which  is  connected  by  another  stream  with  the 
Hudson. 

207.  A.  D.  1638.    New  England,  New  Nether- 
land,  and  Virginia  by  J.  Jansson. 

This  closely  resembles  no.  204,  and  covers  the 
same  territory. 

—  A.  D.  1646. 

Maps  by  Petrus  Kaerius,  dated  1646,  in  Speed's 
Prospect,  London,  1668.     See/w/,  under  16^,1. 

—  A.  D.  1646. 

Dudley's  maps  of  the  east  coast  in  his  Arcano  del 
Mare  are  sketched  in  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  Amer- 
ica, iii.  303,  iv.  385.  One  of  them  was  re-engraved 
in  the  Documentary  Hist,  of  A'.  V. 

His  Arcano  contains  the  following  special  charts  : 

1.  Gulf  of  St.  Lawrence  and  .idjacent  parts  (see 
ante,  under  no.  172). 

2.  The  coast  from  Monhegan  to  Cape  M.ay. 

3.  The  coast  from  Cape  Mav  to  Florida. 

4.  Chesapeake  Bay  and  the  N  orth  Carolina  sounds. 

—  A.  1).  1650. 

A  ma])  of  the  New  England  coast,  of  which  a 
drawing  is  in  the  A/ass.  Arcliires,  JMs.  Collected  in 
France,  ii.  61,  and  a  sketch  in  the  A'ar,  and  Crit. 
Hist,  of  America,  iii.  382. 

—  A.  1).  1651. 

^lap  of  this  date  in  Speed's  Prospect,  London, 
1676.     See  ante,  under  1C46. 

—  A.  n.  1651. 

Visscher's  map  of  Delaware  Bay,  in  Campanius, 
which  is  reproduced  in  Egle's  Pennsylvania,  43,  and 
in  the  A'ar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America,  iv.  467. 

—  A.  D.  1651. 

The  ctniously  distorted  Mapp  of  Virs^inia,  show- 
ing the  coast  from  New  England  to  North  Carolina, 
bv  "  Domina  Virginia  Farrer,"  jniblishcd  in  London 
l6sr,  and  reproduced  in  the  A'ar.  and  Crit.  Hist. 
America,  iii.  465.     Cf.  Mass.  Hist.  Soc.  Proc.  xx.  102. 

—  A.  n.  1651. 

Map  of  the  Chesapeake  based  on  John  Smith's,  in 
Atlas  Minor  published  by  Jannson  at  Amsterdam, 
vol.  ii.  p.  3S9. 


THE   KOHL  COLLECTION   OF   EARLY   MAPS. 


39 


ia  Nova"  in  the 
1635,  which  \v;is 

la  Viigiuic  ct  dc 


of  the  Mercator- 
■y  Hexham,  and 
side  the  general 
n  vol.  ii.  special 
wing  Sniitii;  of 
exas ;  while  the 
mi  ct  Virginia  " 
Carolina.  The 
niith'.s  draft  and 
rises  in  a  large 
stream  with  the 


New  Nether- 
aiisson. 

and  covers  the 


646,  in  Speed's 
ider  iC^i. 


his  Arcaiio  del 
"ril.  Hist.  Aiiicr- 
vas  re-cngraved 

special  charts : 
icent  parts  (see 

ijie  May. 
orida. 
Carolina  sounds. 


ist,  of  wliich  a 
vs.  ColU-ded  in 
Kar,  and  Ci  it. 


nfect,  London, 


in  Campanius, 
'Ivaiiid,  43,  and 
V.  467. 


Vi>xiiiia,  show- 
•Jorth  Carolina, 
hcd  in  London 
■ind  Ciit.  //ist. 
:  Proi.  XX.  102. 


ihn  .Smith's,  in 
It  Amsterdam, 


—  A.  n.  1652. 

The  general  maps  of  America  by  C.  F.  Visschcr 
(autore  N  I.  Piscator),  with  the  special  map  of  New 
Netlierland,  which  is  reproduced  by  Asher.  Ct. 
maps  under  no.  100,  ante. 

208.  A.  D.  1654.    Lindstrom's  New  Sweden. 

This  is  a  map  of  the  Delaware  River  and  Hay,  made 
bv  a  .Swedish  engineer.  It  is  given  m  the  ,\ar.  „nd 
da.  llht.  America,  iv.  4S1 ;  Nouv.  Annates  if es 
rouKes,  Mars, -1843 ;  Penna.  Hist.  Soc.  Memoirs,  ni. ; 
Gav's  Poh.  [list.  United  Slates,  w.  154. 

-fhc  MS.  map  of  Lindstnim  was  on  a  much  larger 
scale,  and  this  has  been  engraved  m  Reynolds 
edition  of  Acrelius. 

—  A.  D.  1654. 

A  Paseaert  published  at  Amsterdam  has  these 
maps  of  the  coast: 

No.  13.  From  Labrador  to  the  Chesapeake. 

No.  14.  From  Delaware  Bay  to  Trinidad. 

No.  15.  From  Nova  Scotia  to  Carolina. 

209.  A.  D.  1656.    Vanderdoiick'a  New  Nether- 
land. 


From  the  Delaware  to  beyond  the  Connecticut, 
with  tlie  vallov  of  the  Hudson.  It  accompanied 
Adrian  Vanderdonck's  Beschi-ijvin:^e  van  A'leuiv  Ae- 
dehvit,  Amsterdam,  1656,  and  there  is  a  heliutvpe  of 
it  ill  the  mr.  and  Ciit.  J/ist.  America,  iv.  43S,  ^i>" 
facsimiles  are  in  various  other  places  there  enumer- 
ated, as  well  as  in  Weise's  Hist.  0/ Albany,  47. 

210.  A.  D.  1656.    Sanson's  Canada. 

Shows  the  coast  from  I^abrador  to  the  Chesa- 
peake. This  is  a  preliminary  sketch.  Cf.  ante, 
under  no.  172.  It  is  partly  sketched  in  the  i\ar.  and 
Oil.  Hist.  America,  iii.  45^;  'v-  39'- 

—  A.  D.  1659. 
Map  in  Petavius's  (Petau's)  History  of  the  World 
The  coast  charts  in  Donckcr's  /.ee-Atlas,  repeated 

in  later  editions.  -n     ,•. 

The  "  Novi  Helgii,  novxque  Anglix  neciion  1  artis 
Virginia;  tabuUc  ''  of  N.  L.  Visscher,  published  at 
Amsterdam,  i()5g. 

—  A.  D.  1660. 

The  map  in  Creuxius's  f/istoria  Canadensis  shows 
the  east  coast.  Sec  ,;///.•,  no.  173.  This  map  is 
civen  in  facsimile  in  Shea's  Alississipfi,  p.  50,  in 
the  Xar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America,  iv.  p.  3S9,  and  \\\ 
Martin's  transl.  of  Bressani's  Relation. 

—  A.  D.  1661. 

The  "  Pascaerte  van  Nieu  Nederland "  in  Van 
Loon's  Atlas  (no.  46),  and  the  coast  north  of  Boston 
in  no.  45. 

—  A.  D.  1662. 

A  map  of  the  Carol'na  coast,  as  explored  by  Wil- 
liam liiUoii  and  diaflcd  l)y  William  Shapley.  A 
facsimile  of  the  original  in  the  ]5ritish  Museum  is 
given  in  the  Mass.  I  list.  Soc.  Proecedinx's,  December, 
1SS3,  ji.  402,  and  a  sketch  in  the  Nar.  and  Crtt.  Hist. 
America,  vol.  v. 


—  A.  u.  1662. 

Map  of  the  New  England  and  New  Netherland 
coast  in  the  Blaeu  Atlas,  in  the  volume  called  Ame- 
rica, fars  qninla.  It  was  repeated  in  the  edition  of 
16S5.  There  is  a  sketch  in  the  Aar.  and  Crit.  Hist, 
America,  iv.  391. 

—  A.  D.  1663. 

The  map  of  the  new  world  of  this  date  used  in 
Ileyliu's  Cosmo^-aphie,  1666,  1674,  1677. 

—  A.  D.  1663. 

A  MS.  map  of  the  coast  of  Acadia,  of  which  a 
copy  is  preserved  in  the  Poore  collection  in  the 
Mass.  Archives,  and  is  sketched  in  the  Nar.  and 
Crit.  Hist.  America,  iv.  148. 

—  A.  D.  1666. 

A  map  of  "  De  Noord  Rivier  "  published  at  Mid- 
dlcburgh,  and  also  in  (lous's  Zee- Atlas,  shows  the 
coast  about  New  York  harbor.  It  is  reproduced  in 
the  Lenox  edition  of  the  l'ertooi:;h  and  lirceden  Raedt 
and  in  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America,  iv.  440. 

—  A.  D.  1666. 
A  map  of  the  Carolina  coast  appended  to  A  brief 

Description  of  the  Pnn'ince  of  Carolina,  London, 
1666.  The  map  is  reproduced  in  Ilawks's  North 
Carolina,  and  in  Gay's  Pop.  Hist.  United  States,  11. 
285. 

—  A.  D.  1669. 
The  map  "  Amerique  Septentrionale  "  of  G.  San- 
son. 

—  A.  D.  1670. 
The  map  of  the  Carolina  region  given  in  John 

Lcderer's  Discoveries,  London,  1672.  There  is  a 
sketch  of  it  in  Hawks's  North  Carolina,  and  a  fac- 
simile in  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America,  vol.  v. 


—  A.  D.  1670-73. 

The  maps  in  Montanus,  Dapper,  and  Ogilby  at 
this  time  were  mainly  from  the  same  plates,  but 
there  were  exceptions: 

1.  De  niciiwe  en  onhehende  Weereld  door  Arnold 
Montanus,  Amsterdam,  1671.  The  map  of  America 
is  marked  "per  Gerardum  a  Schagen,"  and  repre- 
sents the  great  lakes  beyond  Ontario  merged  into 
one.     Some  copies  are  da'ted  1670. 

2.  Die  nnhckante  Neiie  Welt .  .  .  ditrch  Dr.  O.  D. 
(i  e.  Olfert  Dapper);  the  name  of  Montanus,  from 
whom  it  is  a  translation,  not  appearing.  It  is  pub- 
lished by  the  same  Jacob  von  Meurs  as  no.  I,  but 
omits  the  dedication  to  the  Prince  of  Nassau,  and 
has  a  different  "  privilegium  "  and  a  "Vorrede  .an 
den  Leser,"  not  in  no.  i.  It  has  the  same  map  of 
America,  but  it  is  newly  engraved,  with  diltcrcnt 
vignettes,  and  is  marked  "per  Jacobum  Meursium. 

-!  America,  heiiii,'  an  accurate  description  of  the 
Nr.o  World,  London,  1670.  This  is  mainly  a  trans- 
lation of  Montanus  bv  lohn  Ogilby,  and  notwith- 
standing the  date  (1670)  in  the  title,  there  is  a 
reference  on  p.  211  to  the  "iiresent  year,  ib7i. 
j^5,..(  nf  the  m'"'=  a"d  cnpravincs  are  from  tiie 
pl.at'es  used  in  nos.  t  and  2;  but  the' map  ot  America 
IS  an  entirely  different  one,  nuirked  "  per  Johannem 
Oniluium  .  .  .  F.  Lamb,  sculp."  A  part  of  thw  map 
is' given  in  facsimile  in  the  Nar.  and  Cnt.  Hist. 


40 


THE   KOHL    COLLECTION    OF    EARLY    f  APS. 


America,  iv.  393  There  is  an  extra  map  of  the 
Chesapcalce.  of  English  n.ake,  beside  the  one  tal  en 
from  Montanus,  and  also  English  n.aps  of  Jama  ca 
and  Barlwdoes,  not  in  Montamis.  J-""an.a 

4.  Amcrim  ;  heiiif;  the  hicst  and  most  accurate  dc 
scnptzon  of  the  Nr.o  IVorU.     This  is  made  «p  of  the 
same  sheets  as  no.  3.  with  a  new  title  and  an  appen 
dix,  not  ni  no.  3.     The  n.aps  of  no.  3  are  repealJcl. 

The  map  in  Richard  I51ome's  Eu^lish  Empire  in 
America,  m  which  he  followed  Sanson 
.."t''''!u"  "^'^f''^tc  is  a  chart  of  the  New  Encland 
KsrLv'FT"^ 'I?  '"''''''"■■rS5  ?'.  X  2,-!, feet),  f^^ound 
in  i8J}4  by  H.  F.  Waters  m  the  British  Museum. 

—  A.  Ij.  1675. 

rr,^  N  "'"''  '''*''^?  °^  Roggerveen,  published  in  sev- 
era  languages,  known  m  English  as  the  Burning 
J'oi,  contains  various  coast  charts  ■  ^ 

No.  I.  Cape  Breton  to  South  Carolina. 

PJo.  2.  Newfoundland  to  New  England  ' 

awar°e  bj-s!^°''"'  •^'"'"''"^-^^i"'  Chesapeake  and  Del- 

an?  Lo'°g  itfanS'''""^  ^^^'  "'^"'^  °^  '"^^  ""'^-". 
No.  31.  Narragansett  to  New  York. 

th  J/f ,""  T  .<=»;'"\^'-''«ti""s  of  I>utch  Zee.At!asse„  in 
tt  ^J^:T,  '^-^   yp"""^''"^  ^'->^>-tcn  bernstcde  il 
rfpl.-r  A^/    /'•^i'^'"''''''='''''''S«-  'S67),  and  in  P.  A. 
i  olkeiiknndc,  (Amsterdam,  KS84) 
h^^pcst,  no.  218,  for  Seller's  map  of  New  England. 


sSl  W,'-  .^^°'"  '"^  P""*"'  "^^P  belonging  to 
Sainuel  \V  ilson's  Account  of  the  Prcwince  of  Carolina 
•n  America  London,  16S2.     The  map  is  called  "A 

Ivop  S'?."°!l-^1  V'"t""?'  "^^  °"''^'-  °f  ''^e  Lordi 
iropiictors.  I  he  book  throws  no  licht  on  tlm 
origin  of  the  map,  but  Kohl  suspects  W    te's  nnn 

ana  Um.  hayles  surveys  have  been  used  for  the 
more  southerly  parts.  liohl  says  that  the  boimdarv 
l">el,cre  given  between  Carolina  and  V  rginia  is  tl  e 

The  dve'r"fl""fl  ""'  'T  '^^'"^  '^'^  ^own^/"  a  m  ^ 
1  no  nver  J\Iay  flows  from  a  large  "Ashley  I  ake  " 

It  IS  also  found  in  Chas.  Deane's  copy  ^Ognby's 
America,  a;>d  perhaps  in  other  copies.  ^     ^ 

—  A.  D.  1683. 

easYcoas{''"t?'''''/'  '\^""^^'"e  France  shows  the 
east  coast.     See  ante,  under  110.  179, 


—  A.  D.  1676. 

q  J''?,  ""^l'^  of  New  England  and   New  York    in 
Speed  ^Prospect  based  largely  on  the  Dutch  dra  t   • 

the  Ca^ol'i'nas."'  "^"^'^"''  '^^">  ""  «-"^^  -^^  ^^ 

—  A.  D.  1677. 

/«U^.,T''/"  ""'.'''^'■^''^  frrrative  of  the  Troubles 
f LT^^  -f '""(' ^  °''""'  1^77,  and  London,  1677,- 
the  latter  plate  being  reproduced  in  Palfrey's  AW.-, 

£oS;:^Z.;;^^'^'"'">J-'eeDavis'^ed.of 

—  A.  I).   16S0. 

A  chart  of  the  coasts  of  Maine,  New  Hampshire 
Massachusetts    and  New  Plymouth  (measuri'ng  3'^ 

ll  F.%v:tts'i'ir;S^8T''  '"  '"  ^'''^^  '^"^^""'^^ 

—  A.  D.  16S0. 

Maps  of  the  NewNetherlandcoast,  including  New 
England,  nuich  resembling  one  ano  her,  are  fmind 

hchenck,  \  isscher,  JJanckers,  Ottens.  Allard,  Scutter 
eu.  1  hey  are  Dutch  and  German,  and  were  nroln 
by  occasioned  by  the  tempf.rary  success  of  the 
Dutch  at  New  Amsterdam  in  1673^ 

211  and  212.  a.  n    1682.    WUson'a  Carolina 
( 1  wo  copies.) 
Shows   the    coast   from   the   Chesapeake   to   St 
Augustine,  with  a  corner  map  of  the  Cooper  and 


213.  A.  D.  1684.    Hack's  Carolina. 

inJ'i'f,'"'''''i  •■'  "'■'"'^  r^'Y'y  i^'entical  with  nos.  2u 
and  212,  and  is  signed  "Made  bv  William  ILark  at 

st.airs    n    Wapping.      Anno   Domini    1684."      The 
original  is  a  printed  map.  ^ 

—  A.  D.  1684. 

Franqnelin's  great  map  sho-vs  the  east  coast.  It 
IS  sketched  in  the  AW.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America 
IV.  228.     See  ante,  under  no.  100.  ^vtaua, 

—  A.  D.  1685. 

aI!'^  'L^°^-\"^'e'>  et  Anglia  nova"  in  Blaeu's 
At/as.     See  ante,  under  A.  n.  166' 

coS"''it  k\T.t  i^'.^'T"''""  ^^"'^^  tJie  east 
coast.  It  IS  sketched  in  the  jVar.  and  Crit.  Hist 
America,  iv.  237.  '' 

J«^Z  "^  ^'''\  England  in  Seller's  AVw  Enirland 

fr^"T^°l''yV'"'J'  ""  --eproduction  in  I>al- 
irc)  s  Ac7c'  England,  111.  489. 

See  the  map  of  New  England  and  New  York 
given  m  Casscll's  United  St^.,  i.  330,  as  da^d  iS' 
and  engraved  by  Michault.  ^' 

—  A.  D,  1687. 

hhMaTT  )l  ^^"■'J'v"  '",^'°me's  Present  State  of 
"'(14,  ■'%'{  '  ^''^-'""'IJ/rntorics  in  America,  Londo,( 
the  7',.i  "  "'•'''  ''^  ^?'  ^'"Klancl  is  re,,roduced  in 
l^rll  t  ^'^^^'■'"''K  the  attack  on  Half  eld  and  Deer- 
/r/,/,  ^cw  ^ork  (Bradford  Club),  1859;  that  of 
Carolina  -s  m  the  Aar.  and  Cril!  J/i^' An^^-i^, 


—  A.  D.  16S8. 

The  "Canada"  of  Coronelli,  "CornVe'e  et  aup- 
mentee  par  Tillemon,"  "partie  orientale."  ,,ublished 
in  Jans  m  i6S,S,  and  on  a  reduced  scale  in  16S0 
shows  the  east  coast,  after  the  Dutch  drafts.  "^ 

The  map  of  New  I'.ngland  in  the  Amsterdam 
editions  (16SS,  17,5)  of  Blome  is  difTercMt  fr<m  the 
one  n.amid  ante,  under  a.  d.  1687.  That  of  16S8  is 
reproduced   in  the   JVar.  and  Crit.  Hist.   America, 


—  A.  D.  1689. 


S  )    m^k'""!''  ''^  ^?""'",\ '"  "'<^  collection  of  Mr. 
a.  L.  M,  Barlow  in  New  Vork. 


THE  KOHL  COLLECTION  OF  EARLY  MAPS. 


41 


map  belonging  to 
<-(n)ince  of  Carolina 
map  is  called  "  A 
rder  of  the  Lords 

no  light  on  the 
ects  White's  map 
rth  Carolina  part, 
leen  used  for  the 
:hat  the  boundary 
nd  Virginia  is  the 

down  in  a  map. 

Ashley  Lake." 

copy  of  Ogilby's 


France  shows  the 


a. 

il  with  nos.  211 
William  Hack  at 
eland,  near  new 
ni    16S4."      The 


east  coast.    It 
Hist.  America, 


iva  "  in  Blacu's 

'hows   the   east 
and  Crit.  Hist. 

jYc^ci  England 
duction  in  Pal- 

id  New  York, 
,  as  dated  1684, 


"^resent  State  of 
•tcrica,  London, 
reiJrodiiccd  in 
'field  and  Da-r- 
1859;  that  of 
^/ist.   America, 


•npec  et  aug- 
Ic,"  published 
^cale  in  16S0, 
Irafts. 

;  Amsterdam 
■CMt  from  the 
at  of  16S8  is 
'ist.   America, 


ction  of  Mr. 


—  A.  D.  1690. 

A  map  of  New  E.igland  and  New  York,  publi^l.ed 
in   Imuon  bvTlunnas  Basset  about   i6<)0      It   ;   is 

c  c  Vctenstics  ..f  the  prevailing  Dutch  cartog- 
raphy a."l  twcntv-fwe  copies  have  been  reproduced 
in  facsimile  for  J.  Hammond  IrumbuU. 

—  A.  D.  169I. 

The  map  in  Leclercq's  £taHissemcnt  do  la  Foy, 
which  is  reproduced  in  J.  G.  Shea's  cranslation  of 
that  book. 

Cotton  Mather's  New  Eng- 
land. 


214.  A.  D.  1696. 


The  "Exa-t  Mapp  of  New  England  and  New 
York,"  contained  in  Mather's  Magmdia  London 
1702,  in  which  he  speaks  of  his  map  under  date  of 
,606  There  has  been  a  facsimile  made  of  it.  It  is 
also  reproduced  in  Cassell's  United  States,  1.  pp.  492. 
516. 

—  A.  D.  169/. 

Hennepin's  map  in  the  KouvcUe  Dhmivcrte.     _ 
All'ird's  Minor  Atlas  of  about  this  date  contains : 
"  Nova  lielgica  ct  Anglia  nova,"  presenting  the 
nrevailinc  Dutch  drafts.  ...  ,. 

'   "Toiius  Neobelgii  nova  tabula"  gives  the  coast 
from   the    Chesapeake   to    the    Penobscot,   with    a 
nicture  of  New  York  after  its  recapture  (1673). 
"  Nova  Virginia:  tabula,"  following  Smith  s  map. 


—  A.  D.  1698. 

Gabriel  Thomas's  map  of  the  New  Jersev  coast 
and  1  l.iware  Bav,  which  appeared  ■"  h's/''''""' 
of  Pennsylrania,:u^A  is  reproduced  ^^  ^f^^ 
'United  States,  i.  282,  and  in  the  Aar,  and  Cnt.  Hi^t. 
America,  iii.  501. 

—  AD.  1700.  (?) 

Courtenay  in  the  aarlcstcn  Year  nooh  {1S83) 
places  before  1700  "  A  new  map  of  Carolina,  ot 
which  he  gives  a  facsimile.  ,       •       .i,„ 

A  colored  chart  of  about  this  date,  flowing  the 
coasts  of  New  France,  New  Scot  and  and  New 
England  (measuring  ilJ  X  n".  feet)  found  by  Mr.  H. 
F.  Waters  in  the  British  Museum  in  1864. 

215.  A.  D.  1700.    Province  of  New  York. 

It  shows  the  country  as  far  north  as  the  M"';^^^!^- 
from  a  little  distance  east  of  the  Connecticut  to  a 
Sd^an  west  of  Perth  Amboy.  It  foUo.vs  a  map 
in  the  State  Paper  Oftice,  London,  marked.  A 
n  ap  of  thfprovince  of  N.  v  Vorke  in  America  by 
Augustin  Graham.  Survey  Ccneral,"  and  is  de  Il- 
ea ed  to  Lord  BcUomont.  The  last  grant  on  the 
map  is  put  down  as  in  .697,  ami  Kohl  conjectures 
the  map  must  have  been  made  about  1,00.  lie 
g  anrdistinguished  are  chiefly  on  the  eastern  side 
li  the  Hudson,  and  date  from  '6V,  to  .697.  It 
shows  also  the  grant  along  both  sides  of  the  Mo- 
hawk River  in  1697  to  Godfray  Dclhus. 

216.  A.  R.  1700.    The  same. 

Another  copy,  less  perfect,  and  without  annota- 
tions. 

—  A.  n.  1701-1721. 

The  maps  in  John  Thornton's  Atlas  Maritimus. 


—  A.  D.  1702. 

The  map  in  Campanius.  See  ante,  under  no.  100, 
and  his  more  detailed  map  showing  the  coast  from 
Maine  to  the  Chesapeake,  given  also  in  facsimile  m 
the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America,  iv.  485. 

217.  A.  D.  1709.    LawBon's  Carolina. 

Shows  the  coast  from  Cape  Henry  to  St.  Augus- 
tine. It  is  copied  from  the  map  in  John  Law-son  s 
History  of  Carolina,  London,  1714-  The  first  edition 
was  in  1709,  and  the  map  is  repeated  in  the  German 
translation,  Hamburg,  1712,  1722. 

—  A.  D.  1709. 

La  Ilontan's  Carte  Glnirale  de  Canada  shows  the 
New  England  and  Acadian  coast,  and  this  part  is 
given  in  facsimile  in  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  Amer- 
ica, iv.  153. 

218.  A.  D.  171-?    Seller's  New  England. 

Shows  the  coast  from  the  Kennebec  to  beyond 
the  Connecticut  River.     It  is  called  "A  mapp  of  New 
England  by  John  Seller,  hydrographer  to  the  King, 
and  was  made  not  long  alter  1700,  as  Kohl  thinks. 
The  original,  which  is  more  extended,  is  in  Harvard 
College  library,  and  a  text  accompanying  it  seems  to 
be  taken  froin  Josselyn's    Two  Voyages.    It  is  cer- 
tainly not  so  late  as  Kohl  puts  it,  since  Josselyn  s 
book  was  printed  in  1674-  and  the  map  itself  's  men- 
tioned in  the  London  Gazette  in  1676,  as  follows. 
"  There  is  now  extant  a  map  of  New  England,  a',  is 
now  divided  into  three  great  colonies  of  Plymouth. 
Massachusetts,  and  Connecticut,  with  a  printed  de- 
scription by  John  Seller." 


—  A.D.  I7I3- 

The  rude  delineation  of  the  east  coast  in  Joutel's 
jlolll  kistori,ue,  Paris,  ,713;  This  map  is  repro- 
duced  in  the  Mai;,  of  Amcr.  Hist.  18S2,  p.  i»S,  ana  in 
A   P.  C   Griffin's  Discot'ery  of  the  Mississippi,  p.  20. 

_  A.D.  1718. 

Nicolas  de  Fer's  "Partie  meridionale  de  la  riviere 
de  Mississippi"  shows  the  Carolina  and  Florida 
coasts. 

219.  A.D.  1720 (?)    Carolina. 

This  follows  a  T^IS.  map  preserved  in  the  British 
State  Paper  Office,  bearing  no  date,  but  evidently 
made  .after  17m.     On  it  is  marked  : 

"1  The  way  Coll.  Barnwell  marched  from  Charls- 
town,'  17",  wfth  the  forces  sent  from  S.  Carol,  to 

"^^t^^^^^o^^  -arched  in  the  1712 
witlfihe   orccs^sent  for  the  relief  of  North  Carolina. 

"3  The  way  Corol.  >Laurice  Moore  marched  m 
the  vear  \1\\  with  recruits  from  South  Carolina. 

U  Tic  wav  Corol.  Maurice  Moore  went  in  the 
veari7  ?  W  th  the  forces  sent  from  North  Carolina 
to  the^as^stance  of  S.  Carolina.    This  march  was 

arthcr  continued  from  Fort  M^-^  ^^^-^^^Xe 
near  a  N.  W.  course,  150  miles  to  the  Charokee 
Indians  who  live  among  the  mountains. 
^  Thcr;  is  a  sketch  of  the  map  in  the  Nar.  and  Cnt. 
Hist.  America,  vol.  v. 

_  A.  D.  1722. 

The  map  of  "Nouvelle  France"  in  La  Potherie, 
repeated  in  the  1753  edition. 


42 


J]^l_KOHL   COLLECTION    OF    EARLY    MAPS. 


i;J!| 


—  A.  D.  1728. 

Harbor  '  ^'^  ^^^^"^''^  gulf,  and  Boston 


220.  A.  D.  1730. 


^"^^^j^^Map  of  South  Caro- 


ami  presented  to  Krancis  Niei.„ls(  ,  7.\  '  r-  '-"^"l"'-"' 


7 
'3 


14. 

16. 
19. 


—  A.  D.  1730. 

facsinule  i„  Cassell's  ^^is^^.;^'^;;^  -  £'-"  i» 
221.  A.  D.  1733.    Popple's  Boston  Harbor 

.v.,;  ;,i,idf  h.,.  T ,  ihct  ci,,'^,f ;;f  f'T" ";  ""•"■■ 


pitTccd  at  the  angle  ^'^Pe  <^"cl -s 

'^<i'w'"'"''^'"'^'->''y''yMa^k 

n'CsaiHMke  and  Delaware  l.avs 

I -mvei-  Chesapeake  aiul  the  Vir.rinia  rivers 

C.ir.,hna  and  Charleston  Harbor. 

—  A.  D.  1746-1748. 

bul^-^'m'!i"^''f."'^T!'''^"'^  Septentrionalc"  (Parisi  • 

—  A.  D.  1747. 

^J  America  "  in  Bowcn's  Complete  System  of  Ceog. 

—  A.  D.  1753. 

Kobert  de  Vangondy's  Carte  de  Canada. 

—  A.  D.  1755. 

in  WIm.lcsc'vC  /^.^i,/:"^^"'"'  ^^'"^'^  '■'*  reproduced 

ch^nsa„.,V!^;.^^\;:-4;:;;;p^!!;-in«theKn«,i., 

ocSri£h!:™^^ 

and  JOngHsh  Kove^^niras  ^   h  "bollnd^  o^''^' •" 
respective  possessions  in  America.  ""''" 

—  A.  n.  1757. 

C.7;y.-  ,/.•  /a  Arouz'eUe  Angleterre/>ar  M.  B. 


—  A.  D.  1738. 
The  map  of  America  in  Keith's  Virginia. 

—  A.  D.  1741. 

inSuii^.'f'^^cS  ""'^^---'^  British  Empire;  also 

—  A.  D.  1742. 

vaS^s  ^SLS^^  '^"'"'^'-'^    ^'   I^ondon,  has 
Nos.  2.  Newfound'land  to  JTudson's  Rav 

3-  Labr.adur  to  Cape  St.  Ron„o. 

4-  Another  coverhit:  the  same. 

5-  Newfoundland  to  Maryland 


—  A.  D.  1764. 

J\rap  of  North  America  by  ]\r    new  ^rl    U   ir 

—  A.  D.  1769. 

225.  A.D.  ,787.    Franklin's  Gulf-Stream 

taincd    froni   Cin      F    '  "'•■>(  -Stream  was  ol> 

whaleme  °  ind  cnuse  *^?.'"',:'"'  "^  ""t  ^'-'ntucket 
chart  in  l/on  In  ,  f/.^tl  e  benl^t''!? "''•'  ""  ">f  "'^' 
Franklin."     K,,l  1  r\ik  n,'  r    "^  "avigators,  by  13. 

pricked  on  the  chir'f  Tf  L  ■  \l  '"  ^-''filand  is 
■Tap  in  rC,kH  \  /vi),  r;'!'"''/'^''™  an  engraved 
^'■A-rs  (Londo,;.\-787^""''^'""'  '""^  ^J//.r.v//.;,.w. 


THE  KOHL  COLLECTION   OF   EARLY   MAPS. 


43 


Ffenry  Soutluvooci. 
"■•k,  with  scijuiatc 
)ur-    Cape  Cod  is 

I  vicinity  by  Mark 

lie  bays. 

lie  Viifiinia  rivers. 

I  Harbor. 


rionalc"  (Paris); 
was  iJublisiieil  at 


System  of  Ceog- 


mada. 


".  etc.,  showing 

liritisli  Cohnii-s, 
li  is  rc'])rocliicfd 

'III  Amerifd,  2cl 
i'lg  the  English 

re  riritish  Sfttlc- 
rintcd  London, 
the  back  setllc- 

"•  47.552- 
d  at  this  time, 
en  the  French 
ounds  of  their 


^I.B. 


ed.  by  Va„. 
i^iuyclopcdie. 


erica  in   The 
'"rench  Emy. 


earn. 

Florida,  and 

am  was  ol). 

Nantucket 

on  the  old 
;atGrs,  by  13. 
ipt  specially 
The  prefer- 

England  is 
in  engraved 
^isixilancoits 


VII. 

THE   MISSISSIPPI   VALLEY. 

%•  See  also  the  maps  in  Sections  II.,  III.,  and  VIII. 

—  A.  U.  1 500,  etc. 

The  earliest  maps  show  what  stands  with  some 
for  the  Gulf  of  Ganges,  and  with  others  for  the 
(Milf  of  Mexico  (as  in  the  Admiral's,  ant,;  no.  32, 
and  Reisch's,  anh;  no.  33).  They  also  show  in  th-i 
country  north  of  this  gulf,  the  region  ultnnatcly  to 
be  developed  as  the  Mississijjpi  Valley.  We  begin 
to  have  a  rudimentary  river,  usually  called  "  Rio 
de  Spiritu  Santo  "  as  in  the  map  of  die  gulf  published 
by  Navarretc  (f'ost,  no.  2.17)  ;  and  this  representa- 
tion of  a  g>cal  river,  (lowing  into  the  north  part  of 
the  gulf,  can  be  traced  down  through  various  maps, 
like  that  of  Cortes  in  152.^  (post,  no.  248)  ;  of  Mai- 
ollo  in  1527  (antf,  under  no.  39)  ;  those  of  Ribero, 
1529  [ante,  no.  41)  ;  Mercator,  1541  (under  no.  54) ; 
the  Ulpius  globe,  1542  (under  no.  55)  ;  the  Cabot 
mai)pemonde,  1544  (""der  no.  56) ;  the  Medina  map 
of  J  545  ('"O.  59) ;  the  map  given  in  the  Nar.and  Crit. 
Hist.  America,  ii.  p.  292  ;  liellerc/s  of  1 554  (no.  64)  ; 
Vopellio's  of  1556  (under  no.  66);  Ifomem,  1558 
(no.  67);  Z.iltiere,  1566  (no.  94);  I^i^s  Liens,  1566 
(under  no.  69);  Dr.  Dee's,  15!-' i  (no.  96),  and  Dc 
Bry's,  1596  (cf.  Nar.  and  Crit.  ifist.  Amer.,  iv.  99). 

M.aps  of  the  type  of  Mercator  (no.  71),  Ortelius, 
1570  (no.  72),  and  Martines  (nos.  75,  77)  make  the 
water-ways  run  across  the  continent. 

We  find  the  earliest  special  treatment  of  this 
river,  in  a  kind  of  parallel  network  of  streams,  .as 
shown  in  Wytfliet's  Florida  et  Apalc/ie  (no.  264)  ; 
and  Wytfliet's  draft  is  followed  in  a  map  of  about 
1622,  America  ncn'iter  dclincata,  and.  Jiidoco  Ifondio, 
Jo'luinnes  Janssonins  cxcndit,  and  in  another  of  1636, 
called  Nm'issima  et  accuratissima  totius  Amertae  de- 
scrif<tio,  per  AT.  Visschcr. 

Jefferys,  in  the  map  in  his  Northwest  Passa,(;e,  1708, 
shows  the  course  of  the  lower  Mississippi  by  a  dotted 
line,  professing  to  engrave  the  map  from  the  "  Iler- 
rera  of  1608  ;  "  but  the  maps  in  the  early  editions  of 
Ilerrera  do  not  have  the  dotted  line. 

226.  A.  D.  1656.    Sanson's  Mississippi. 

It  represents  the  mouth  of  the  Mississippi  as  a 
bay  ("  Bahia  del  Espiritu  Santo")  into  which  v.-i- 
rious  rivers  empty,  having  their  sources  in  a  semi- 
circular range  of  mountains,  of  which  one  end 
extends  towards  the  Florida  peninsula,  and  the 
other  is  in  Texas.  The  names  within  this  beU  of 
mountains  are  derived  from  the  accounts  of  De 
Soto's  march.  

Later  maps  of  Sanson  follow  this  draft,  as  in  his 
Amirique  Septentrionale,  1669. 


227.  A.  D.  1673  Marquette's  Upper  Missis- 
sippi, showing  the  portages  to  Lake 
Huron. 

It  follows  a  sketch  preserved  in  St.  Mary's  Col- 
lege, Montreal,  and  is  copied  from  the  engraving  of 
it  given  in  French's  Hist.  Coll.  0/ Louisiana,  iv.  Dr. 
Shea  first  brought  forward  this  map,  in  his  Discovery 
of  the  Mi^'issi/'/'i..  in  1S53 ;  and  he  used  the  fac- 
simile which  he 'caused  to^he  made  tor  that  book,  in 
his  edition  of  the  Jesuit  A'elations  of  1673-79  ;  and  it 
has  since  been  reproduced  in  Douniol's  Mission  du 
Canada  (with  a  sketch  of  a  cabin  on  it,  which  does 


not  belong  to  it),  IJlanchard's  History  of  the  North- 
west, 1  f  urlbut's  Chicai;o  Antiquities,  Andreas'  Chicago, 
in  the  Report  of  the  U.  S.  Chief  of  Eni^ineers,  1876, 
vol.  iii,,  and  in  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America,  iv 
220. 

228.  A  D.  1673.    Marquette's  Mississippi  ex- 
tended to  the  gulf. 

This  follows  the  map  given  in  Thevenot's  Re- 
ciieil  de  yoyat^es,  Paris,  1681,  as  Marquette's,  but 
which  W.XS  the  work  of  the  Jesuits.  (Cf.  Harrisse, 
no.  202.)  The  sketch  in  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist. 
America,  iv.  221,  is  from  the  Parkman  copy  of  the 
original  map,  which  has  now  disappeared  from  the 
Hibliothetiuc  Nationale  in  Paris.  Sparks,  in  his 
Life  of  Marquette,  copies  the  engraving  in  Thevenot, 
whose  title  differs  from  that  of  the  Parkman  copy. 
The  Catal,  if  the  Library  of  Parliament  (Toronto), 
1858,  shows  another  copy.  It  is  reproduced  in  An- 
dreas' Chicago,  i.  47,  and  in  Breese's  Early  Hist,  of 
Illinois. 

—  A.  D.  1673. 

Pays  et  petiple  dlcouverts  en  1673  ''<*"■''  '"  t^*^ 
sefitehtrionale  de  VAmirique  par  P.  Marquette  et 
Joliet,  sitivant  la  descri/>tion  qu'ils  en  ont  faite,  recti- 
fiee  sur  diverses  observations  fosllrienres  de  nouveau 
mis  en  jour  par  Pierre  Vander  Aa  (J  Leide. 

—  A.  D.   1674. 

Joliet's  earliest  map,  Nouvelle  dicouverte  de  plu- 
sieurs  nations  dans  la  Nouvelle  France  en  Vannce 
1673  et  1674,  showing  the  whole  length  of  the  Mis- 
sissippi, and  published  by  Gravier  in  colored  fac- 
simile, in  an  Litude  sur  une  carte  inconmic,  which 
api)eared  in  the  Mhnoires  du  Conqrhs  des  America- 
nistes,  1879,  and  in  the  Ranie  de  Geographic,  Feb.  1880. 
This  reduced  colored  facsimile  is  given  in  the  Mag. 
of  Amer.  Hist.  1883,  and  in  A.  P.  C.  Griffin's  Dis- 
coverv  of  the  Mississippi  ;  and  there  are  sketches  of 
it  in' Andreas'  Chicago,  \.  p.  49;  and  in  the  Nar.  and 
Crit.  Hist.  America,  iv.  p.  208. 

Cf.  a  map  in  the  Parkm.in  Collection,  of  which 
there  is  a  sketch  in  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  Amer- 
ica, iv.  p.  206. 

—  A.  D.  1674. 

Joliet's  larger  map  is  supposed  to  be  lost.  There 
is  what  is  called  a  copy  in  the  Harlow  Collection  of 
ALips,  belonging  to  S.  L.  M.  Barlow,  Esq.,  of  New 
York.  A  sketch  of  it  is  given  in  the  iVar.  and  Crit. 
Hist.  America,  iv.  pp.  212,  213.  Cf.  Harrisse,  Notes 
sur  la  Nouvelle  France,  no.  203.  (See  ante,  no. 
I77') 

—  A.  D.  1674. 

Joliet's  smaller  map  is  also  in  the  Barlow  Collec- 
tion, and  a  sketch  from  it  is  given  in  the  Nar.  and 
Crit.  Hist.  America,  iv.  p.  214.  Cf.  Harrisse,  no. 
204  ;  Parkman's  La  Salle,  p.  453. 

Cf.  for  the  Ohio  valley,  no.  3  of  the  Parkman 
maps,  given  in  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America,  iv. 
p.  215. 

—  A.  D.  1675. 

The  "  Bahia  del  Spierto  Santo "  in  Rogeveen's 
Burning  Fen,  no.  19. 


44 


THE    KOHL   COLLECTION    OF    EARLY   MAPS. 


—  A.  D.  1679-1681. 

Harrisse  (nos.  209,  213-218)  cites  early  maps  of 
Franquelin  for  these  years.  Parkman  .iitributcs  to 
Fraiiquclin  a  Car/e  de  I'Aiiu^riquc  septcntrionale,  .  .  . 
avec  les  nouvelles  dccoiivertes  de  la  Riviire  Mississipi 
OH  Colbert  (cf.  Parkman's  La  Salle,  p.  455;  Harrisse, 
no.  219). 

—  A.  D.  1682. 

From  a  copy  of  Franquelin's  map  of  this  date  in 
the  Barlow  Collection,  a  sketch  is  given  in  the  Mir. 
and  Crit.  Hist.  America,  iv.  227.  It  sliows  the  mouth 
of  the  Mississippi,  but  there  is  a  blank  northward 
from  the  mouth  till  the  Ohio  is  reached. 

229.  A.  D.  1682  (.').    Franquelin's  Mississippi 

After  a  MS.  map  in  the  Depot  de  la  Marine  at 
Paris,  called  "Carte  generale  de  la  France  .septen- 
trionale  .  .  .  Faite  par  le  Sieur  folliet."  It  is  dedi- 
cated to  Colbert.  On  the  margni  is  "Johannes  Lu- 
dovicus  Franquelin  pinxit." 

Harrisse  {no.  214)  puts  this  under  1681.  It  is 
sketched  from  the  Parkmaa  copy  in  the  Nar.  and 
Crit.  Hist.  America,  iv.  218, 

230.  A.  D.  1682.     The  Misslasippi  by  Hen- 

nepin. 

It  shows  the  coast  from  Maine  to  Texas,  and  ex- 
tends to  600  north.  It  has  no  annotations,  and  is 
marked  "  Rejected." 

231.  A.  D.  1683.    Hennepin's  Mississippi 

It  shows  the  coast  from  Labrador  to  Texas.  This 
is  after  the  map  in  the  16S3  edition  of  Hennepin's 
Description  de  la  Loitisiaiie,  in  which  he  combined 
Marquette's  travels  with  his  own,  and  left  the  Mower 
Mississippi  a  dotted  line.  It  is  called  Carte  de  la 
Nouvelle  France  ct  de  la  Louisiane.  It  is  given  in 
part  in  facsimile  in  the  A^ar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America, 
IV.  249,  with  references  ;  and  the  whole  map  is  repro- 
duce 1  in  Dr.  Shea's  edition  of  Hennepin,  and  in 
Winchell's  Final  Re/^t.  Geol.  Survey  0/  Minnesota, 
p.  6.    Cf.  Harrisse,  no.  352. 

—  A.  D.  1684. 

Franquelin's  great  Carte  de  la  Louisiane,  of  which 
a  sketch  is  given  in  the  A'ar.  and  Crit.  Hist  America, 
iv.  228,  from  a  copy  in  the  Parkman  Collection  of 
maps  in  Harvard  College  Library.  (Cf.  Parkman's 
La  Salle,  pp.  295,  455  ;  Harrisse,  no.  222  ;  Thomassy, 
GMoffie  practique  de  la  Louisiane,  p.  227.) 

Harrisse  (no.  223)  refers  to  a  Carte  de  rAmcriqiie 
septentrionale  of  De  la  Croix,  which  is  assigned  also 
to  Franquelin. 

—  A.  D.  1685. 

Carte  de  la  Louisiane,  by  Minet.  It  is  sketched  in 
the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America,  iv.  237,  with  refer- 
ences, from  a  copy  in  the  Barlow  Collection  (cf.  Har- 
risse, no.  225). 


232.    A.  D.  1688.    The  Mississippi  by  Franque- 
lin. 

It^is  called  Carte  manuscripte  de  PAmerique  septen- 
trionale par  y.  B.  Louis  Franquelin,  Hydroi^rnphe  du 
Roy  en  Canada.  Quebec  en  168S.  It  gives  the  Mis- 
sissippi a  wide  zigzag  course,  and  makes  it  debouch 
on  the  coast  of  Texas.    Kohl  has  not  annotated  it. 


It  h.-is  been  engraved  for  E.  D.  Neill's  History  of 
Minnesota,  1882;  and  this  engraving  is  reproduced 
in  the  A'ar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America,  iv.  230,  231  and 
in  Winchell's  Final  Report  of  the  Geological  Surzey  of 
Minnesota,  vol.  i.  pi.  2. 

233.  A.  D.I  688.    The  Mississippi  by  Coronelll. 

This  is  from  Father  Cornnelli's  published  map, 
America  Settentrionale,  i6vSS.  He  seems  to  have 
been  ignorant  of  Marquette's  discoveries.  The  Mis- 
souri  IS  not  indicated.  The  "  Ouabache  "  is  about 
where  the  Ohio  should  be  ;  and  the  "  Ohio  "  runs 
parallel  with  it  further  south. 

A  sketch  of  the  map  by  Coronelli,  as  corrected  by 
Tilleman,  Paris,  16S8,  is  given  in  the  Nar.  and  Crit. 
Hist.  Amer.ca,  .v.  232.  It  was  issued  in  two  parts, 
-;-one  of  the  eastern,  the  other  of  the  western,  por- 
tions of  North  America.  These  two  were  united  in 
1OS9  on  a  smaller  scale. 

—  A.  D.  1688. 

Carte  des  parties  les  plus  occidetttales  du  Canada, 

(fl.U-  ^A''^  '^''''''''''  ■^'"#'>.  -?•  7.  —  a  MS.  map  in  the 
Bibhotheque  nationalc  of  Paris,  from  a  copy  of 
which  in  the  Kohl  Collection  a  sketch  is  given  with 
the  marginal  inscriptions  in  the  A'ar.  and  Crit.  Hist. 
America,  iv.  233.  There  is  another  copy  in  the  Bar- 
low Collection.     Cf.  Harrisse,  no.  2 ',8. 

There  is  in  the  Barlow  Collection  a  map,  which 
Harrisse  {Azotes,  etc.,  p.  xxv.  and  no.  241)  believes  to 
be  the  lost  original  of  a  map  by  Kaudin,  Frontenac's 
engineer;  and  of  this  a  sketch  is  given  in  the  Nar. 
and  Crit.  Hist.  America,  iv.  235. 

234.  A.  D.  1689.    Lahontan's  Long  River. 

This  fabulous  stream  is  represented  as  rising  in 
the  Rocky  Mountains,  and  flowing  into  the  Missis- 
sippi above  the  Missouri.  Kohl  thinks  the  river  in 
question  m.-iy  have  been  the  St.  Peter's  River.  La- 
hontan  professed  to  copy  the  western  part  of  the 
river  from  an  Indian  map,  made  for  him  in  that 
country. 

This  map  appeared  in  the  A^ouveaux  voyas^es.  La 
Haye,  1709,  vol.  i.  p.  136,  and  is  reproduced'  in  the 
Aar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America,  iv.  p.  261. 

235.  A.  D.  1689.    Coronelli's  Canada  ou  Nou- 

velle France. 

It  shows  the  coast  from  the  Gulf  of  St.  Lawrence 
to  Texas,  and  gives  the  bounds  between  New  France 
and  the  English  possessions.  Kohl  thinks  the  pres- 
ent map  a  French  imitation  of  no.  233. 

—  A.  D.  1689-1699. 

Harrisse  (nos.  231,  232,  240,  248,  259)  assigns  va- 
riouii  other  maps  to  these  years. 

—  A.  D.  1691. 

The  map  in  Leclercq's  L^tablissement  de  la  Foy, 
which  is  reproduced  in  Dr.  Shea's  translation  of 
that  book. 

—  A.  D.  1692. 

Hubert  Jaillot,  who  had  inherited  the  plates  of 
Nicolas  Sanson,  published  in  Paris  what  passes  as 
S.Tnson's  Amerique  septentrionale,  —  the  plate  of 
which  was  long  in  use  in  Amsterdam  and  else- 
where. 


THE  KOHL  COLLECTION   OF  EARL\    MAPS. 


45 


Fe ill's  History  of 
g  is  reproduced 
IV.  230,  231,  and 
^logical  Suney  of 


L  by  Coronelll. 

published  map, 
seems  to  have 
2ries.  The  Mis- 
lache  "  is  about 
e  "  Ohio  "  runs 

,  as  corrected  by 
!  Nar.  and  Crit. 
d  in  two  parts, 
he  western,  por- 
j  were  united  in 


lies  du  Canada, 
MS.  map  in  the 
roni  a  copy  of 
:h  is  given  with 
and  Crit.  Hist. 
:opy  in  the  13ar- 
?S. 

1  a  map,  which 
241)  believes  to 
lin,  Frontenac's 
■en  in  the  Ahir. 


g  River. 

ed  as  rising  in 
nto  the  Mi.ssis- 
iks  the  river  in 
r's  River.  La- 
rn  part  of  the 
ar  him  in  that 

'ux  voyaf^es,  La 
reduced  in  the 
3i. 

ada  ou  Nou- 


f  St.  Lawrence 
en  New  France 
hinks  the  pres- 
3- 


9)  assigns  va- 


•nt  de  la  Foy, 
translation  of 


the  plates  of 
'hat  passes  as 

the  plate  of 
[am  and  else- 


.236.    A.  D.  169S.    Hennepin's  Miaaissippl. 

This  shows  the  river  carried  to  the  gulf.  It  first 
appeared  in  \\iix\\\&^\\\'-i  NoiwiHc  Diconvcrte,  Utrecht, 
1697,  which  had  two  distinct  maps,  showing  the  Mis- 
sissippi extending  to  the  gulf. 

The  first  Carted"  tin  tris  grand  pais  nouvellement  d!- 
convert,  etc.,  is  reproduced  in  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist, 
of  America,  iv.  pp.  252,  253,  and  was  repeated  in  the 
editions  of  the  Noiivelle  Decouverte,  printed  at  Ley- 
den  in  1704,  and  was  re-engraved  in  the  English  edi- 
tion, Discovery  of  a  large,  rich,  and  plentiful  country 
(London,  1720),  with  English  names. 

The  second,  Carte  d'une  trUs  grand  pays  entre  le 
nouveau  Mexiqne  et  la  mer  glaciale,  was  used  in  the 
later  editions  of  1698,  1704,  171 1,  etc.,  with  changes 
in  successive  issues,  and  is  reproduced  in  the  Nar, 
and  Crit.  Hist.  America,  vol.  iv.  p.  251,  and  in 
Brcese's  Early  Hist,  of  Illinois,  p.  98. 

237.  A.  D.  1698.    The  MisBissippi  by  De  Per. 

lie  follows  Coronelli  in  making  the  "  Ouabache  " 
and  "  Ohio  "  parallel  streams.  Published  in  I'aris  in 
1698. 

—  A.  D.  1700. 

Carte  des  E"-<irons  du  Mississipi,  envoyle  h  Paris 
en  1700.  Cf.  'inomassy,  Geol.pract.  de  laLouisiane, 
pl.i. 

—  A.  D.  I7OI. 

De  Fer's  Costes  atix  Environs  de  la  riviire  Missis- 
sipi.   Cf.  Thomassy,  p.  201. 


—  A.  D.  1702. 

Thomassy  ( CM.  pratique  de  la  Louisiane,  p.  209) 
refers  to  an  original  draft  by  Guillaumc  Delisle, 
Carte  de  la  riviire  du  Mississipi,  dressh  sur  Ics  mi- 
moires  de  M.  Le  Sueur,  1702,  which  is  preserved  in 
the  Archives  Scientifiques  de  la  Marine. 

—  A.  D.  1702. 

The  map  in  Campanius'  Nya  Swerige  gives  the 
lower  portions  of  the  river  rudely.  There  is  a  fac- 
simile in  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America,  iv.  394. 

—  A.  D.  1703. 

Lahontan's  Carte  glnirale  de  Canada,  which  ap- 
pear I  in  his  Nouveatix  Voyages,  La  Haye,  1703,  and 
was  repeated  in  some  of  the  later  editions.  It  was 
re-engraved  in  the  Mcmnires,  Amsterdam,  1741,  vol. 
iii.  It  is  reproduced,  with  references,  in  the  Nar. 
and  Crit.  Hist.  America,  iv.  258. 

—  A.  D.  1705. 

De  Fer's  Le  Canada  ou  Nouvelle  France. 

—  A.  D.  1703. 

The  map  of  Delisle,  showing  the  route  of  De  Soto, 
and  called  Carte  dc  la  Louisiane  et  du  Cours  du  Mis- 
sissipi, published  in  Paris,  and  repeated  in  Garci- 
lasso  de  la  Vega's  Histoire  des  Incas,  etc.,  Amster- 
dam, 1707,  and  in  Delisle's  Atlas  Nouveau,  Amster- 
dam, 1740.  It  is  reproduced  in  French's  Hist,  Col- 
lections of  Louisiana,  \\.  (dated  1707);  in  Gravler's 
La  Salle'iiSjo) ;  in  part,  in  the  A'iir.  and  Crit.  Hist. 
America,  ii.  p.  295 ;  in  Cassell's  United  States,  \.  p. 
475;  in  Winchell's  Final  Kept,  of  the  Geol.  of  Minne- 
sota, i.  p.  20.    See  post,  no.  238. 


—  A.  D.  I7I2. 

Louisiana  am  Fluss  Mississippi  in  the  German 
translation  of  John  Lawson's  Carolina,  Hamburg, 
1712. 

—  A.  D.  1713. 

Carte  Nouvelle  de  la  Louisiane  et  de  la  riviire  de  Mis- 
sissipi .  .  .  dressk  par  le  sieur  Joutel,  belonging  to 
Joutel's /(>«r«<z/  historique.  Pans,  17 13.  A  part  of 
ihis  map  is  given  in  the  Mag.  of  Amer.  Hist.,  1882, 
p.  185,  and  in  A.  P.  C.  Griifin's  Discovery  of  the  Mis- 
sissippi, p.  20.  Cf.  Thomassy,  Giologie  prac.  de  la 
Louis.ane,  p.  210. 

The  English  translation  of  this,  A  fournal  of  the 
Last  Voyage  performed  l>y  La  Salle,  etc.,  Paris,  171.^, 
has  a  map  showing  the  course  of  the  Mississippi. 
(Cf.  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America,  iv.  240.) 

—  A.D.  1715. 

Herman  Moll's  New  and  Exact  Map  of  the  Domin- 
ions of  the  King  of  Great  Britain,  has  a  lesser  map 
attached,  called  Louisiana,  with  the  Indian  Settle- 
ments and  Number  of  Fighting  Men,  according  to  the 
Account  of  Capt.  T.  Nearn. 

—  A.D.  17 18. 

Le  Cours  du  Mississipi  ou  de  Saint-Louis,  par  N. 
de  Fer,  embodying  previous  information,  was  made 
by  direction  "de  la  compagnie  d'occident." 

Partie  meridionale  de  la  riviire  de  Mississipi,  par 
N.  de  Fer,  extends  north  to  the  Illinois  country. 

238.  A.  D.  [1719.]    Delisle's  Louisiana. 

It  shows  the  routes  of  De  Soto  and  others.  It  is 
called  Carte  de  la  Louisiane  et  du  Cours  du  Mississipi. 
It  was  followed  by  H.  Moll  in  1720,  and  Popple  in 
1732.  Kohl  says  it  is  the  earliest  map  to  show  the 
word  Texas  (Los  Teijas),  and  to  show  the  Cumber- 
land and  Tennessee  Rivers. 

Thomassy  (Giol. practique  de  la  Louisiane,  p.  211) 
refers  to  the  June,  1718,  map  of  Delisle.  See  ante, 
under  A.  D.  1703. 

—  A.D.  1719-20. 

Thomassy  gives  a  Carte  de  la  Ct'te  de  la  Louisiane, 
preserved  in  the  Archivej  Scientifiques  de  la  Marine 
in  Paris,  based  on  surveys  made  at  this  time  by  M. 
De  Serigny. 

—  A.D.  1720. 

A  new  map  of  Lmtisiana  and  the  river  Mississipi, 
which  appeared  in  Some  Considerations  on  the  Conse- 
quences of  the  French  settling  Colonies  on  the  Missis- 
sipi.   London,  1720. 

Moll's  New  Map  of  the  North  Parts  of  America, 
1720,  follows  Delisle's  of  17 18,  for  the  Louisiana 
portion.  It  is  reproduced  in  Lindsey's  Unsettled 
Boundaries  of  Ontario,  Toronto,  1873. 

Gerard  van  Kculen  published  at  Amsterdam  a 
large  map,  Carte  de  la  Nouvelle  France,  oh  se  voit  le 
Cours  des  grandes  Riviires  Mississippi  et  St.  Laurens, 
with  observations  on  French  fortified  posts. 

De  Beauvillier's  Carte  nouvelle  de  la  partie  de 
Pouest  de  la  province  de  la  Louisiane  (Thomassy,  p. 
214). 

—  A.D.  1722. 

The  "  map  of  Carolana  and  the  river  Meschacebe  " 
in  Daniel  Coxe's  Description  of  Carolana,  London, 


46 


THE   KOHL  COLLECTION   OF   EARLY   MAPS. 


m 


i 


1737,  and  repeated  in  later  editions.    See /w/,  no. 
239' 

—  A.  D.  1722. 

La  Potherie's  Ctir/f  gMrale  de  la  A'owelle  France 
in  his  J/isl.  i/c  rAmi'ri(/itc  scptcntrionalc,  I'nris,  1722, 
vol.  il.,  gives  the  niisplaccinent  of  the  mouths  of  the 
Mississippi  which  originated  with  La  Salic. 

—  A.  D.  1722. 

Le  Blond  dc  la  Tour's  Entrie  dtt  Mississipi  en 
1722.     (Cf.  Thomassy,  pi.  iii.) 

—  A.  D.  1724. 

The  "  Carte  de  TAmdrique  "  in  Lafitau's  Maurs 
des  Sativages  Amiriquains,  Paris,  1724,  vol.  i.  24. 

—  A.  D.  1724. 

Plan  particulicr  dc  Vemhouchiiye  dit  flettve  Saint- 
Louis,  signed  by  De  Pauger,  royal  engineer. 

—  A.  D.  1726. 

_  A  "  new  map  of  Louisiana  .md  the  river  Missis- 
sipi "  in  the  Memoirs  of  John  Ker  of  Kersland,  Lon- 
don, 1726. 

—  A.  D.  1729. 

A  map  of  New  France  and  Louisiana  in  Herman 
Moll's  New  Sin-'cy  of  the  Globe,  no.  27. 

—  A.  D.  about  1730. 

Amplissimcr  regionis  Mississipi  sen  Proiiiitcite  Lu- 
dimiiiame  a  Hennepin  detectte  anno  16S7,  edita  a  Jo. 
Ihipt.  Ifomanno,  Norimt'erga.  Has  a  marginal  view 
of  "  Catarrhacta  ad  Niagaram." 

Homann  was  a  cartographer  of  easy  conscience, 
who  seldom  dated  his  maps,  and  this  one  is  little 
better  than  a  re-engraving  of  the  map  in  Joutcl's 
Jonrnal  historique.  See  ante,  under  A.  D.  17 1 3.  It 
was  reproduced  by  Homann's  successors  in  his  busi- 
ness, and  .again  by  William  Darby  in  his  Geograph- 
ical Description  of  Louisiana  (2d  ed.  1817),  and 
Thom.assy  (p.  2)  censures  Darby  for  his  choice  of 
an  early  map. 

—  A.  D.  1732. 

D'Anville's  Carte  de  la  Louisiane  dressle  en  1732; 
pnhlii'e  en  1752.  The  upper  part  of  it  is  reproduced 
in  Andreas'  Chicago,  i.  59. 

—  A.  D.  1732. 

Popple's  British  Empire  in  America  follows  De- 
lisle's  map  (1718)  for  Louisiana.  It  was  reissued  in 
^ITiZ'  '740,  and  reproduced  at  Amsterdam  in  1737. 
Sabin's  Dictionary,  xv.  no.  64453. 

—  A.  D.  1732. 

Fletive  Saint  Louis,  ci-devant  Mississipi,  —  a  map 
preserved  in  the  Bibliotheqiie  Nationale,  P.iris, 
based  upon  observations  ma.''»  by  Sieur  Diron  in 
1719.     (Cf.  Thomassy,  p.  212.) 

—  A.n.  1733, 

The  map  in  Some  Account  of  the  Design  of  the 
Trustees  for  establishing  the  Colony  of  Georgia  in 
America.  It  shows  the  Atlantic  Colonies  stretch- 
ing to  the  Mississippi  River. 


—  A.  D.  1737. 

Le  Cours  du  flettve  Mississipi,  1737,  in  Bernard's 

■■••■'    '■  "  au   A'     '     '  ■ 

;nncpii: 


...t  Y""'-"  "tt  jicHvc  iiitssissifi,  1737,  in  iicrnara  s 
Necueit  de  Voyages  ait  A'ord,  Amsterdam,  1737,  in 
connection  with  Hennepin's  narrative. 


—  A.  I).  1740. 

A  map  by  Dumont  de  Montigny,  Carte  le  la  pro- 
vince de  la  Louisiane,  autrefois  le  Mississipi,  jirescrved 
in  the  Depot  de  la  Marine  at  Paris,  is  said  by  Tho- 
nuissy  (p.  217)  to  be  more  valuable  for  its  historical 
legends  than  for  its  geography. 

239.  A.  D.  1 741.    Coxe'a  Carolana. 

After  the  map  in  Daniel  Coxe's  Carolana,  Lon- 
don, 1741.  Kohl  calls  it  the  earliest  Kngiish  map 
of  the  .Mississipjii.  Kohl  thinks  possibly  Co.\e  may 
have  had  unknown  charts  of  the  delta.  He  accepts 
Lahontan's  Long  River.     Sec  ante,  under  A.  D.  1722. 

—  A.  D.  1743. 

Nicolas^  Bellin,  in  Charlevoix's  A\mvelle  France, 
gives  a  Carte  de  la  Louisiane,  cours  du  Mississipi  et 
pais  voisins ;  and  this,  with  the  other  maps,  is  repro- 
duced in  Shea's  translation  of  Charlevoix. 

licllin's  Carte  des  embouchures  du  pleuve  Saint 
Louis  is  based  on  a  draft  by  Buache  (1732),  follow- 
ing .an  origin.il  MS.  (1731 )  preserved  in  the  Archives 
Scicntifiques  de  la  Marine.  (See  post,  under  a.  d. 
1750.) 

240.  A.  D.  1749.    Bonnecampa'  Ohio  River. 

After  a  map  in  the  Ministry  of  the  Marine  at  Pa- 
ris, called  Carte  d'un  voyage,  fait  dans  la  Belle  Riviere 
en  la  A'ouTel/e  France,  1749,  par  le  rh'erend  Pi're 
Bonnecamps,  Jesuite  Mathhnaticien.  He  has  marked 
eight  points  where  he  took  observations  for  the  lati- 
tude, and  sundry  other  jilaces  where  he  buried  in- 
scribed lead  plates  in  token  of  possession  for  the 
king. 

It  also  shows  the  Alleghany  River  from  Lake 
Chatauqua. 

—  A.  D.  1750. 

Bellin  also  has  a  map  of  this  date,  called  Carte  de  la 
Louisiane  et  des  pays  7'oisins.  It  is  said  that  the  maps 
first  published  by  Bellin  were  not  thought  by  the 
French  government  sufficiently  favorable  to  their 
claims  for  boundaries  on  the  English  colonies,  and  he 
accordingly  reissued  the  maps  with  changes.  When 
Governor  Shirley,  speaking  with  Bellin,  referred  to 
this,  Bellin  is  said  to  have  rei)lied,  "  We  in  France 
niust  obey  the  king's  commands."  His  map  mark- 
ing these  bounds  is  reproduced  in  Bonnechose's 
Montcalm  et  le  Canada  franfais,  5th  ed.,  Paris,  1882, 
(See  ante,  under  A.  d.  1743.) 

—  A.  D.  1753. 

Carte  de  la  Louisiane,  in  Dumont's  Mimoires  his- 
toriques  de  la  Louisiane,  vol.  i. 

—  A.  D.  175s. 

Benin's  Carte  de  la  Louisiane,  1750;  sur  de  nou- 
veltes  observations  on  a  corrigi  les  lacs  et  leurs  environs, 
I7SS- 


A.  D. 


'755- 


Canada  et  Louisiane  par  le  Sieur  le  Rouge,  ingc- 
nieur  geographe  du  Roi,  with  a  small  map  of  the  Mis- 
sissippi River. 


THE   KOHL  COLLECTION   OF  EARLY   MAPS. 


47 


37,  in  Bernard's 
tcrdam,  1737,  in 


Carte  h  la  pro- 
sissipi,  preserved 
4,  is  said  by  Tiio- 
for  its  historical 


Carolana,  Lon- 
ist  Knglisii  map 
ssibly  Coxc  may 
Ita.  He  accepts 
under  a.  d.  1722. 


Vouvelle  France, 
(III  A//ssisii/'i  et 
r  maps,  is  repro- 
levoix. 

t/«  fleuve  Saint 
e  (1732),  follow- 
I  in  the  Archives 
i^ost,  under  A.  D. 


)hio  River. 

e  Marine  at  Pa- 
r  la  Belle  Rh'ih-e 
•:  rh'ercnd  Pi're 
He  has  marked 
ons  for  the  lati- 
e  he  buried  in- 
isession  for  the 

vcr  from  Lake 


lalled  Carte  de  la 
d  that  tile  maps 
thought  by  the 
orable  to  their 
colonies,  and  he 
hangcs.  Wiien 
ilin,  referred  to 
'We  in  I'rance 
[lis  map  mari{- 
i  Ijonnechose's 
jd.,  Paris,  1882. 


s  Ulimoires  his- 


0;  sur  de  nou- 
t  leurs  environs, 


le  Rouge,  ins^- 
lap  of  the  Mis- 


i 


—  A.D.  1755. 

D'Anvillc's    Canada,  Louisiane   tt  Us  tcrrts  an- 

glaises. 

—  A.D.  I75S- 

Robert  de  Vangondy's  Partie  de  VAnu'rique  sipten- 
trionatc  qui  com/>rcnd  le  tours  de  I' Ohio,  etc. 

—  A.D.  I7SS- 

A  jVe7u  and  Accurate  Map  of  North  America,  con- 
tained in  John  Huske's  Present  State  of  North  Amer- 
ica, 2d  ed.,  London,  1755. 

—  A.D.  I7SS- 

John  Mitchell's  Map  of  the  Pritish  Colonies  in 
North  America,  engraved  by  Kitchen,  published  in 
London,  in  1755.  Kecngraved  at  Amsterdam  as  a 
Map  of  the  British  and  French  Dominions  m  North 
America. 

—  A.  D.  1757. 

Carte  de  la  Louisiane  par  l\nitcnr,  1757  in  Le  Page 
du  Pratz's  Histoire  de  la  Louisiane,  vol.  i.  138. 

—  A.  D.  1760. 

Thomas  Jeffcrys  included  a  map  of  Canada  and 
the  northern  parts  of  Louisi.ana  in  his  Natural  and 
Civil  History  of  the  French  Dominion  in  North  and 
South  America.  This  same  map,  with  the  date  1762, 
was  used  in  his  Topography  of  North  America  and 
the  IVest  Indies.     London,  1768. 


—  A.  D.  1760. 

Janvier's  IJAmirique. 
to  the  Pacific. 


It  extends  from  Louisiana 


—  A.  D.  1762. 

Jeffcrys'  Map  of  Canada  and  Ndo  France.  There 
is  a  facsimile  in  Mills's  Boundaries  of  Ontario, 

—  A.  D.  1764. 

L.a  Louisiane  in  Bcllin's  Lc  Petit  Atlas  Maritime, 
vol.  i.  no.  40,  and  The  Mouths  of  the  Mississi^-pi  in  :'os. 
43  =1"''  44- 

241.  A.  n.  1767.    Carver's  Upper  Miasissippi. 
This  follows  the  map  in  Jonathan  Carver's  Travels. 

—  A.D.  1768. 

The  mouths  of  the  Mississippi  and  neighboring 
coasts  by  Jeffcrys,  in  his  General  Topography  of 
North  America  and  the  West  Indies,  which,  he  says, 
was  taken  from  several  Spanish  and  French  draw- 
ings, compared  with  D'Anvillc's  map  of  1752,  and 
with  P.  Laval's  Voyage  h  Louisiane. 

242.  A.  D.  1795.    The  Upper  Misaouii  and  Mis- 

Bissippi  by  Soulard. 

The  original  is  preserved  in  the  Depot  de  la  Ma- 
rine in  Paris.  Tt  was  made  for  Colonel  De  Pouligny, 
of  the  Sixth  Regiment  of  Louisiana,  and  taken  to 
France  in  1S04  by  M.  Laussat. 


243.  A.  D.  1801.    An  Indian  Map  of  tbe  Upper 

Missouri  and  its  Affluents. 

The  original  of  thi>  is  preserved  in  the  Archives 
of  the  Hudson  Pay  Comjiany  in  Londor.  Drawn 
by  a  Plackfoot  chief  in  i.Soi,  and  taken  to  London 
by  Peter  l''idler.  The  range  of  the  Rocky  Moun- 
t.-iins  is  marked,  clevcTi  of  their  peaks  named,  and 
the  I'acific  seacoast  is  drawn. 

244.  A.  D.  1854.    The  Sources  of  the  Missis- 

sippi River. 

This  is  Schoolcraft's  map  given  in  his  Narra- 
tive. 

vnr 

THE  GULF  OF  MEXICO  AND  WEST 
INDIA  ISLANDS,  WITH  ADJACENT 
LANDS. 

*,*  Tlicre  arc  notices  nf  maps  of  the  mouths  of  the  Missis- 
sippi ill  Scciinu  VI  I.  i  and  the  Riilf  appears  in  the  maps  of 
.Sections  II.  and  111. 

245.  A.  D.  1463.    AntUia  by  Benincasa. 

This  represents  an  e.arly  notion  of  land  to  the 
westward,  the  antetype  of  the  Antilles.  The  chart 
is  from  a  portolano,  described  in  Santarem's  Hist. 
de  la  Cosmographie,  i.  p.  xlii ;  iii.  p.  177.  Cf.  ante, 
under  no.  21,  where  this  niaj)  might  have  been  en- 
tered, if  it  had  been  found  in  season. 

246.  A.  D.  1 500.    La  "Cosa's  map. 

The  western  part  of  the  La  Cosa  chart.  Kohl 
has  copied  the  drawing  of  it  in  Ramon  de  la  Sagra's 
Cuba  (Paris,  1837).  See  ante,  no.  26,  and  the  whole 
series  of  ma)>s  enumerated  in  section  ii.,  for  the 
form  the  gulf  took  in  the  earliest  cartography, 
whether  as  a  supposed  Ciulf  of  Ganges,  as  it  is  con- 
jectured to  be  in  the  Admiral's  (ante,  no.  32)  and 
other  niajis;  or  as  undeveloped  in  the  Cantino  (1502), 
Ruvsch  (150S),  Sylvanus  (1511),  and  Waldseemiil- 
IcrlisiV)  nia])s  ;  as  vaguely  shut  in  at  the  north  by 
a  land  "lUmini,  shown  in  the  Peter  Martyr  map  of 
151 1,  and  in  the  Weimar  map  of  the  Pacific,  of 
1 518  [post,  no.  316);  as  an  unenclosed  archipelago, 
of  which  we  have  instances  in  the  Lenox  globe,  and 
in  the  so-called  Da  Vinci  niai)penionde.  It  gets 
something  like  definite  though  distorted  shape  in 
the  Stol<nicza  and  Reisch  majis,  and  in  the  Tross 
cores.  Then  in  the  Nordenskiold  gores,  in  the 
Si  honer  globes  of  1515  and  1520,  and  in  the  Apian 
CO  diform  mai'  of  1 520,  we  have  the  same  distorted 
shipe,  but  joined  with  a  westerly  passage,  which 
d'jtaches  South  America  as  an  island. 

247.  A.  D.  1 520.    The  Gulf  of  Mexico. 

The  map  published  by  Navarrete  in  his  Coleccion, 
iii.,  is  reproduced  in  the  A'ar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  Amer- 
ica, ii.  p.  218,  and  in  Weisc's  Discoz'eries  of  America, 
p.  278. 

This  is  the  earliest  special  map  of  the  gulf,  and 
the  first  to  delineate  it  with  approximate  accuracy ; 
and  bears  the  title,  7>aza  de  Castas  de  Tierra-Jinne 
y  las  tierras  niufas. 

Cf.  the  map  of  Ayllon's  explorations,  sketched  in 
the  A'ar.  and  Crit.  Jlist.  America,  ii.  p.  285. 

248.  A.D.  1524.    Gulf  of  Mexico.     (Cortes.) 

The  origin.al  engr.aving  of  this  chart  appeared  in 
a  letter  of  Cortes,  addressed  to  the  enip%ror,  and 


48 


THE    KOHL  COLLECTION   OF   EARLY  MAPS. 


'0 


,  mii 


printed   at   NiireinbcrR   in    1524.      Kohl    thinks   it 
shows  the  explorations  of  Oarav,  and  docs  not  cm- 
body  any  of  those  of  Cortes  hinisclf.     lie  says  it  is 
the  earliest  map  to  show  the  name  Florida.     It  may 
have  Ijcen  made  about  the  time  of  no.  247.     It  is  re- 
produced in  Stevens'  Am.r.  llihlioi^niplur,  p.  86;  i,i 
his  i\'oU-s,ctc.,  pi.  iv.;  and  in  tlie  iWir.  niiii  Crit.  JUst. 
AiHi-ritii,  ii.  1).  404.      It  has  an  uncertain  passage  to 
the  west,  by  which  Vucat.m  is  made  an  island,  of 
which  there  is  an  indication  in  no.  247,  and  unmis- 
takable expression  in  the  Maiollo  map  of  1527  (,/«/,•, 
under  no.  jg),  and  is  suggested  in  a  map  by  Fricss 
(post,  no.  371).     Later  maps,  like   the   Verrazano, 
1529  (iin/f,  under  no.  42);  Kibcro,  1529  (<;;//.■,  no. 
41);  the   Lenox  wood-cut,  15^  (anh;  no.  47,  smce 
reprtuluccd  in  the  A'itr.  and  Cril.  Hist.  AmerUu,  ii. 
p.  22J)  ;  the  Ihitish  Museum  map  of  1536  {post,  no. 
251),  make  Vucatan  insular,  but  do  not  carry  the 
passage  to  the  western  sea. 

249.  A.  n.  1528.    The  Antilles. 

.Six  separate  maps  of  Jamai(|ua,  Cu!)a,  Sfagnola, 
Guadalupe,  Dominica,  and  Matinina,  from  the  Iso- 
liino  of  Hordone.  Kohl  follows  a  facsimile  made 
for  Henry  Stevens  (see  post,  no.  372). 

—  A.  D.  1529. 

A  section  of  Ribero's  map  (ante,  no.  41),  showing 
the  gulf,  etc.,  is  given  in  the  P/ar.  and  Crit.  Hist. 
America,  ii.  p.  221. 

250.  A.  D.  1534.    Hispaniola.  ' 

From  the  engraved  map  in  the  1534  edition  (com- 
bmed)  of  I'etcr  Martyr  and  Oviedo.  Kohl  follows 
a  facsimile  given  in  Stevens'  Atner.  BiOlioi^rap/ur. 
See  no.  256. 

251.  A.D.  1536.    Oulf  of  Mexico. 

From  a  large  MS.  map  in  the  British  Museum. 
Kohl  says  the  langu.igc  of  the  map  is  partly  French 
and  partly  Spanish,  the  latter  much  corrupted;  so 
that  he  infers  it  to  be  a  French  copy  of  a  Sp.mish 
original.  He  thinks  it  may  have  grown  out  of  the 
expedition  of  Narvacz,  and  savt:  that  the  peninsula 
of  Florida  is  for  the  fust  time'  drawn  with  ap;iroxi- 
mate  accuracy.  Vucatan  is  an  island.  It  is  sketched 
in  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America,  ii.  p.  225. 

252.  A.  D.  1542.    The  AntUles,  by  Rotz. 

O  e  of  the  maps  in  Rotz's  Boke  of  Idrosrraphv,  in 
the  British  Museum.  The  map  is  sketched  in  the 
Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America,  ii.  p.  226.  It  is  called 
"  The  Indis  of  Occident,  qul.az  the  Spaniards  docth 
occupy."  The  latitudes  are  too  high  by  about  three 
degrees  in  the  northern  parts,  and  too  low  by  about 
two  degrees  in  the  southern  parts ;  making  the  dis- 
tance from  Trinidad  to  Florida  much  in  excess  of 
what  it  should  be.     (See  ante,  no.  55.) 

—  A.  D.  1540-50. 

Within  this  period  may  be  placed  the  map.  Carta 
de  las  Anlil/as,  of  which  a  facsimile  is  given  in  the 
Cartas  de  /nd'as,  published  by  the  Spanish  govern- 
ment in  1877. 

The  map  mentioned  by  Harrisse  in  his  Cabots, 
p.  185. 

The  soeuned  Aftas  dc  Pliiiippe  If.  (cf.  PPar.  and 
Cm.  Hist,  of  America,  ii.  222).     See  ante,  under  no. 

The  1541  Mercator  gores  (Plar.  and  Crit.  Hist. 
America,  ii.  p.  177. 


—  A.  I).  1544. 

The  gulf  and  neighboring  portions  of  the  Cabot 
mappemonde  of  1 544,  arc  sketched  in  the  Aar.  and 
Crit.  JJist.  America,  ii.  pp,  227,  447. 

253.  A.  D.   1547.     Spanish  America,  by   NIo 

Vallard. 

This  shows  the  co.ast  of  both  oceans,  from  35°  N. 
to  10°  S.  latitude.  It  is  from  the  MS.  atlas  in  the 
Sir  Thomas  I'hillipps  Collection.  Kohl  conjee- 
tures  that  the  Spanish  drafts,  apparently  used  in  the 
making  of  this  maj),  may  have  been  tfiose  brought 
from  the  peninsula  in  1542  by  Don  Miguel  de 
Sylva. 

Cf.  the  sketch  from  a  MS.  atlas  in  the  Hodleian, 
given  in  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America,  ii.  p. 
292. 

254.  A.  D.  1547.    The  same. 
An  inaccurate  draft. 

255.  A.  D.  i555(.>).    The  Mexican  Oulf. 

This  is  a  French  map,  and  shows  the  Atlantic 
coast,  from  Maine  to  Honduras.  The  correspond- 
ing Pacific  coast  from  about  the  latitude  cf  Mexico 
(City),  is  a  mere  north-and-south  line,  with  conven- 
tional river-mouths.  Kohl  says  the  original  was  dis- 
covered by  Jomard  in  the  possession  of  a  French 
noble  family.  To  judge  from  the  absence  of  Califor- 
nia one  would  place  the  map  before  (say)  1535  ;  and 
the  .ibscnce  of  traces  of  De  Soto's  .ind  other  explora- 
tions on  the  Atlantic  side  would  indicate  as  early  a 
date;  but  Kohl  place:;  it  under  "about  1555,"  as  that 
was  Jomard's  opinion.  Kohl  is  in  error  \n  supposing 
*hat  the  presence  of  Bermuda  on  the  maj)  establishes 
the  date  after  1530;  since  Bermuda  is  on  the  Peter 
Martyr  map  of  151 1,  a  map  unknown  to  Kohl.  It  is 
sketched  in  the  Aar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America,  ii.  p. 
224. 

256.  A.  D.  1556.    Hispaniola.    (Ran  usio.) 

From  the  engraved  map  in  Ramusio,  iii.  (1556), 
who  does  not  say  whence  he  got  it.  It  is  reproduced 
in  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America,  ii.  p.  188,  and 
seems  to  follow  no.  250. 

257.  A  D.  1558.    Spanish  America  by  Diego 

Homem. 

It  shows  the  coasts  of  both  oceans  north  of  the 
Istlunus  of  Panama  to  33°  north  latitude.  A  MS. 
map  in  colors  in  the  British  Museum.  Kohl  calls  it 
the  earliest  general  map  to  embody  the  California 
Peninsula.  The  "Rio  del  Spirito  Santo  "  (Missis- 
sip])i)  has  one  main  channel.  It  is  sketched  in  the 
A'ar.  and  Crit.  Hist,  of  America,  ii.  p,  229. 

258.  A.  D.  1564.    Hispaniola  by  P.  Forlano. 

The  engraved  original  is  marked  "  In  Venetia 
Paulo  Forlano  Veronese  fee.  1564."  It  is  not  so 
accurate  in  form  as  the  map  of  1534;  iind  it  is  not 
known  whence  Forlano  drew  his  notions.  (.See  ante, 
under  no.  69.) 


259.  A.  n.  1565.    Cuba  bj 


^orlano. 


Kohl  calls  this  the  oldest  special  rr^^p  of  Cuba 
which  he  had  found.  He  finds  names  here  which 
are  preserved  in  the  Ilondius  map  of  Cuba  (1607). 
(See  ante,  under  no.  69.) 


THE  KOHL  COLLFXTION   OF  EARLY  MAPS. 


49 


ns  of  the  Cabot 
in  the  A'ar,  and 


srloa,  by    Nio 

ms,  from  35°  N. 
MS.  atlas  in  the 
Kohl  conjee- 
:ntlv  used  in  the 
11  those  brought 
Jon    Miguel  dc 

in  the  Hodleian, 
.  America,  ii.  p. 


I  Oulf. 

ys  the  Atlantic 
'he  correspond- 
:itude  c''  Mexico 
lie,  with  conven- 
nriginal  was  dis- 
an  of  a  French 
sence  of  Califor- 
(say)  153s;  and 
d  other  explora- 
Jicate  as  early  a 
)t  1 555,"  as  that 
ror  m  supposing 
map  establishes 
is  on  the  Peter 
to  Kohl.  It  is 
'.  America,  ii.  p. 


in  usio.) 

isio,  iii.  (rs56), 
.t  is  reproduced 
,  ii.  p.  1S8,  and 


ca  by  Diego 

IS  north  of  the 
itude.  A  MS. 
Kohl  calls  it 
the  California 
anto  "  (Missis- 
ketched  in  the 
229. 

Forlano. 

■\  "  In  Venetia 

It   is   not  so 

;  and  it  is  not 

ms.    (Sec  ante. 


trap  of  Cuba 
es  here  which 
f  Cuba  (1607). 


—  A.  n.  1566-73. 

The  maps  of  Zalticre  {ante,  no.  04)  and  Porcacchi 
((/;//<■,  M".  f)S)  show  how  distorted  a  shape  the  nulf 
coiiui  assume  even  at  so  late  a  day  as  this.  Cf.  Mir, 
and  Crii.  Hist.  America,  ii.  pp.  451,  453- 

260.  A.  n.  1578.    The  Antilles  by  Martines. 

It  shows  the  Atlantic  coast  from  45°  north  to  f 
south  latitude.  I'Vom  the  Martines  Atl.is  of  1578  in 
"the  Uritish  Museum.  The  l.ititudes  are  appro.\- 
im.itely  correct;  but  the  loiifiitudcs  are  much  out  of 
the  way,  lieing  stretched  east  and  west  too  far.  It 
is  sketched  in  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America,  ii. 
p.  229. 


261-262.    A.  D. 


1597.      Central 
Wytfliet. 


America   by 


This  is  from  Wytflict's  Continuation  of  Ptolemy. 
See  Winsor's  Bibliography  0/ J'toUmy. 

—  A.  D.  1597. 

The  Castilia  del  Oro  of  Wytfliet  is  given  in  fac- 
simile in  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  Amcnci,  11.  p.  190. 

263.  A.  p.  1597.    Mexico  by  Wytfliet. 

From  Wytflict's  Continuation  of  Ptolemy. 

264.  A.  D.  1 1;97.    Florida  et  Apalache  of  Wyt- 

fliet. 

From  Wytflict's  Continuation  of  Ptolemy.  It  is 
given  in  facsimile  in  the  A'ar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  Amer- 
ica, ii.  p.  281. 

—  A.D.  1597. 

Wytflict's  map  of  Cuba  is  given  in  facsimile  in  the 
Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist,  of  America,  ii.  p.  230. 


265.    A.  D.  1601. 


Mexico    and  Yucatan  by 
Herrera. 


From  Ilerrera  s  Descripcion  de  las  Indias  (Madrid, 
iCoi).  The  map  closely  agrees  with  the  text  of  the 
same  book,  except  that  in  the  map  he  calls  the  City 
of  Mexico  91°  west  long,  [from  Ferro?],  and  in  the 
text  he  gives  it  as  103°  from  Toledo. 

A  portion  of  it  is  reproduced  in  the  Nar.  and  Crit. 
Hist.  America,  ii.  p.  392. 

266.  A.  D.  1601.    Antilles  by  Herrera. 

A  map  which  appeared  in  Ilerrcra's  Descripcion 
de  las  Indias,  and  considered  by  Kohl  to  be  the  best 
Ecneral  map  of  the  West  Indies  produced  up  to  that 
time.     They  are  called  "  Yslas  de  la  mar  del  Norte. 

267.  A.  D.  1630.    Florida  by  Dudley. 

Kohl  takes  this  from  Dudley's  MSS.  preserved  in 
the  Munich  library,  and  not  from  Dudley's  Arcano 
del  Mare,  as  published  in  1646. 


—  A.  D, 


1651. 


Maps  of  New  Spain,  Cuba,  and   Hispaniola,  in 
Jannson's  Minor  Atlas,  ii.  393,  397. 


268.  A.  D.  1671.    Jamaica  by  Blome. 

'I'his  is  from  Hlnme's  Present  State  of  his  Majesty's 
Isles  and  Territories  in  America,  London,  1687.  It 
puriiorts  to  follow  surveys  made  by  order  of  Sir 
Thomas  Mcdiford,  Dart.,  late  governor  of  the  island. 

269.  A.  I).  1712.    Pacific  Coast  of  Mexico. 

It  covers  the  space  8'  to  17°  north  latitude.  The 
original  was  engraved  by  John  Senex,  and  published 
in  London,  after  a  Spani.sli  map  said  to  have  been 
captured  by  an  Fnglish  rover,  Capt.  Woodes  Rogers. 
The  ei.graved  map  appeared  in  Cajit.  Rogers's  A 
Criiisini;  V'oyat^e  around  the  World,  1708-II,  London, 
1712.  The  Sp.-inish  draft  may  have  been  made,  as 
Kohl  thinks,  about  1700.     Sce/<^J/,  under  no.  289. 

270.  A.  n.  1767.    Northern  Mexico  by  Alzate. 

This  follows  a  MS.  map  in  the  Uritish  Museum, 
which  professed  to  be  drafted  by  Jose  Antonio  Al- 
zate y  Ramirez,  after  the  best  printed  and  MS. 
authorities.  It  shows  the  explorations  of  Father 
Kino  about  the  Color.ido  and  its  affluents,  and  gives 
the  northern  extremity  only  of  the  Gulf  of  Califor- 
nia. At  the  top  of  the  map,  under  43°,  it  shows  the 
"  Mar  o  liahia  del  Vest,"  which  Juan  de  Fuca  ex- 
plored.    (See/w/,  no.  2S9.) 

271.'  A.  D.  1778.    New  Mexico  by  Eacalante. 

A  folded  sheet,  without  annotations. 

271 ".  A.  n.  1795.  New  Mexico  by  Juan  Lopez. 

From  a  Spanish  printed  map. 

272.  A.  D.  1852.     Anegada   by   Schoroburgk. 

(Virgin  Islands.) 

This  follows  surveys  made  by  Sir  Robert  Schom- 
burgk,  published  in  the  Journal  of  the  Royal  Geo- 
graphical Society,  ii.  p.  152  (1852). 

273.  A.  D.  1833.   The  Usumasinta  River  In  Cen- 

tral America. 

An  engraved  map  in  the  Royal  Geographical  So- 
ciety's Journal,  iii.  59  (1833),  prepared  by  Col. 
Galindo. 

274.  A.  D.  1836.    Costa  Rica  by  Col.  Galindo. 

From  the  Journal  of  the  Royal  Geog.  Society,  vol. 
vi.(i836). 

275.  A.  D.  1844.    River  Tabasco  by  Peter  Mas- 

ters. 

From  the  Journal  oi  the  Royal  Geog.  Society,  vol. 
XV.  (1845). 

276.  A.  D.  1853.    Samana. 

The  Peninsula  and  Bay  of  Samana  in  the  Domin- 
ican Republic,  by  Sir  Robert  II.  Schomburgk,  m 
the  Journal  of  the  Royal  Geog.  Society,  1853. 


50 


THE   KOHL  COLLECTION   OF    EARLY   MAPS. 


IX. 


THE    PACIFIC    COAST   OF   NORTH 
AMERICA. 

•*•  See  aMit,  aeclioiis  ii.  aiul  iii.,  unii  foil,  acclion  x. 

—  A.I).  ISIJ,  etc. 

Dr.  Kohl  printid  .m  .ibstract  of  ni.i  sfiulics  on  the 
cartonr.-ipliy  nf  tlic  west  toast  of  North  Ainciica  in 
the  (?.  .y.  C'lhist  Siinrv  Kff'orl,  iSr^j,  p.  37.J,  etc  ;  .iml 
there  is  a  NI.S,  on  the  .siihject  hy  him  111  the  library 
of  the  AiiRiii-aii  Aiiti(|iiari.m  .Scicietyat  Woi(.c>tcr. 
The  fullest  iiilorm.ition  on  the  siihjett  will  he  found 
in  II.  II.  Hantrofi's  .\\<t-th  Wist  Coast,  vol.  i.,  ami  in 
the  A'ar.  iiiiit  Crit.  Hist.  Amtrioi,  ii.  p.  451,  etc. 

We  lind  the  earlie.st  delineations  of  thin  toast  in 
1513  from  two  sources,  —  hrst,  from  the  Portuguese 
in  their  efforts  to  pl.itc  the  .Moluccas  in  rel.ltions 
with  the  new  continent,  as  shown  in  [f'ost)  nos.  315 
and  316;  and,  second,  from  the  maps  which  show 
the  discovery  of  Halboa,  eilher  honestly  recorded  as 
in  the  Verra/ano  map  of  1524  (i/w/'c,  under  no.  42), 
the  Maiollo  (1527,  untler  no.  39),  the  .so-called  Fer- 
dinand Columbus  (1527,  iinte,  no.  3S)  and  Kibero 
maps  (1529,  iiiitc,  no.  41)  ;  or  tonjectur.-illv  extended 
as  in  Scliiiner's  globes  of  1515  and  1520' (</;//,■,  nos. 
^4t  35)>  'liL'  Apian  mappcmonde  of  1520  (no.  36),  the 
Thome  map  of  1527  (no.  39),  the  Miinster  map  of 
.'5.5-  (I'li'lcr  no.  46);  or  pinposely  left  doubtful  is 
in  the  map  of  Reisch's  Mar<^iuita  fi/iiloso/ihiai,  1515 
(ante,  no.  22)<  'he  Tross  gores  (under  no.  32),  and 
others. 

—  A.  D.  1526. 

The  map  of  the  monk  Franciscus,  making  South 
America  an  island,  identities  North  America  with 
Asia,  and  substitutes  the  southern  coast  of  Asia  for 
the  west  coast  of  North  America.  (Lelewcl,  Geog. 
du  May  en  A^i:,  pi.  xlvi.) 

—  A.D.  IS30(?) 

The  map  in  the  .Sloanc  MSS.  (Firitish  Museum), 
illustrating  the  Asiatic  theory  of  North  America. 
(Ante,  no.  43.) 

The  Turin  atlas  described  in  the  Jahreshericht  des 
Vereins  fiir  Erdkiiiide  in  Dn-sdiii,  1S70,  which  leaves 
the  northern  extension  of  the  coast  uncertain.  (Ante, 
no.  SI.) 

—  A.D.  1532. 

The  cordiform  map  of  Orontius  Finxns,  showing 
the  Asiatic  theory  of  No.th  America.    (Ante,  no.  46.) 

—  A.  D,  1532-40. 

The  map  in  Kunstmann,  which  does  not  go  north 
of  the  California  peninsula. 

—  A.D.  1534. 

The  Lenox  wood-cut  (ante,  no.  47)  does  not  go 
north  beyond  the  limits  of  Central  America. 

—  A.D.  1534-50. 

The  Italian  mappemonde  given  in  the  Jahreshe- 
richt des  Vereins  fiir  Erdknnde  in  Leipzig,  187 1,  which 
shows  the  coast  as  high  as  California. 

—  A.D.IS3S. 

Cortes'  map  of  the  coasts  .ibout  the  entrance  of 
the  Gulf  of  California,  bought  by  the  Rev.  E.  E. 


Hale  in  i««3  from  the  Spanish  Archives,  of  which 
there  is  a  lielioiype  in  the  A'ar.  and  Crit.  Ilut. 
Allien  1,  ii.  p.  442. 

—  A.I).  1536. 

'i'he  Agiiesc  mappemonde,  which  shows  the  Cen- 
tral America  and  NIe.vitan  coasts.     (Ante,  no.  52.) 

A  MS.  mappemonde  in  the  Jlritisli  Museum,  which 
extends  tlie  coast  northward  to  California.  (Aiite, 
no.  52.) 

—  A.  I).  IS3,S. 

A  map  in  the  P.asle  edition  of  Rollnus  and  Pom- 
poniuM  NIela,  which  represents  tlie  western  coast  of 
America  indelinitely  as  "  terra  incognita." 

—  A.  I).  1539. 

Plate  xiii.  in  the  Portolano  of  Charles  V.  (ante, 
under  no.  52),  which  shows  the  Central  Ameri<a 
coast. 

Plates  iv.  and  xiv.  of  the  same,  which  extend 
the  coast  above  the  peninsula  of  California. 

—  A.D.  1540  (?) 

llomcm's  mappemonde,  which  extends  the  coast 
northward  to  the  California  peninsula.  (Ante,  no.  Co.) 

—  A.D.  15.10-30. 

The  Nancy  Globe  (ante,  no.  61),  which  follows  the 
Asiatic  theory. 

—  A.  n.  1540. 

Miinstcr's  map  in  the  Ptolemy  of  1540,  which  con- 
jecturally  disjoins  North  America  from  Asia.  (Ante, 
under  no.  52.) 

Apian's  map  in  his  Cosmographia  shows  a  similar 
but  distorted  separation.  (See  ante,  no.  62.)  It 
w.as  repeated  in  the  Antwerp  edition  of  1545,  and  in 
the  Paris  edition  of  1 55 1.     (See  ante,  no.  62.) 

—  A.  D.  1541. 

Mercator's  map  in  gores,  giving  a  conjectur.il 
western  limit  to  North  Amerca.  (Ante,  under  no.  53.) 

—  A.  D.I  540-50. 

An  Italian  portolano,  now  in  the  Carter-Brown 
collection,  and  noted  in  Qu.iritch's  Catal.of  Hist, 
and  Ge(>i:raf>/iy,  18S5,  no.  362,  under  28,159,  which 
contains  five  maps  showing  the  west  coast  of  North 
America,  as  a  part  of  the  western  hemisphere,  viz. : 

No.  vii.,  which  resembles  a  map  in  an  Atlas  in 
the  Hiblioteca  Kiccardiana  (Jahreshericht  des  Vereins 
fiir  Erdkunde  in  Dresden,  {870,  pi.  vi.),  shows  the 
Asiatic  theory. 

No.  i.x.  brings  out  the  California  peninsula,  but 
goes  no  farther  north. 

No.  xi.  is  in  gores,  adheres  to  the  Asiatic  theory, 
and  resembles  pi.  ix.  of  the  Jahreshericht,  etc. 

No.  xxvii.  is  confined  to  the  Central  America 
coast. 

No.  xxix.  goes  n--th  to  the  peninsula  of  Californi.a. 

277.  A.D.  1 541.    Castillo's  California. 

The  map  iiuhiisiicd  by  liishop  Lorenzana  in  his 
A'limi  Espana  (1770),  who  found  it  among  the 
archives  of  the  descendants  of  Corte.s.  Domingo 
del  Castillo  w.as  a  pilot  in  the  fiect  of  Alaron,  who 
explored  the  coast  in  1540,  and  penetrated  to  the 


THE    KOHL   COLLECTION    OF    EARLY   MAPS. 


51 


which  follows  the 


1  peninsula,  but 


ilaof  California. 


held  of  the  gulf  of  Calilornia  and  discovered  the 
Cc'.lorado  river.  A  large  part  of  his  coant  names  arc 
not  t.)  be  found  in  the  accounts  of  Alarcn  »  cxpe- 
ililion,   nor  iu  those  of  the  explorations  of   Uilo.s 

k'Iii'i  speaks  of  this  ma])  of  California  as  the 
ivirlicst  known  ;  but  he  was  not  informed  respecting 
ft.e  map  mentioned  above  mulcr  A.  I).  15^5. 

Castillo's  map  is  Riven  in  facsimile  in  the  A.ir 
ami  Crit.  llist.  Amauih  ii-  1>.  441  i  aiul  is  skct.  lied 
in  II  11.  I'ancrofl's  Cent.  Amfiic.i,  1.  I5J,  and  Aorl/i 
Hhxiuin  SUiUu  i.  »••  ' '-^  K'ves  the  co.ua  a  «reatcr 
extension  beyond  the  peninsula  than  it  has  m  the 
original. 

—  A.  D.  I  543. 

The  map  in  Kotz's  Mroi^r.tphy  shows  the  Central 
America  coast.  (//«/-',  no.  55  )  See  also  the  Ulpius 
globe  under  the  same  number. 

—  A.  15,  1 543' 

The  (lot ha  map  of  Tlaptista  ARncsc  shows  the 
Central  America  and  Mexican  coasts,    {^\nte,  no.  56.) 

_  A.  n.  1544- 

The  Cabot  mappcmonde  carries  the  coast  north 
only  so  far  as  the  peninsula  of  California.  (See 
umlcr  no.  56.)  Cf.  skctclies  in  Nar.  and  Cnt.  Jlist. 
Aiiuriui,  ii.  pp.  227,  447- 

—  A.  D.  IS4S- 

A  conjectural  coast,  called  "  Tcmistitan,"  given  in 
the  mappemonde  of  MUnster  in  his  edition  of  1\j1- 

emy.     (Ant,;  no.  57)  ,     ,        ,    .,  ,  , 

The  map  in  Medina's  Ark-  df  Niwei^ar  shows  only 
the  Central  America  coast.  It  is  repeated  in  the 
1549  edition, /.//'/■(',  etc.     (/////f,  no.  59.) 

Cf.  the  nwppcmondc,  said  to  be  on  Mcnator  s 
projection  (?),  put  between  1545  and  155S,  which  is 
described  in  F.  S.  Ellis's  Catal.  1884,  no.  174. 

Upper  California  by  Juan 
Freire. 


278.    A.  0.1546. 


Tart  of  a  Portuguese  portolano,  which  was  in  San- 
tarem's  possession  wiien  Koiil  copied  this  portion 
and  no.  279,  its  con-.plemcnt.  The  language  is  partly 
Latin,  partly  Spanish,  but  mainly  a  corrupt  I'ortu- 
cncse.  Tiic  dralts  used  by  I'reire  were  evidently,  as 
Kohl  thinks,  tliose  of  Ulloa  and  Alarcon,  thougli  he 
must  have  had  other  material.  He  does  not  give 
any  names  corresponding  to  the  accounts  of  the  ex- 
plorations of  C.ibrillo  and  Ferrero  (1542-43).  Tlic 
coast  is  given  r  westerly  trend,  as  if  to  connect  it 
with  Asia.  Ko'il  ji-  -:s  that  /rcire  had  some  drafts 
of  a  voyager  who  sa.  westward,  -and  at  intervals 
lost  sight  of  the  coast. 


An  atlas  of  about  this  time  in  the  fJiblioteca  Kic- 
cardiana  at  Florence  is  described  in  the  Jahitsberttht 
des  l\r,iiis  Jur  Eidkundi  hi  Ditukn,  1870,  which 
has  several  maps  sliowing  the  west  .oast  of  North 
America.  The  maps  in  T.d).  vii.  and  ix.  carrv  the 
co.iMt  north  to  the  peninsula  of  Californii,  and  one 
of  those  in  'lab.  ix.  carries  It  a  little  farther.  Two 
maps  in  Tab.  vi.  illustrate  the  Asiatic  theory. 


—  A       1554. 

The  ma|»  of  Bellcro  shows  the  Central  America 

and  Mexican  coasts.     (Ante,  no.  64.) 

An  atlas  of  Agncse  (<;«'<■,  under  no.  64)  giycs  majis 
showing  the  coast  from  the  peninsula  of  California 
south. 

—  A.  n.  1555. 

A  French  map  brought  forward  by  Jomard  shows 
a  purely  conventional  west  coast.    (Ante,  no.  255.) 

—  A.  D.  1556. 

The  map  in  Ramusio  extends  north  to  .he  penin- 
sula of  California.     (/»///(•,  no.  66) 

The  map  of  VopeUio  in  Girava's  .  omo^rafhia 
adheres  to  the  Asiatic  theory.  (Sec  auU;  under  no. 
66.)  There  is  a  facsimile  of  the  American  part  in 
the  Kar.  ami  Cr-t.  I/ut.  Arnvria-,  ii.  p.  4,l6-  ,  Oirava 
says  he  used  a  dr.aft  by  Vopellio  as  the  basis  of  the 
map,  which  is  often  wanting  in  copies  of  the  book, 
whose  value,  according  as  the  map  is  in  facsimile  or 
an  original,  has  recently  been  h.ved  by  Quantch  at 
£  I  10  o  ;uh1  £,  21.  The  edition  of  Cirava  in  1570 
is  the  same,  with  the  Preliminary  leaves  reprinted. 

—  A  D.  1 558, 

The  map  of  Ilomem  carries  the  coast  north  to  the 
California  peninsula.     (Aiih;  nos.  67  .and  257.) 

'''!,c  map  of  Martines,  i)laced  usually  somewhere 
in  thl.".  decade  (.wk,  no.  63)  is  one  of  the  earliest  to 
contr.-ct  the  water  supposed  to  separate  /mcrica 
from  Asia  to  the  dimensions  of  a  strait.  It  is 
sketched  and  described  in  the  Nar.  and  Cnt.  lUst. 
America,  ii.  450. 

—  A.  D.  1 560. 

The  map  of  Forlani  adheres  to  the  Asiatic  theory, 
(Ante,  no.  69.)  It  is  sketched  in  the  Nar.  and  Cnt. 
Hist.  Amerua,  ii.  438. 


279.    A.D.  1546. 


Lower  California  by  Juan 
Freire. 

From  the  same  map  as  no.  278.  A  legend  on  the 
map  in  two  places  credits  Cortes  with  the  discovery 
of  this  coa;:t.  Freire  seems  to  have  used  Castillo's 
chart  and  the  reports  of  Ulloa  and  Alarcon.  See 
Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America,  ii.  p.  448. 

—  A.D.I  548. 

Gastaldi's  map,  numbered  59  in  the  edition  of 
Ptolemy  of  this  year,  which  follows  the  Asiatic 
theory  ;  and  the  "  Carta  M.arina  "  in  the  same.  (See 
ante,  under  no.  58  ;  and  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  Amerr.a, 
ii-  435) 


—  A,  0.1561. 

A  map  of  Ilonter  illustrating  the  Asiatic  theory. 

In  Ruscclli's  editio"  "f  Ptolemy  (see  under  no,  69, 
ante\  a  map  of  the  western  hemisp'.iere  carries  a 
definite  coast  line  beyond  the  C.-ilitornia  peninsula, 
above  which  a  dotted  coast  line  is  marked  '  littus 
incognitum."  The  map  of  "  Nueva  Hispania  de- 
velops the  Gulf  of  California  and  adjacent  coasts. 

—  A.  D,  I  566. 

The  map  of  North  America  by  Zaltieri  [ante,  under 
nos,  69  and  94)  shows  the  narrow  strait  as  given  m 
(he  Martines  map  (ante,  under  A.D.  1558).  It  is 
Given  in  facsimile  in  the  Nar.  and  Cnt.  Hist.  Amer- 
ic.i  ii.  p.  451.  The  claim  of  Kohl  that  it  is  the 
earnest  to  show  the  straits  of  Anian  compels  the 
putting  of  a  map  of  Martines  later  than  here  judged. 

A  map  of  Des  Liens  {ante,  under  no.  69)  gives 
only  the  Central  America  coast. 


52 


THE   KOHL  COLLECTION   OF  EARLY  MAPS. 


—  A. 


.  D.  1568. 

The  map  of  Diegus  (Homem)  turns  the  coast-line 
east  a  httle  distance  above  the  head  of  the  California 
peninsula.  See  ante,  no.  70;  and  Nar.  and  Crit. 
liist.  America,  11.  p.  449 ;  iv.  p.  92. 

—  A.  D.  1569. 

The  great  map  of  Mercator  (ante,  under  no.  71). 
It  established  more  effectually  the  type  of  the  strait 
of  Anian  as  prefigured  by  Martines  and  Zaltieri.  It 
IS  sketched  m  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America, 
II.  p.  452.  ' 


—  A.  D.  1570. 

The  Ortelius  map  follows  Mercator's. 
72,  3i\\d post,  no.  324.) 


(Ante,  no. 


—  A.  D.  1572. 

The  Porcacchi  map  also  gives  a  similar  strait  of 
Anian.  (Ante,  under  nos.  72  and  95.)  It  is  sketched 
m  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  H.st.  Ame,ua,n.  p.  453 

—  A.  D.I  574. 

cl\^uf\'^T  .^f  See  P^'f'  no.  325.)  The  map  in 
h!  n1  ^"'>'t"dion  (ante,  under  no.  72)  follows 
the  Mercator  type. 


—  A.  D.  1576. 

The  map  in  Humphrey  Gilbert's  Discourse  (ante 
no.  74)  has  a  coast  little  resembling  any  other  map! 
but  gives  the  strait  of  Anian.  .)-  ^  'cf  map, 

280.  A.  D.  157S.    California  by  Martines. 

"rLmn-'n'^'f  '■°^''^  from  10°  to  ss°  north,  with 
Giapan  and  a  part  of  the  Asiatic  coast.  It  is 
from  the  Martines  Atlas  in  the  British  Museum 
made  between  156S  and  1578,  at  Messina  thorh 
Martines  seems  to  have  been  a  Spaniard.     The  out- 

me  of  the  gulf  of  California  is  much  less  accurate 
than  in  earlier  maps. 

Ihis  is  a  different  atlas  from  the  one  of  icc-r?) 
mentioned  ante  under  a,  d.  1558.  A  sketch  of  he 
Central  America  coast  of  the  .57S  atlas  is  given  in 
(he  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America,  ii.  p.  229. 

—  A.  D.  1578. 

(//«5^!^o!''7s!)^"''^  '"^^-.^^//^r  is  rudely  delineated. 

—  A.  D.  1580. 

abIv^e%"''N°S:  °''  ^"''''  ""■  ^^  '^=^'"""  '^^  ''^'' 

—  A.  D.  1582. 

Lok's  m.ip  leaves  the  coast  uncertain  above  the 
peninsula  of  California.     (Ant,,  no.  97.) 

1  he  map  of  Popclliniere's  Trois  A/ondes  is  of  the 
Mercator  (1569)  type. 

—  A.  D.I  587. 

,  The   Myritius   map   follows  the   Asiatic  tL-ory. 
'^nte,  no.  79.)  ■' 

—  A.  D.  1587. 

nnT'f.i,"''']''"^'*"'^^''":'^'''  "'-"^P  ^^''■'■'es  the  coast  well 
up  to  the  Arctic  region.     (Ante,  under  no.  79.) 


281.  A.  D.  1592. 


California  (Molinaaux'a 
Globe). 

From  the  globe  in  the  Middle  Temple,  London, 
bir  irancis  Drake  s  track  is  pricked  upon  it,  and  is 
taken  perhaps  from  Drake's  charts,  now  lost.  It 
shows  Drake  to  have  gone  as  far  north  as  48°.  The 
general  trend  of  the  coast  is  more  northerly  thA 

ThTlr^'  ^^  ?'l.^^'^iV.  ""^^P^-    1'here  is  a  sketch  in 
the  JVar.  and  Crtt.  Hist.  America,  ii.  p.  455 


282.  A.  D. 


1593.    Northwest  Coast  by  C.  de 
Judaeia. 


nM  "V^P  ^'■°'"  Cornelius  de  Judaeis's  Speculum 
Orbis  7erra,  1593,  and  called  "Quivirs  Regnum," 
which  is  the  name  on  a  protuberance  of  thi  coast 
r!^o';'"  40°  N  lat.;  while  a  larger  protuberance  in 
60  is  called  "Anian  Regnum."  Northwest  of  this 
last  peninsula,  under  70°,  is  a  pinnacle-rock,  in  the 
sea,  which  marks  the  "  Tolus  Magnetis."  An  in- 
scription in  the  interior  notes  that  oxen  and  cows, 
which  have  the  hump  of  a  camel,  and  the  tail  and 
teet  of  lions,  frequent  the  woody  plain.  (Ante,  no.  98  ) 
A  map  of  the  same  date  in  the  Libri  of  Maffems. 
(Ante,  under  no.  i^.) 

—  A.  D.  1597. 

De  Bry's  map,  giving  the  conventional  view  of  the 
tirne.     bee  enumeration  ante,  under  no.  84. 

The  Arnheim  edition  of  Ptolemy  has  the  followine 
maps  showing  the  west  coast  of  North  America-  — 

No.  2,  the  western  hemisphere,  much  like  the 
Mercator  type. 

No.  28,  the  straits  of  Anian. 

No.  29,  a  mappcmonde,  giving  the  west  coast  in 
the  conventional  ma-  .r  of  the  period 

No.  32,  the  North  Pacific,  showing  an  indefinite 
Pars  AmenccTe." 

Nos.  34  and  35,  the  western  hemisphere,  with  a 
Pacific  coast  of  the  Mercator  type. 

The  map  of  Poiro  (ante,  no.  85)  distinguishes  this 
edition  from  the  Cologne  edition  of  Ptolemy  of  the 
same  year.  ■' 

Wytfliet's  continuation  of  Ptolemy  coutaind  several 
maps  showing  the  west  coast. 

No.  I.  The  western  hemisphere  shows  the  straits 
ot  Anian.  This  map  is  given  in  facsimile  in  the 
Nar.  and  Cnt.  Hist.  America,  ii.  p.  459. 

No.  13.  "  Granata  nova  et  California  "  develops 
the  region  of  the  California  peninsula,  and  a  fac- 
simile of  the  map  of  the  gulf  is  given  in  the  Nar. 
and  Cnt.  Hist.  America,  ii.  4^8. 

f  ^°^''*'    1' Q"'^'''^  et  Anian,"  showuig  tne  region 
fiom  Cape  Blanco  north.  '' 

—  A.  D.  1598. 

Th2  mappemondes  in  Wolfe's  Linschoten  and  in 
Munster  s  Cosmographia  of  the  current  type  for  the 
84  and°86V^  North  America.    (Cf.  ««/<•,' under  nos. 

The  Italian  Ortelius  published  at  Brescia,  gives  a 
mp.p  of  the  current  type  for  this  coast,  and  one  which 
c  ings  to  the  Asiatic  theory,  being  about  the  last  in- 
stance  of  such  views. 


—  A.  D.  1600. 

The  map  in  the  America  of  Mctullus  has  the  Wyt- 
flitt  type.     [Ante,  under  no.  S-".) 

—  A.  D.  160I. 

Sal'nd  ^^T  °^  "^"*'*  ^"'^  Quadus.    (Ante,  nos. 


THE   KOHL  COLLECTION   OF   EARLY   MAPS. 


53 


(Molinsauz'B 


oast  by  C.  de 


ibri  of  Maffeius. 


coMtaind  several 


283.  A.  D.  1602. 


The  CJilifornia  Coast  after 
Viscaiuo. 

The  coast  from  Cape  Mendocino  to  Cape  St. 
Lucas  It  is  composed  from  the  32  charts  of  the 
co-ist  which  Viscaino  made,  and  which  were  depos- 
ted  in  the  Spanish  Archives  when  he  editors  o 
the  vovace  of  the  Spanish  vessels.  "  bu  1  ancl  Mex 
icana'^  brought  the  present  sketch  to  light,  basing  it 

^"c'SeSYn'^S'a^^  Crit.  Hist.  Arnerica,f.^. 
,:;•  and  reproduction  in  Atlas  para  el  Viage  de  las 
^^Itas  SHtil  y  Mexicam  (1802),  by  Dionysio  Alcala- 
Galiano. 

284.  A.  D.  1602.    The  same. 
A  less  perfect  sketch. 

—  A.  D.  1603. 

The  maps  in  Bolero's  Relaciones,  —  ont  of  the 
world,  the  other  of  the  western  hemisphere,  — are  ot 
the  Mercator  type.  The  Italian  edition  was  in  1595- 
CStQante,  under  no.  84.) 

—  A.  D.  1604. 

Buache  engraved  in  17  54  a  Spanish  map  of  1604, 
made  at  Florence  by  Mathieu  Neron  Pecciolen,  which 
shows  the  gulf  of  California  and  adjacent  coasts. 
iHs  also  \nih^Encyclop^die  published  at  Pans  m 
1777  (supplement). 


—  A.  D, 


1606. 


The  map  in  Cespedes'  Regimiento  de  navegacion 
leaves  the  northwest  coast  partially  indeterminate. 
(Ante,  no.  89.) 

—  A.  D.  1613. 

The  map  illustrr-ting  the  narrative  of  Ferdinand 
de  Ouir  in  the  Betectio  Freti  of  Hudson,  edited  by 
H.Geritsz,  gives  an  unusual  width  to  the  straits  of 

A  n  1  in  f 

The'  Mercator-Hondius  atlas  contains  a  map  of 
the  world,  another  of  America,  both  by  Hond.us, 
and  one  of  America  by  Michael  Mercator  They 
aU  show  the  straits  of  Anian,  but  the  protuberant 
coast  of  America  has  no  marked  feature  except  the 
gulf  of  California.  Similar  features  mark  the  map 
of  Hondlus,  which  he  based  on  the  results  o.  the 
voyages  of  Drake  .and  Cavendish  {ante,  no.  91),  ana 
the  map  of  Oliva  {ante,  no.  90). 

—  A.  D.  1622. 

The  map  in  Kasper  van  Baerle's  edition  of  Her- 
rera  is  thought  to  be  the  earliest  ;o  return  to  the 
original  belief  that  the  peninsula  of  Ca.iforma  was 
an  island.  The  history  of  this  latter  belief  is  traced 
in  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America,  n.  401.  etc. 
The  same  1622  edition  of  Herrera  at  the  same  time 
repeats  the  map  from  the  original  edition  of  1601, 
which  presents  the  peninsular  form  for  California. 

—  A.  u.  1625. 

Tlie  -.-..-ip  accnmpnnying  the  treatise  by  Briggs  in 
Purchas's  Pili^rimes  {ante,  no.  100).  It  is  sketched 
in  I-I.  H.  Bancroft's  North  Mexican  .States,  1.   109. 


—  A.  D.  1626. 

The  map  in  John  Speed's  Prospect  makes  Cali- 
fornia an  island,  and  carries  the  main  coast  above  it 
by  a  dotted  line. 

—  A.  D.  1630. 

The  map  in  De  Laet's  Nieuvit  Wereldt.  {Ante, 
no.  92.) 

285.  A.  D.  1630.    Northwest  Coast  by  Dud- 
ley. 

From   Dudley's   Arcano  del  Mare,    1630.     Kohl 
iudges  from  the  original  MS.  draft  of  this  map  pre- 
served in  Munich,  in  which  the  latest  date  men- 
tioned is  1621,  that  Dudley  made  this  map  but  a  tew 
vears  later.     Dudley  seems  not  to  have  been  aware 
of  Viscaino's   drafts.     His  inscriptions  credit  the 
discovery  of  the  coast,  which  he  calls  "  Regno  di 
Quivira,'^'  to  Sir  Francis  Drake  in  1579-     He  shows 
"Asia"  on  the  west  edge  of  the  map,  as  "  La  grand 
isla  di  Tezo,"  and  his  notes  at  Munich  say  that  Dud- 
ley got  his  knowledge  of  that  region  from  the  Jesuits 
in    Japan.     See  facsimile   in  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist. 
America,  ii.  p.  465.    This  is  plate  no.  xxxuii.    Plates 
xxxi.  and  xxxii.  represent  California  as  a  peninsula. 
In  his  Liber  ii.  (p.  19).  a  map  of  "  Nuova  Albione 
extends  from  a  vague  "  golfo  profondo     (with  an 
"  I.  de  Cedros  "  at  its  entrance)  to  Cape  Mendocino. 
Kohl  gives  1630  as  the  date  of  the  Arcano,  but, 
no  earlier  edition  than  1646  has  come  under  my 
observation;  though  the  book  in  a  smaller  shape 
and  of  that  earlier  date  is  said  to  exist. 

286.  A.  D.  1630.    Gulf  of  California  by  Dudley. 

This  is,  as  Kohl  says,  from  the  MSS.  of  Dudley 
at  Munich,  and  not  from  his  Arcano  'el  Mare.  .  he 
names  are  mostly  Italian,  but  a  few  ...e  m  fepamsh. 
He  represents  California  as  a  peninsula.  It  does 
not  appear  whence  he  got  his  views. 

—  A.  D.  1635. 
The  Salstonstall  English  edition  of  the  Hondius- 

Mercator  atlas  has  a  map  of  America  ^yhlch  is  a 
reduction  from  the  map  in  the  1613  edition  of  the 
atlas. 

—  A.  n.  1636. 
The   Hexham  English  edition  of  the  Hondius- 

Mercator  atlas  has  two  maps  showing  the  west  coast 
of  North  America.  In  both  California  is  an  island; 
in  one  there  is,  and  in  the  other  there  is  not  a  break 
in  the  main  coast  line  opposite  the  head  of  the 
island. 

—  A.  D.  1637. 
A  map  in  Le  Monde  of  D'Avity,  sketched  in  H.  H. 

Bancroft's  Northwest  Coast,  i.  108. 


It  makes  California  an  island 
Northwest  Coast,  i.  103,  104 


Cf.  H.  H.  Bancroft's 


—  A.  D.  1640. 

The  alleged  explorations  of  Bartolom^  de  Fonte 
at  this  time  gave  rise,  after  the  publication  of  the  story 
fn  1708,  to  various  conjectural  maps  of  the  west  coast 
of  North  America,  prominent  among  wh.ch  are  the 
renderings  of  Delisle  and  Buache,  1 752-53.  and  the 

map  of  Jefferys.  ._._.  _„f^„.^^h" 

The  indications  of  this  vcnuirc»umc  ^.artngrapn. 
are  noted  in  H.  H.  Bancroft's  Northwest  Coast,  vol. 
i..  and  in  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  Amerira,  11.  p. 
462,  463.     bee  post,  under  A.  D.  1752-53- 


54 


THE  KOHL  COLLECTION  OF  EARLY  MAPS. 


—  A.  D.  1646. 

Dudley's  Arcano  del  Mare.  See  ante,  nos.  285 
2S6. 

The  two  maps  of  Petrus  Koerius  (1646)  in  Speed's 
Prospect  of  the  most  Juimous  Paris  of  the  IVorli  (Lon- 
don, 166S),  show  the  geographical'  confusion  of  the 
time  In  one  California  is  an  island,  with  a  tixcd 
coast  above,  to  the  straits  of  Ani.in  ;  in  the  other, 
California  is  .1  peninsula,  and  there  are  alternative 
coasts  north  of  it,  in  half-shading. 

—  A.  D.  1651. 

A  map  in  Jansson's  Atlas  Minor  makes  California 
.1  penmsula,  indicates  north  of  it  a  doubtful  passage 
to  the  north  sea,  and  further  west  delineates  tiie 
"Prelum  Anian." 

A  map  in  S])ecd's  Prospect  (edition  of  1676)  makes 
C.ape  Mendocino  the  northern  point  of  California 
island,  with  a  break  in  the  coast  of  the  main  land 
op|)osite,  while  another  Cape  Mendocino  is  drawn 
still  further  north. 

_  A  map  of  Virginia  by  Virginia  Farrcr  (facsimile 
m  Aar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America,  iii.  465)  makes  the 
coast  of  New  Albion  (Drake's)  lie  at  the  base  of  the 
western  slope  of  the  A I  leghanies,  narrowing  the  con- 
tinent to  a  few  days'  journey. 

—  A.  n.  1652. 

Maps  of  the  same  cartographer,  called  in  one  N 
I.  Visscher  and  in  the  other  N.  I.  Piscator,  make 
California  a  peninsula,  and  indicate  the  straits  of 
Anian. 

—  A.  D.  1655. 

\yright  in  his  Certain  Errors  in  A^avimtion  has 
an  insular  California. 

287,  A.  D.  1656.    Sanson's  California. 

California  is  shown  as  an  island,  a  view,  as  Kohl 
thinks,  introduced  by  Purchas  (ante,  under  a.  d 
1625;  but  see  under  A.  D.  1622)  in  the  map  which  he 
gives  as  found  among  some  Spanish  charts  captured 
by  the  Hollanders.  The  countrv  inland  is  called 
"  Nueva  Mexico  "  in  the  north,  Knd  "  Nueva  (Jni- 
nada  in  the  south.  The  "  Kio  del  Norte,"  on  which 
.Santa  Fe  is  placed,  runs  into  the  gulf  of  California- 
and  this  river  continued  to  have  this  course  given  to 
"till  Coronelli,  as  Kohl  says,  directed  it  to  the  gulf 
of  Mexico.  The  map  is  reproduced  in  the  supple- 
ment of  the  French  Kncvclopcdie  for  1777. 

S.anson  repeated  his'  draft  in  1657,  making  the 
m.ain  co.xst  end  with  "  Aguhela  de  c'ato ;  "  and  in 
his  LAmirique  (1657-83)  he  puts  a  "  Terrc  de 
Jesso     northwest  of  the  insular  California. 


—  A.  D.  1659. 

The  m.-ip  in  the  Hist,  of  the  World  hv  Petavius 
(Petau)  gives  an  insular  California  .and  the  usual 
break  in  the  mam  coast  opposite  its  northern  e.v 
tremity. 

—  A.  D.  1661. 

^"  Y'"}"  ^r°""'''  sea-atlas  the  map  "  Nova  Granada 
en  1  hylandt  California  "  gives  a  strait  of  Anian  a 
little  higher  up  than  the  island,  and  puts  a  "  Terra 
incognita     beyond  it. 

—  A.  D.  1663. 

The  map  "  America;  nova  descriptio  "  in  Hevlin's 
tosmographie(i(^%  1674. 1677)  carries  above  a  point 


opposite  the  head  of  the  island  of  Calfornia  a  dotted 
line,  which,  farther  above,  branches  in  three  con- 
jectural directions. 

—  A.  D.  1670-71. 

Hlome  follows  Sanson.  In  Montanus  and  Ogilby. 
California  is  an  island  [^ante,  section  vi.,  a.  D.  i67C>- 
73).  Ogilby's  map  is  sketched  in  H.  H.  liancroft's 
Aortlnvest  Coast,  i.  no. 

—  a.  d.  16S3-1704. 

Iiennei)in  sometimes  makes  California  an  island 
sometimes  a  peninsula.  Waeu  about  this  time  had 
the  same  hesitancy. 

288.  a.  d.  168- ?    New  Mexico  by  Coronelli. 

An  imperfect  draft,  without  Kohl's  annotations. 
It  rci)resents  California  as  an  island.  The  "  Rio  del 
Norte  '  becomes  the  "  Rio  liravo,"  and  flows  to  the 
Mexican  gulf. 

.   Coionelli's   globe  of   1683   makes  California  an 
island. 

—  A.  D.  1684. 

Fianf|uclin's  great  map  shows  only  a  part  of  Cali- 
fcrnia,  but  he  marks  it  as  an  island.     (Ante,  section 

111.,  A.  D.  1681-S4.) 

—  A.  D.  1694. 

Jaillot  has  California  an  island,  with  "  Terra  de 
Jesso     northwest  of  it.     (Post,  no.  328.) 

—  A.  D.  1695. 

u,^  ^^?,  "f  Guillaume  Delislc  represents  a  "  Mer  de 
1  Quest  lying  on  the  parallel  from  Cape  Mendo- 
cino  to  Lake  .Superior,  but  he  gives  it  no  defined 
connection  with  the  Pacific,  while  the  stniits  of 
Anian  are  delineated  with  coast  lines  extended  but 
a  .short  di.stance  on  either  side.  This  mai)  w.as  pub- 
lished by  the  younger  Delisle  in  1752. 

About  the  close  of  the  centurv  Covens  and  Mor- 
tier  of  Amsterdam  i)ublishc(l  what  are  known  as  the 
C.arolus  Allard  atlases.  One  of  these  represents 
California  as  an  island,  and  a  "  Terra  Ksonis  "  north 
of  it,  with  a  strait  at  either  cxtrcmitv,  —  th.at  on  the 
w'cst  seiwrating  it  from  "  Vedso,"  apparently  a  part 
of  the  Asiatic  coast. 

—  A.  D.  1698. 

Edward  \yclls  in  his  A^nu  Sett  of  Mafs  gives  the 
island  of  California  with  a  "supposed  straits  of 
Anian  just  north  of  its  upper  end,  but  he  omits  all 
coast  lines  above  it. 

—  A.  n  1700. 

pclisle  makes  California  a  problematical  penin- 
sula. ' 


289.  A.  D.  1701.    Gulf  of  California  by  Father 
Kino. 

.Shows  the  results  of  the  explorations  of  Father 
Kuhn  —  a  German,  whose  name  was  changed  bv 
the  Mexicans  to  Kino,  .as  Kohl  s.av.s,  -  instig.ited 
by  the  Jesuit  Salvatierra.  The  map'shows  the  con- 
victions  of  Kmo,  ih.it  ('.■ilifornia  was  a  r..":-.in=Hla 
rather  than  a  demonstration  from  his  own'  exploiii- 
'""^VJl'^P"''!''^''"'  bis  map  originally  in  the  Let- 
ties  Edifiantes,  vol.  y.  (1705),  and  it  is  called 
lassage   par  tcrre    h.  la  Californie.      Decouvert 


THE   KOHL  COLLECTION   OF   EARLY   MAPS. 


55 


L'alfornia  a  clotted 
163  in  three  con- 


anus  and  Ogilby, 
>n  vi.,  A.  D.  1670- 
II.  II.  liancroft's 


fornia  an  island, 
lut  this  time  had 


y  Coronelll. 

il's  annotations. 

The  "  kio  del 

and  flows  to  the 

s  California  an 


f  a  part  of  Cali- 
(A>iU,  section 


vith  "Terra  de 
28.) 


lents  a  "  Mer  de 
I  Cape  Mendo- 
s  it  no  defined 
the  straits  of 
s  extended  but 
>  map  was  pub- 

vens  and  Mor- 
u  known  as  the 
lese  represents 
Esonis  "  north 
,  —  that  on  the 
[larently  a  part 


'/<7fs  gives  the 
scd  straits  of 
ut  he  omits  all 


natical  penin- 


»  by  Father 

ins  of  Father 
s  changed  by 
i,  —  instigated 
hows  the  con- 

n  ppnin=u!a, 
own  exploia- 
ly  in  the  Lf/- 

it  is  called 
Decouvert 


par  le  Rev.  Vhre  E.  F.  Kino,  Jesuitc,  depuis  1698 

^"slTc'F'atht'r  Kino's  explorations  indicat    '  in  the 
map  of  Alzatc,     [A iifc,  no.  270.) 

Kino's  map  was  re-engraved  by  Uuache  ni  Pars 

ishJIl  in 'London,  in  the  supplen.ent  o  the  freoch 
FncvlopidU  (1777).  '^y  M--^'-'^""  »'»  Report  of  the  Uuf 
fliinccr^,  U.S.  A.  (.878).  and  >"!•"•  "a»- 
croft's  .V<';-///  Mexican  States,  1.  499'  ^f-  -^'"■-  "'"^ 
Crit,  Hist.  America,  ii.  p.  467' 

—  A.  D.  1705. 

The  map  in  Harris's  Collection  of  Voyages,  repro- 
duced in  11.  H-  Bancroft's  Northwest  Coast,  1.  114. 
California  is  an  island. 

—  A.  D.  1707. 

Vander  Aa's  map  is  sketched  in  H.  H.  Bancroft's 
A'orthiuest  Coast,  i.  115. 

—  A.  D.  I7I2. 

A  Spanish  map  of  the  Pacific  coast  of  Mexico  is 
described,  ante,  nc.  269. 

—  A.  0.1715-1717- 

Dclisie  varied  in  his  drafts  of  California,  being 
undecided  on  the  evidence  ;  and  in  the  latter  year, 
while  he  made  it  a  peninsula,  he  cut  the  coast  line 
north  of  it  by  a  great  gulf,  "  Mer  de  1  Quest,  ex- 
tending inland  indefinitely. 

—  A.  D.  1719. 

Ilomann  of  Nuremberg  made  an  insular  Cali- 
fornia, with  an  entrance  to  a  supposed  gulf  oppo- 
site with  an  island  in  the  middle  of  the  passage. 

—  A.  D.  1720. 

The  Atlas  ^eosp-aphiciis  of  Seutter,  Augsburg,  re- 
tains the  Californian  island,  separated  by  a  pas- 
sage, "  Fretum  Anian  hie  esse  creditur,  from 
"  Terra  Essonis." 


ty])e,  that  it  is  scarcely  reconcilable  with  other  charts 
and 'journals,  as  to  the  names  and  situations  of 
i)laces.  The  English  cartographer  also  pricks  out 
the  tracks  across  the  Pacific  of  Gaetan  (1542).  Men- 
dana  (i56<S),  Francisco  de  Gualle  (1583),  Cavendish, 
Spilbergen  (1616),  Fronolat  (1709),  and  of  the  track 
each  wa/  of  the  "  Nucstra  Sefiora  de  Cabodonga 
(1743),  the  ship  captured  by  Anson.  Jefferys  calls 
the  northern  parts  of  the  coast  the  Chinese  "  Fou- 
sang,"  while  Kohl  believes  that  debatable  region  to 
have  been  Japan. 

—  A.  V).  1741. 

Oldmixon's  British  Empire  in  America  still  gave 
an  insular  California,  with  a  dotted  coast  line  above, 
broken  by  the  straits  of  Anian,  — as  drafted  by 

Moll. 

II.  H.  Bancroft's  Northwest  Coast,  1.  124,  gives  a 

Russian  chart. 

291.  A.  D.  1743.    California. 

The  map  mentioned  under  no.  290,  as  engraved 
in  Anson's  Voyages. 

—  A.D.  1743. 

Benin's  map  in  Charlevoix  makes  California  a 
peninsula,  with  a  break  in  the  coast  farther  north 
marked  "  Aguilar."  He  supposes  an  interior  net- 
work  of  waters  connecting  Hudson's  Bay  and  Lake 
Superior  with  the  Pacific,  at  some  point  still  farther 
north.  Cf.  the  map  in  Bonnechose  s  Montcalm  et  le 
Canada  franfais,  Paris,  1882. 

—  A.  D.  1744. 

Map  in  Arthur  Dobb's  Account  of  Countries  Ad- 
joininsr  Hudson's  Bay.  The  Pacific  coast  above  Cape 
Blanco  is  marked  as  unknown,  but  a  passage  called 
Rankin's  Inlet  is  supposed  to  connect  with  Hudson  s 
Bay.  There  is  a  sketch  in  H.  H.  Bancroft  s  North- 
west Coast,  i.  1 23. 


—  A.  D.  1726. 

The  map  in  Shelvocke's  Voyages  professed  to  rep- 
resent current  opinion  in  making  California  an 
island.  Similar  maps  about  this  time  were  issuea 
by  Vander  Aa  of  Amsterdam. 

—  A.  D.  1727. 

Herman  Moll,  the  Engl'sh  geographer,  gives  the 
island  and  the  straits  north  of  it,  with  no  coast  line 
beyond. 

—  A.D.  1728. 

The  map  in  Herrera,  making  California  a  penin- 
sula, carries  the  coast  up  to  Cape  Mendocino. 

290.  A.  D.  1740.    The  California  Coast. 

A  map  of  the  North  Pacific  was  found  by  Anson 
in  1742,  on  board  a  Spanish  ship  captured  by  him  on 
the  China  coast.  It  was  engraved  on  a  reduced 
scn-.p  in  .A-nsnp.'s  Vovai'e  Round  the  World,  London, 
1748.  It  was  next  embodied  by  Jeftcrys  in  his  map 
of  the  North  Pacific,  and  of  this  the  present  map  is 
a  copy,  ieffcrvs,  however,  made  some  additions  to 
the  original  Spanish  map.    He  says  of  this  proto- 


292.  A.  D.  1746. 


The  Gulf  of  California  by 
Consag. 

The  Jesuit  father,  Fernando  Consag,  explored  the 
eastern  coast  of  the  California  peninsula,  and  mak- 
ing the  circuit  of  the  north  end  of  the  gulf,  reached 
the  Colorado  river,  and  proved  for  the  first  time  by 
actual  observation  that  California  was  a  peninsula. 
The  present  is  Consag's  map  of  the  gulf,  made  after 
his  explorations.  It  is  sketched  in  H.  H.  Bancroft  \ 
North  Mexican  States,  i.  463.  and  his  Northwest 
Coast,  i.  125,  126. 

—  A.  D.  1746. 

A  map  published  by  the  successors  of  Homann 
retains  the  peninsular  California  with  the  entrance 
above,  marked  "Aguilar."     ,,.,,,      r^,^r.^^r,A 

Another  German  map  published  by  Covens  and 
Mortier,  Introduction  <J  la  Giographic,  gives  an  insu- 
lar California,  with  a  "  Detroit  d'Anian,  s"PPosed 
to  connect,  through  a  "  Mer  glaciale,"  with  button  s 
Bay,  a  part  of  Hudson's  Bay. 

—  A.  D.I  747. 

The  maps  in  Bowcn's  Geography  iwz  a  prninsular 
California  with  indications  of  a  strait  above  Cape 
Mendocino,  but  the  parts  above  are  marked  un- 
discovered." 


56 


THE   KOHL   COLLECTION   OF  EARLY  MAPS. 


—  A.  D.  1748. 

—  A.  D.  1750. 

onaie  makes  California  a  peninsula,  and  marks  a 
passage  above  as  discovered  by  Martin  d'AguHar. 

—  A.  D.  1752-53. 

pelisle  and  Buache  were  making  maps  of  the 
coast  above  the  peninsula  of  California,  cut  up  fan^ 

connecting  the  Pacific  with  the  Great  Lakes  and 
Hudson's  Bay,  in  vain  attempts  to  reconcile  wHh 
positive  knowledge  the  accounts  of  Maldonado  De 
Fucaand  De  Fonte  Delisle's  map  is  reproduced 
-i^u"    ;^\?^"S''°^'^  Nort/nvest  Coast,  i.  128. 

sei  reacS  t  n°""''"  '"/''°^"'  *°  ^^  ^"  ^"terior 
wJ  ■  \l  ^^  passages  from  the  Pacific,  figures 
largely  ,„  these  maps,  and  the  imaginary  drift  ofit 
by  Buache  is  reproduced  in  J.  B.  Laborde's  .WW 
yrLl^7;JlT.'r'''^  '"  the  supplement  of  the 
S^tfe^OH  '777-  Cf.  Dobb's  JVort/nvest 
i-wjw(^^  (1754)  Other  cartographical  solutions  of 
ths  problem  will  be  found  in  simuel  Enge  ^  ^7°! 

sanne  1765);  ,„  his  Extraits  raisonnh  dc,  Voyages 
flJ  fr  ^''''""  ''P*^'"MonaLs  de  I'Asie  Vde 
{^»"l^,"!''f  (Lausanne,  1765,  1779);  and  in  William 

52i'  i""'"/'  '^  ''"  ?"''"''  dominions  bey.XZ 
/»/■/««//£■  (London,  1770).  -^ 

See/^j-/,  nos.  334,  339. 


Janvier  in  the  Atlas  Moderne  indulees  in  all  thf 

SV^'f/'^'f ''^  •''"''  ^'"^"^'''^  had  maT  in  deal W 
with  the  alleged  voyages  of  De  Fonte  and  the  others^ 

—   A.  D.  1763. 

i2it\r!fZf^  '/^JJ'f' '>"^  Other  uncertainties  are 
ParFs,  ^76^  '  ''"S"'"'^^'  P«r  I'M.  Buache. 

—  A.  D.  1767. 

Map  by  Alzate  {ante,  no.  270).     A  Tesuit  man  of 

—  A.  D.  1768. 

Jefferys'  map  of  the  De  Fonte  narrative  eiven 
a  so  in  the  supplement  of  the  French  EncyclfpMe 
J1777),  and  m  H.  H.  Bancroft's  Northwest  Coalt. 

—  A.  D.  1772. 

Vaugondy's  Carte  de  la  Californie,  reproduced  ih 
the  supplement  of  the  French  £Hcyc}oj>Me(^yjyy 

—  A.  D.  1774-1790. 

Copies  of  maps  in  the  Hydrographic  Office  Ma- 
drid  now  m  the  Department'  of  State,  Washhigfon 
marked  F.a^es  de /os  £spa,loles  a  la  rosta  noZfte^ 
17m  '^  '"         """'  ''"  1^-1775-177971788  y 


293.  A.D.  1753.    The  Northwest  Coast,  by  T 
Jefferys. 
From  Cape  St.  Lucas  to  60°  n.  lat     An  inmm 
Plete  sketch       Shows   New  Albion    and   the  X 

wel' in  mfd '"■''''••  ^  '^'P'^°^«'  '"g^  island  ?o?'e 
west  in  mid  ocean  is  marked  as  seen  or  suspected  to 
exist  by  Behr.ng  in   1728,  and  Tschirikow'^^r?74i 

wUhir  Wi^r;eg"''^°"'^  '°  '^"""•^'^^  ''^^  f-^'fi-^ 

294.  A.  D.  1758.    Alaska. 

Map  of  discoveries  made  by  Russian  vessels  wh.Vli 
u^s  published  by  the  Acadelny  at  II  Petersburg  J 
1759.  showing  the  voyage  of  Behrinc  and  Tsrhiri 
kow.  The  Aleutian  islands  are  shown  a  con  Sed" 
to  form  a  supposable  broad  peninsula.  The  "  R  vS 
.ere  delos  Reyes  de  I'Admira!  de  Fjnte"064o  is 
marked  "  prctenda,  "  and  the  inlet  held  to  be  found 
?nhnd  tVI  \^'^'  >s  indicated,  but  not  continued 
miand.     The  entrance  found  by  d'Acuilar  in  iTwt  w 

roue's//^  '°""'  ""^^  '°  '^""'-^^  wfth  the  •■  it'de 

—  A.  D.  1760. 


An  entrance  to  an  interior  passage  in  the  north- 
west is  given  in  L'Amh-hme  par  les  S''  &v7n^i 
-^'fi^fP^^rUS^.Rol^^t.    if  is  g^vent  Vandfr  Aa^ 


west 

rectiju^  f,ur  ic  .j  .  i^unerc.     it  is  gi 

Galerie  agriable  du  Monde,  vol.  1. 

—  A.  D.  1761, 

Jajanise  map?"'''  ''''''"''''  ^-^''  ■•  '30,  gives  a 
—  A.  n.  \~i(i2, 

Jefferys  in  delineating  the  northwest  coast  puts  an 
entrance  supposed  to  have  been  found  in  1502  bv 
Juan  de  Fuca  to  the  south  of  "  Fousang  "      ^^    ^ 


295.  A.  D.  1775.    Upper  California  by  MaurelU. 

The  chart  of  Antonio  Morelli,  who  accomoaniprl 

Mexkr"'B°1  ''="', °"'  '"  '775  by  the  Vice^oJ'of 
Mexico.  Bodega,  who  commanded  one  of  the  ves- 
sels,  discovered  a  harbor  just  north  of  San  Fran 
CISCO,  and  named  it  after  himself  Kohl  copies  "n 
this  a  transcript  of  a  chart  preserved  in  tL  Spanish 
Arduvxs,  which  transcript,  attested  by  Navar  etc  t 
m  the  Department  of  State  at  Washington.  It  pur! 
po  ts  to  be  drawn  from  observations  made  by'Bo- 
dcga,  commander  of  the  «  Sonora,"  and  by  Maurelli 
There  are  no  indications  of  De  Fuca's  strait  on  it. 

—  A.  D.  1775. 

A  map  by  Jefferys  delineates  the  coast  from  New 
Albion  to  Mount  St.  Elias,  indicating  several  opeT 
ings,  but  not  carrying  them  inland.  ^ 

—  A.  D.  1776, 

A  map  by  Jefferys  pives  a  protuberant  coast  line 
at  the  northwest,  named  "America,"  the  northem 
par  of  which  he  marks  -according  to  thrfaS 
ese."  vyhile  south  of  that  he  designates  it  as  rj 
•seen  by  Spangenberg.  ,728,"     "  ^lashka  "  i"  ma  e 

See  past,  no.  336. 

296.  A.  D.  1777     San  Francisco  and  Monterey 
by  Junipero  Serra. 

"  VuT.  '^  "''"'''  !",  ^^-^  ^'""^''  ^^''S'^um  inscribed  : 
„rl  r'^.."v'''H-  "^^^J"'^'  ^'''^'^  '-''-■«'^"  Mon.ercval 
tecit.  anno  ,777."  Supposed,  in  the  p ricLe  tr"ck 
"pen  the  drawng.  to  re  , resent  the  jou  nev "f  Don 
Jose  Moraza,  about  the  bay  of  San  Francisro  nn!l  ?^ 
record  his  surveys.    Kohl  supp^Us  the  imperfect 


THE   KOHL  COLLECTION   OF   EARLY   MAPS. 


57 


uiges  in  all  the 

iiade  in  dealing 

and  the  others. 


nccrtainties  are 
'usnge  dtt  Noi  en 
r  Phil.  Buache, 


Jesuit  map  of 
piemen  t  of  the 


arrative,  given 
h  EncychpMie 
^rthwest  Coast, 


reproduced  iit 
'i^die  (1777). 


ic  Office,  Ma- 

Washington, 

!ta  norvesle  de 

■1779,  1788  y 

»y  Maurelli. 

accompanied 
e  Viceroy  of 
2  of  the  ves- 
f  San  Fran- 
)hl  copies  in 
the  Spanish 
Navarrete,  is 
on.  It  pur- 
nade  by  Bo- 
by  Maurelli. 
traits  on  it. 


t  from  New 
iveral  open- 


it  coast  line 
le  northern 
the  Japan- 
it  as  land 
a  "  is  made 
straits  sep- 


ilonterey 

inscribed  : 
[onterey  al 
:trus  Font 
:ked  track 
ey  of  Don 
ico,  and  to 
imperfect 


delineation  of  the  Monterey  waters  to  follow  earlier 
surveys. 

—  A.  D.  1778- 

The  map  in  Carver's  Travels  through  the  Interior 
r.irtsofr  ■'/;  America  in  1766-1708,  London,  I778- 
It  shows  t  New  Albion  coast,  with  vague  nidica- 
tions  of  the  straits  of  Anian  and  the  Western  sea. 
It  is  sketched  in  H.  II.  Bancroft's  Northwest  Coast, 

'■  Captain  James  Cook's  map  of  his  explorations  on 
the  northwest  coast,  published  in  his  Voyage  to  the 
Pacific  Ocean,  1776-1780. 

297.  A.  D.  1782.    Upper  California  by  Maacaro. 

The  coast  is  shown  from  Cape  Mendocino  to  San 
Dieco.  From  a  MS.  Spanish  map  m  the  Ikitish 
Museum.  The  tracks  of  the  expedition  by  land  of 
Juan  Baptista  de  Ansa  and  others  are  noted  by 
pricked  lines. 

;.    New  Mexico  by  Maa- 
caro. 


298,  299.  A.  D.  178; 


A  tracing  from  the  original  in  the  British  Museum, 
and  an  imperfect  draft  of  the  same,  without  annota- 
tions by  Kohl. 

300.  A.  D.  1782.    Port  of  San  Diego. 

Published  in  1802,  in  the  accounts  of  the  voyage 
of  the  "  Sutil  y  Mexicana." 

—  A.  D.  1782. 

Janvier's  map  preserves  the  great  Sea  of  the  West, 
with  two  entrances,  — one  passed  by  Aguilar,  the 
other  by  De  Fuca.  It  is  sketched  in  II.  II.  Ban- 
croft's Northwest  Coast,  i.  135. 

—  A.  D.  1786. 

The  maps  of  La  Perouse  in  his  Voyage  autour  du 
Monde.  II.  H.  Bancroft,  Northwest  Coast,  1  ••''^ 
sketches  one  of  them. 


176, 


301.  A.  D.  1787.    Old  and  New  California  by 
Diego  Franciaco. 

Shows  the  gulf  of  California  and  the  Pacific  coast 
north  to  San  Francisco.  Made  to  show  the  travels 
of  [unipero  Serra,  the  president  of  the  missions  of 
California.  The  bounds  between  New  and  Old 
California  are  laid  down  as  an  east  and  west  line 
from  the  coast,  just  south  of  San  Diego,  to  the  head 
of  the  gulf  of  California.  A  road  is  indicated  as 
connecting  all  the  missions. 

— -A.D.  1787. 

The  map  in  George  Dixon's  Voyages  Round  the 
World,  1785-1788,  part  of  which  is  given  m  U.  11. 
Bancroft's  Northxoest  Coast,  i.  180. 

302.  A.  D.  1 791.    Port  of  Monterey. 

From  the  atlas  of  the  "  Sutil  y  Mexicana  "  voyage. 

303.  A.  D.  1791.    The  Straita  of  Juan  de  Fuca. 

Part  of  a  MS.  chart  of  Vancouver.-,  Island  and 
surrounding  waters,  obtained  from  Mexico,  u  .d  pre- 
served at  Washington.  It  shows  the  Spanish  sur- 
veys of  Francisco  Elisa,  or  his  deputy,  Alferez 
Quimper.    It  is  given  in  the  Reply  oj  the  United 


States  (1872)  on  the  San  Juan  boundary;  and  II.  H. 
Bancroft's  Northwest  Coast,  i.  242,  gives  part  of  it. 
Cf.  other  maps  of  Elisa,  Ibid.  i.  pp.  245,  247. 

304.  A.D.  1791.    Friendly  Cove,  Vancouver'a 

laland. 

From  the  map  published  in  the  account  of  the 
voyage  of  the  "  Sutil  y  Mexicana."    ?>ttpost,  no.  310.  . 

305.  A.  D.  1791.    Queen  Charlotte's  Island  by 

Captain  Ingraham. 

From  the  MS.  report  of  Captain  Ingraham,  pre- 
served in  the  Department  of  State,  Washington,  — 
the  same  named  by  Captain  Gray  in  1790,  "  Wash- 
ington Island." 

—  A.  D.  1791. 

Map  in  Marchand's  Voyage  autotir  du  Monde,  \)aTt 
of  which  is  given  in  H.  H.  Bancroft's  Northwest 
Coast,  i.  256. 

—  A.D.  I79I. 

Georg  Forster's  Nordwestkiiste  von  America,  show- 
ing the  "  Grosser  Nordlische  Archipelagus  Lazan, 
with  "Juan  de  Fuca's  Einfahrt." 

306.  A.  D.  1792.      Quadra   and   Vancouver's 

Island  by  Ingraham. 

From  the  same  report  as  no.  305.  Cf.  H.  H.  Ban- 
croft's Northwest  Coast,  i.  278. 

307.  A.D.  1792.    California  Coast. 

Shows  the  coast  from  17°  to  48°  n.  lat.,  following 
part  of  a  Spanish  chart  in  the  archives  at  Wasning- 
ton,  which  came  from  Mexico.    See  no.  309.  A-f'- 

308.  A.  D.  1792.    California  Coaat. 

The  map  in  the  Atlas  fara  el  Viage  de  las  Goletas 
Sutil  y  Mexicana  en  1703,  published  in  1802,  under 
the  editing  of  Nav.irrete.  -  the  ships  being  com- 
manded by  Valdes  and  Galiano.  Ihe  map  maker 
profited  b)- the  surveys  of  Vancouver,  who  had  pub- 
lished his  results  meanwhile. 

309.  A.  D.  1792.    Northwest  Coaat. 
A  continuation  northward  of  the  chart,  no.  307. 


Friendly  Cove  by  Captain 
Ingraham. 


310.  A.D.  179 
From  Ingraham's  report,  already  cited. 

311.  A.  D.  1792.    Vancouver's  laland  and  the 

Oregon  Coaat. 

From  the  Atlas  of  the  "Sutil  y  Mexicana"  expe- 
dition. 

—  A.  D.  1792-93- 

IT.  H.  Bancroft  in  his  Northwest  Coast,  vol.  i.,  gives 

the  following  maps :  ,     ,       ^  \ 

'   j_'        Haswell's  map  of  Nootka  (p.  262). 

1702.   Caamaiio's  map  (p.  26<9). 

1702.   Gali.ano's  ma,)  (p.  272). 

1792.  Vancouver's  maps  (pp.  276,  2»0). 

1793,  Vancouver's  map  (p.  292). 


I 


58 


THE  KOHL  COLLECTION   OF   EARLY  MAPS. 


—  A 


D.  1793. 

//J/>^,c;"'''''/1^'"'>  G^'-'son's   Observations  on 
inL'n  77.     '"""""'  "1  "^l^"'"''  '""^  ^"">  Oceans, 

—  A.  D.  1812-1813. 

Carta  general  (Pacific  ocean) /^r  %j/«V  ^j-i)/>/wa 
Londres  am  1812  :  Corregida  In  1S13.  ""' ■^'^""'"'■ 

312.  A.  D.  1854. 
An  engraved  j^-^ir/^  des  /?usshc/,en  Amerika  rs 

W..«  W.«.^;.«  ran  //.  7.  //./«,<5,^^.  Ilelsingfors, 


X. 

THE   NORTHERN   PACIFIC   OCEAN 
AND   ITS   COASTS.  ^'^'^'^ 

#•#  See  section  ix. 

313.  A.  D.  1457.    China  and  Japan. 

314.  A.  D.  1490.    Eastern  India,  from  the  Ptol- 
emy of  1490. 

The  furthest  point  to  the  west  is  the  gulf  of 
?rf ',"  ^>  P^'='fi<=  '=o=i3t  is  cut  off  by  thf  riglu 
hand  edge  of  the  map,  and  this  is,  in  Kohl's  opi  fo  , 
the  shore  Cohnnbus  bcbeved  that  he  was  sl^irting 
saibng  along  the  gulf-sidc  of  Central  America,  f  he 
n.|me  Catfgara,  here  on  the  land  at  the  S  t-hand 
edge  of  the  map,  Kohl  says  he  finds  in  eaflv  maps 

^^^T^^! '''"'  ^""^'^^-  ^-  ^"- ''^ 

315.  A.  D.  1513.    Pacific  Ocean. 

A  Portuguese  map.  The  west  coast  of  America 
IS  umndentc<l,  and  runs  nearly  northwest  from  !° 
south  latitude.  The  Moluccas  .and  the  sou  heas  pt 
nmsula  of  Asia  are  shown.  Follows  .a  Xn  pre- 
served m  the  Military  Museu>n  at  Munich      Kohl 

oa  Miranda  de  Azevedo  m  15 13,  who  joined  at  the 
Moluccas  an  earlier  expedition  ( 1511-15,"  1  yFr,! 
CISCO  SerrSo  to  those  islands.  This  map  I's  ketchel 
in  the  ,V„r.  and  Cnt.  Hist.  America,  ii.'p  4^0  See 
section  IX.,  under  A.  D.  1513.  ^    ^^ 


317.  A.  D.  1536.     The  Moluccas  by  Baptista 
Agnese. 

\Jm'^  "''^ ''"''?  °^  ^8""^  '■"  'fi'^  Brit'sli  Museum. 

back  bvT)H''r"'"%^«"'=^^  "^<^^'  ""^  "^'-^l^  '"-""S 
back  bv  IJel  Cano  from  Magellan's  expedition   1,^ 

nonf  'H^  ^''  """"^  "f  Si'anish  in  tre'na  S'and 
none  of  Portuguese.     The  names  in  I'igafet la's  nar- 

[riuuls"  re  nf:  '^r'^  "T^"  •^^'^  f°"'"'  h-e    a,ul  the 
Inlands  are  p  aced  m  relation  to  each  other  as  to  di- 
rection and  distance  as  in  that  report.    The  Moluc- 
cas  seem  to  be  curiouslv  duplicated,  the  one  draf 
of  them  being  15°  east  of  the  other. 

3ia  A.  D.  1536.    Eastern  Asia  by  Agnesd 

From  the  same  At/as  as  no.  317.    it  shows  the 
oTcS  '°"''""  '^^""""'^^  °^  ^ '-'  a«d  tCcols? 

319.  A.  D.  1542.    Eastern  Asia  by  Rotz. 

//'^'"''./"'''"."^    Orient,"  from   Rotz's   Boke  of 
:iT''^'7^'\  the  Pritish  Museum.     It  shows  thf 
two  great  Asiatic  peninsulas,  the  islands  of  Java 
etc    and  what  seem  to  be  the  northern  p    ts  ofAus: 
tra.a;   and  this,  in  Kohl's  opinion,  is  the  earliest 


316.  A.  D.  1518.  (■>)    Pacific  Ocean. 

r.^^ll^" ?''^'^'^^  ^""'•^  ^'^  'he  "  Ilhas  de  Maluqua  " 
on  the  extreme  east  the  coast  discovered  by  ]  .aboa 

«j;Uba,  tloiicLi  etc.  In  mid-oce.in  there  is  nothing 
The  origina  is  a  Portuguese  chart  in  the  Mili^nrv 
Museum  at  A  unich.  Kohl  supposes  it  to  Lvc  S 
m.-u!e  about  the  time  Magellan's  fleet  was  fitt  nVm 
and  that  it  probably  represent,  that  explorer 's^iwJ 
of  the  ocean  which  lie  was  going  to  seek.  The  eiilf 
of  Mexico  is  left  open  towards  the   Pacific      The 

j\ar.  ana  Cnt.  Hist.  America,  li.  217. 


320.  A.  D.  1543.    Asia. 

.Shows  the  whole  of  Asia.  From  the  Polv/nttoria 
of  .So  inus.  T  he  southeastern  part  becomes  a  con/r 
nental  peninsula,  as  in  the  .incieiu  r^aps  Tl  n" 
'itT\  t-'^,""""^.  Tsingrinus,  did  not  recognize  ie 
fact,  as  Kohl  thinks,  that  the  Portuguese  had  -ilrpnrl^ 

321.  A.  D.  1550.    Japan  and  the  China  Coast 
by  Freire. 

K,^,?""!  1  •?'"V"'''*,"°  ''y  J"^»  Freire,  inspected  bv 
Koh  while  in  the  liands  of  Santaicm.  In  hisnoteF 
Kohl  says  that  some  of  the  maps  in  it  are  dated 
546.  though  this  one  is  undated /but  he  bdie  c  it 
to  have  been  made  about  1550.  It  w.is  in  ico^r 
.545  that  the  Portuguese  under  Fe  d  nan  1  M^^.^Iel 
i'into  reached  Japan;  but  their  commercial  iier 
course  began  in  .549,  when  their  missionar    X  vie^ 

of  tlV'r  ''  ■"""''•     '^'"■''  "^'-^  ■■»  'M"=  "f  the^o  tour 
of  the  Japanese  coast  common    n  European  mn  « 

S^a,"';.,'.^'"  "'""«"  "■=  »'»•«  "'  "  K, 

From  Ilomem's  MS.  atlas  in  the  British  Museum 
As  .a  Portuguese,  Homcm's  kiu.wledgeTthe  ClZ; 
coast  was  superior  i  ,  that  of  any  o^le  existing 
record,  and  better  th.u.  that  employed  by  OrtS 
and  Mercator  much  later.  "'         ■'  '^"'■""s 


323.  A.  n.  1568. 


The  East  India  Islands  bv 
Martiues. 


The  chief  name  on  the  map  is  "  Jsoli  Maluchi " 

nnrked'"'r'  "''''"  '"''''  "^  '''"  Antarctic  coSnt 
marked  discoperta  novamente."  The  map  is  •« 
accurate  than  Ilomem's.     (See  ante,  no.  S       ^ 


THE   KOHL  COLLECTION   OF   EARLY   MAPS. 


59 


i  by  Baptista 


>hlna  Coast 


324   A  D.  I  '570.    Straits  of  Anian  and  Neigh- 
boring Lands  by  Ortelius. 

From  the  Theatntm  orbis  termriiith  Antwerp,  i570. 
Kohl  says  that  lor  all  north  (jf  40"  (Japan)  Ortelius 
had  no  authority  but  Pliny,  Ptolemy,  Marco  Polo, 
aul  the  geograi..,;oal  traditions  of  l"s  f me.  An 
"Oceanus  Scythicus"  is  given  above  58  N.  lat., 
bounded  westerly  by  a  northern  peninsula  of  Asia. 
America  lies  wliolly  south  of  the  same  ocean.  1  he 
neninsula  of  California  is  drawn,  but  represented 
^ery  broad;  the  gulf  is  called  "  Mar  Verineio." 
Tapan  is  longest  east  and  west,  and  lies  midway 
be  ween  Asia  and  America.  The  sea  contracts 
above  Japan,  in  48°  N.  lat.,  forming  the  straits  o 
Anian  ("Stretto  di  Anian").  He  gets  '  Qumci," 
"Mmci"  "Mare  Cin,"  from  Marco  Polo.  Ihe 
map  is  'called  "  Tartaric  sive  Magni  Chami  regm 

^^'Hie  straits  of  Anian  seem  to  be  earliest  indicated 
on  the  Marlines  map  {ante,  in  section  i.x.,  under 
A  r>  1558)-  Various  later  maps  in  that  section 
show  the  changing  notions  respecting  the  straits  of 
Anian. 

325.  A.  D.  1 574.    Anian  and  Quivira  by  Fcrlani. 

A  small,  incomplete  sketch  of  Forlani's  map  (  vith- 
ont  comment  by  Kohl),  showing  the  straits  of  Anian 
separating  "Anian  Regnum"  from  "Quivir,  with 
"  Isle  di  Giapan,"  stretching  cast  and  west  between 
the  Asiatic  and  American  coasts.  It  is  sketJheU  in 
the  Niir.  and  Cril.  Hist.  America,  ii.  p.  454. 

—  A.  D.  1 583-1600. 

The  Japanese  map  in  the  Sloane  collection,  British 
Museum. 

326.  A.  D.  1 592.    Northeastern  Asia  and  Japan 
from  Molineaux's  Globe. 

Extract  from  the  globe  in  the  Middle  Temple, 
London.  The  contour  of  Japan  follows  Portuguese 
sources. 

—  A.  D.  1597- 

No  -8  of  the  Arnheim  edition  of  Ptolemy,  show- 
ing tiie  straits  of  Anian.  (See  </;/.',■  section  ix., 
under  A.  D.  1597) ;  »o.  3-,  sli"wing  the  North  Pacific. 
(See  Ibid.) 


327.  A.  D.  1609.    China  and  .Tapan. 

From  a  MS.  sketch  on  vellum  in  the  Jl^hish 
Museum,  purporting  to  have  been  sent  from  Madrid 
in  1609. 

328.  A.  D.  1636.    Japan. 

Called  "  Perfccte  Karte  van  de  gelegentheijdt  des 
Landtsvan  lapan."  It  is  taken  from  a  book  pub- 
lished in  1636  {three  vears  before  the  Portuguese 
were  expelled  from  Japan  by  the  Dutch),  entulcd 
A\rAtc-  J,\'sc/in'7'i>ti,v  van  het  macti:^k  Koninghnjk  van 
Jafan  (Lucas  and  Caron).  The  island  is  repre- 
sented as  connected  by  a  neck  with  the  continental 
"  Landt  van  Jlsso."  •       „     h 

The  explorations  of  the  Dutch  gave  rise  to  the 
br^licf  in  a  larce  island  King  in  the  north  f  aalic, 
between  America  and  Asia,  called  the  i.-,1.ukI  oI 
"  Tesso,"  with  the  supposed  straits  of  Anian  on  the 
east  and  the  "  Detroit  de  Vries  "  on  the  west.  It 
clung  for  some  time  to  the  maps.  Cf.  Nar.  ami 
Oit.Hist.  America,  ii.  pp.  463.  464.  wl^efe  is  a  fac- 


simile of  the  map  of  Hennepin,  as  repeated  by  Cam- 
panius.  There  :ire  other  indications  of  it  m  maps 
noted  in  section  i.x.,  after  this  date.  (See  post,  no. 
330) 

329.  A.  D.  1700.     Northeastern  Asia  by 
Ysbraud  Ydrea. 

Made  from  explorations  of  this  agent  of  the  Rus- 
sian  Rovernment,  and  published  as  "Nova  Tabula 
Imperii  Uussici."  "  Kamzatza  "  is  a  small  river  of 
the  region,  which  ought  to  show  the  peninsula  ol 
Kamtschatka,  but  instead  shows  a  rectangular  cape, 
with  the  Pacific  shore  running  north  and  south,  ana 
the  Arctic  shore  east  and  west. 

330.  A.  D.  1706.  Terra  de  Yesso  by  Lugtenberg. 

A  curious  configuration  of  North  America  is 
bounded  on  the  north  by  Hudson's  bay,  connecting 
by  the  straits  of  Anian  with  the  Pacific.  North  of 
these  straits,  and  west  of  Hudson's  bay  and  Baffin  s 
bay,  is  an  elongated  (east  and  west)  "  lerra  de 
Yesso,"  separated  at  the  west  end  by  the  "  Straet  de 
Vries"  from  Yedso,  a  part  of  Asia,  of  which  Japan 
is  a  southern  peninsula.  He  supposes  "  Yesso  to 
be  the  countrv  of  the  Lost  Tribes,  uid  the  route  by 
which  America  was  peopled  fron^  >ia.  A  chain  ot 
smaller  lakes  connects  the  Or  JLakes  of  CanaUa 
with  the  Pacific.     (See  ante,  no.  328.) 

331.  A.  D.  172- (?)  Kamtschatca  by  Homann. 
Published  by  J.  B.  Homann  in  N'/emberg.  Evi- 
dently made  before  Behring's  expedition  in  172S.  it 
purports  to  be  based  on  the  reports  of  Russian 
caracks  and  sable  hunters.  The  peninsula  is  ex- 
tended too  far  south,  and  Homann  seems  to  con- 
found it  with  Jesso.  The  northern  end  of  Niphon 
or  Japan  is  shown.  The  mouth  of  the  Amur 
(Amoor)  is  shown. 


332.  A.  D.  1721. 


Northern  and  Eastern  Asia 
by  Lange. 

Without  annotation. 

333.  A.  D.  1728.     North  Eastern  Asia  by 
Behring. 

Without  annotation. 

334.  A.  D.  1750.    Northern  Pacific  by  Delisle 
and  Buache. 

"  Carte  des  nouvelles  decouvertes  au  nord  de  la 
mer  du  Sud,  drcssee  sur  les  memoires  deM.de 
L'lsle  par  Phihppe  Buache,  et  present^  k  '"^  ^  f" 
mie  des  Sciences  par  M.  De  L'lsle,  I750."  P^lisle 
worked  up  his  memoir  in  St.  Petersburg,  with  the 
aid  of  Russian  reports  and  surveys.  The  tracks  ot 
Behring,  Spanberg,  and  others  are  laid  down.  Bu- 
ache has  tried  on  the  American  side  to  reconcile  the 
reports  of  De  Fontc  with  the  later  Russian  dis- 
coveries, and  gives  a  large  inland  "  Mer  de  I'Oucst," 
the  archipelago  of  St.  Lazare  and  connecting  inland 
waters,  and  Vhe  "lac  de  Velasco."  He  also  put3 
down  the  supposed  land  seen  by  I>c  O.ama  in  mid- 
ocean,  as  also  seen  by  Tschirikow  and  Delisle  m  1741. 
See  section  ix.,  under  A.  D.  1752-53- 

335.  A.  D.  1761.   Shores  of  the  Northern  Ocean. 

The  map  in  Coxe's  Russian  i;/j-^<7irr/«,  London, 
180^  showinc  the  exploration  of  the  Russian  Shal- 
auroHn  liGi*:  Cf.  m'ap  of  the  Northern  Pacific  with 
Russian  discoveries,  in  London  Magazine,  1704- 


6o 


THE^KOHL  COLLECTION  OF  EARLY  MAPS. 

■  <««**        A ■  ■ . 


'^^  ^-^^  ^768~R^aji  America. 

is  made  a  hut  it  a  ml  hin.  ff''f '''"•  "^'=»«chka  " 
America,  this  ,)„inf  f  ^  ^  ""  "''^  <^"-'»s'  "f  North 
severed  in  t  e'n  a  from  ^hr"''"''"  ^-nerica  I,d  J 
that  in  construcli^i^t  ,is'  ,,n'.;"'":  .^'T'^  'hin)<s 
Ivan  Levow,  was  used         '         '''''"■'  "^  *  Russian, 

See  a«/,,  section  ix.,  under  A.  D.  1776. 

vasheff.        ■"•'»^a»  by  Kienitzin  aad  Le- 

Th^rrth^Smosfrih'esf trr'  ^°'"'''"'  'S°3. 
Island."  but  it  hafa  c^t,cc7ii;^r^"^^"'^'^''^^^ 
coast,  and  is  really  the  ]Su  if  aLsII  "'  """"^"^ 

338.  A  a  ,775.   Russian  America  by  Jefferys 

thf  rrth1rn"co°asF^f'^t;  '"     ^^^'^"^'^  -"''"-s 


de  Mr.  M.  En."  'c' de  V.  '"  P,''"'"^  ■''y'^'^>" 
rfe  I'Asie  et  le  Nor  !-(  cTt  "if 'r^^"''  ''^  ^'^^'l-K^t 
cartes  modcrnes.  ]'ir  m  f  '  •'}me''ciue  avec  dcs 
outlines  are  given  l/rcd  V  ''' '^5-"  Engcls 
Bnache's  in  bh,e/  T  eToL^lL^'""''^ '''  '".»  '^'^''ck, 
as  much  as  40'  i„  so„ 'e  nhces  ''^'"'"  '''"'  'h'^'" 
i>ee  ««/..  section  ix ,  under  a.  d.  175,-53 


3*3.  A.  D.  ,548.    NoTthv^em  Europe" 

J^!X:h'^ohl'u^:;^:^,ri^'v^^r'"■  "^ "-" 

344.  A.  D.  1546.    Scandinavia. 

la3"^^F:i;;/^'fe"^S^'=|;;-c.«Is,amda"(rce- 

po.ssession,  when  Koh  00k It  ^"f's  .^'■'''■'-''  '"  "'*= 
branch  of  the  JJaltic  is  ma,\l  f.  '^•""••"■'•""'-  One 
northern  ocean.  Kohl  sml?,  /  Z"""''''-"'  ''''^^'  "'c 
the  nan,es  in  the  no  1  ZfltJr""  ""=  ^•'^'^'  "'•■»' 
not  Scandinavian,  tha  the Ve.V  wP'i'''^'  "^  '""  '^^-^^ 
crn  drafts.     (W;,/;.,  no.  153.)        *■  ''"'  ""'  "^«  "'^"h- 

345.  A.  a  ,567.  Scandinavia  by  Olaus  Magnus. 

nnvi"i;;?^S-;|, -=;•;;"  the  "-'-V  "f  Scandi- 
cal  kno'wle<lge.  a« ^Hhl  t  i  ks^'of''"'"'  «eograph!- 
tlate.  A  peninsula  in  I,;:,^  ''  '""^'''  earlier 
|na,,.  extending  to   s"o.].t"'''''^'-"','T'   "^  ">« 

na4oft,.i^i;::-'-:;2srinhe^:^„u,|^i,^^ 


XI. 

V  See  sections  i..iv.,  v.,  and  vi. 

3^  A.  n.  ,450.  Ti,e  Northern  Coast  of  Europe. 

The  island  "  Anfilia''Cd'.'sSti'a"t  SouSr"""" 
3*1-  A.D  X534.    Scandinavia  by  Bordone. 

i53rrh;';!.rif  Stt'SSfa''^^''''''f' ^-'-. 

It  shows   the   Baltic   °L   si "^.'''''^'■'^'^  '"  'S-^S 
with  "  Engronelant '-'(G  eenhnH  1  1  ^'""   ''^"'"'"''-^ 

7    - '^^^ie^-SSa?^^^^^^^^^^  '- 

N^Il^j^rihJSS^^^^'ll^-'-ntheJastby 
'•.e.  Virens  terra."  ad  outhl'  f"'"'  "fironland" 
s.Ve  de  Jiaccalao;,  I.ca  ,0  !  "  '  ^  ^""  ""^a 
terruptcd  at  the  nortlnves  Kv  ,~  '"''"''^  ™='-'^*  '"s  '"n- 
"Island,  Thyle"  ilTu  ^  ?  "l"'""'^  or  vignette 
this  ocean,    ^[^the  e.^Sf  no ';;,'V"  ''h^  ?''^^^  °^ 

unter  hie  Stockfish.'^'Tl,  ^.^  ^^'^,54;^^'- 


''L7rT  ''°'*'^^"-«°  by  Stephanius. 

draft  was  secminclv  biso     o'^    '    "?"'  '57o."    The 

of  early  Scandinanvu;°5oT''  °'  '."''"'""^ 
land,  which  here  is  placed  i?"  T...-''  f'""'  ^«- 
of  the  map.  C)n  the  west  H,."^"''  !■"""=  centre 
called  "]!'iarmala,ui"''Xr,'  'irJ.Pf  ^'""vay  is 
strait  is  shown  as  rn,.,.nZ-  ■  ,  "^'^'  ^  narrow 
theRussiansr;^'rn„,'^°™"K.J^^  known  to 

the  north  is  '' Jotin  I  emnr"  '/'.«'■.  ^"""*'7-  On 
of  giants) ;  onlhe  wes  11^„/':'  '  P^-'^nd  ^  (,„„d 
seems  to  be  Greenland  '^^^  .'1'  '  Heiiolfsness," 
southwest  a  caiestretchet"", ''':."  ^T' '  ^'  ">e 
"marked  '' Promo'ntor  un  '  vtla  £"/•' V\^'"^  '^ 
thinks  may  have  beei  Np^„f  n'  .^^'"'-'^  Kohl 
this  and  Grcenhnd  ifi  /  •  ^"""'"'■*"^-  lictwecn 
(«tony    land)'    "  MarklS"'^  f  ""''V  "  "^"eland." 

''^kraelingeli'nd-X'd'ofdwate''^    ^""^^'    =^"^ 
Kohl  gives  a  sk-pfrK  ^c  .1  •       "'/■, 

347.  A.  D.  1570.    The  North  Atlantic. 

oucC^:;f  Ss:St":i^'^^^?  °^  >'=  -j^n^'s 

Kohl  thinks  it  follows  Sea  Klfni  •""■'°'',''  I^landus." 
north  Atlantic  is  sZ  vn  ,1  "  i^I,'"" '''■'!d'''°"«-  The 
IS  a  narrow  strait  connectinl  Stl''  'Y^^^  ^^''^ 
north  of  the  ScandinavHn  .1  •  ,"'^  ^''^''c  sea, 
tracted  continnatk^n  "f  th?   '^'"'"'"'^•.  «"d   a  coi,: 

t^yeen  "Gallia"  and  a  hJT  '^  '^^  '°"''^'  I^^- 
which  is  seen,  and  called  A ,i-  "°>"'""  P^^"  of 
itla."  "Albania,"  etc  Abnv^T-'"'  "^""^  ^'0^- 
ne!,  running  west  from  h^.",'  '■\'^"°ther  chan- 
west  and  north  of  thU,  enclosed  ocean.     Tiie 

«>arked    (go  ng    no  "h,°"u"  '!  ''"';'"'«'  l^^' ^  land 

I5pl/;"Krokffiorde    iide""Rr:.;^'-f^'''    T  "-^'-^^ 
leland."  "^'"tme,      l<isaland,"and  "IIcl- 

Sceno.35i,^^j./. 
348.  A.  0.1595.    Nassau  Strait  by  Barentz 


THE    KOHL   COLLECTION    OF    EARLY   MAPS. 


6l 


assiL'ns  the  surveys  on  which  this  map  is  constructed 
to  the  second  voyage  of  Ifarentz  in  1 595-  '  he  map 
was  •c-cncravetl  in  the  livsin  endc  Voorlsange  vanik 
6ost-M,schc  Comfas'ik;  1646.  vol.  I.,  p.  6.  1  he 
strait  is  that  south  o£  Nova  Zembla,  separatmg  it 
from  the  main. 


349.  A.  D.  IS9S- 


Northern   Europe   by   lan- 
Bohoten. 


This  is  from  the  engraved  map  in  Part  10  of  the 
same  series  of  Ue  «ry  (1613).  Linschoten  accom- 
panied 15arcntz  in  his  expedition  of  1 594-  It  follows 
{he  coast  from  the  eastern  shore  of  Norway  to  be- 
yond Nova  Zembla. 

350.  A.D.  1597.    Kova  Zembla  by  De  Veer. 

From  the  map  in  the  third  part  of  the  same  series 
of  De  liry  (1601).  Gerhard  de  Veer  was  with 
liarcntz  on  his  three  northern  voyages.  A  facsimile 
of  this  map,  Caerte  van  Ncnui  Zembla  .  .  .  door  Cerrit 
de  Veer,  is  given  in  the  77;r«  P'oyages  of  VVillem 
Barentz,  published  by  the  llakluyt  Society  in  1876, 
as  well  as  in  that  society's  Three  Voyages  by  the  North 
East,  published  in  181:3. 


351.  A.  D.  1606.    North  Atlantic. 

From  Torfacus's  Groitlandia  Aiitiqiia,  1606,  where 
it  is  called'  "Dclineatio  Gronlandia;  Gudbrandi 
Torlacii,  Episcopi  Holcnsis."  It  resembles  some- 
what no.  347,  ante  ;  but  the  land  called  "  America 
in  that  is  here  named  "  Estotilandia."  ''Gron- 
landia" is  better  drawn,  of  which  the  e.ist  shore  is 
marked :  "  Latus  orientale  Grocnl.  inhabitatum.  It 
is  sketched  in  Kohl's  Discovery  of  M  ■■•iie,  p.  109. 

352.  A.D.  161 3.    Northern  Russia  and  Nova 

Zembla  by  De  Bry. 

From  Part  10  of  the  same  series  of  De  Bry,  pul> 
li.shcd  in  1613.  It  purports  to  be  taken  from  a  Rus- 
sian map,  and  the  language  of  that  to  be  translated 

into  Latin.  .  j        1   •     *v„ 

The  map  by  Isaac  Massa  is  reproduced  in  the 
llakluyt  Society  volumes,—  The  three  Voyages  of  IVil- 
hin  Barentz  (1876)  and  Three  Voyages  by  the  North 
£(W/(i8s3). 

353.  A.  D.  1773.    Northwestern  Europe,  Spitz- 
bergen  and  Greenland  by  Phippa. 

It  shows  the  ocean  north  of  50=,  and  west  of  the 
meridian  running  through  Iceland  ;  a  part  of  Green- 
land is  projected  above  71°-  i-'rom  the  map  given 
by  Constantine  John  I'hipps  in  his  Voyage  towards 
the  North  Pole,  London,  1774. 

354.  A.  D.  1818.    North  Atlantic  by  Buchan. 

It  shows  Iceland,  Norway,  Spitzbergen,  and  the 
east  coast  of  Greenland.  It  is  taken  from  the  chart 
in  F.  W.  Beechev's  Voyage  of  Disan'ery  toamrds  tlie 
North  Pole,  performed  in  his  Majest/s  Ships  Doro- 
thea and  Trent,  under  the  coMmaad  oj  Cyv.  D. 
Buchan,  London,  1843. 

♦,*  Cf.  the  enumeration  of  Arctic  maps  in  the  British  Mu- 
seum Catal.  of  Engraved  Maps,  1885,  column  175. 


XIL 


SOUTH   AMERICA. 

*«*  See  section  il.,  antt,  and  xiii.  to  xvt.,/M/. 

—  A.  D.  IS«S- 

Schoner's  early  globe,  of  which  there  are  drawings 
of  the  South  American  parts  in  Kuge's  Zeitalters  der 
Entdeckungen  (p.  461),  and  in  the  Nar.  and  Crit. 
Hist.  America,  vol.  viii.  Cf.  ante,  nos.  34  and  35, 
and  the  Nordenskiold  gnrcs  of  the  early  part  of  tlie 
si.\teeath  century,  figured  in  that  author's  Globkarta 
fran  Borjan  af  sexton  de  selket,  and  in  the  Nar.  and 
Crit.  Hist.  America,  vol.  viii. 

355.  A.  D.  i54o(?).    South  America,    {French.) 

Part  of  a  MS.  mappemonde  in  the  British  Mu- 
seum, supposed  to   have   been   made  by  order  of 
Francis  I.  for  the  Dauphin.    Cf.  Malte  Brun,  Hist, 
de  la  Chgraphie  (Paris,  1831),  vol.  i.,  p.  630.     The 
general  name  of  the  continent  seems  to  be  La  Terre 
du  Brhil,  which  convinces  Kohl  that  the  map-maker 
used   Portuguese  sources,  which    is  also  apparent 
from  the  Portuguese  Havor  of  the  French  n.tmes  on 
the  map,  where  French  is  used.     There  are,  how- 
ever, Spanish  legends  in  some  parts,  as  on  the  east 
coast  of  Patagonia.     There  are  no  n.ames  on  the 
coast  of  Chili,  which  leads  Kohl  to  thmk  that  the 
map   could  not  have  been  made  long  after   1535, 
when  that  coast  became  well  known.    The  Amazon 
is   not   represented   except   in   its  mcuth ;    and  as 
Orellana  did  not  explore  it  till  1543.  intelligence  of 
his   voyage   had  not   reached,  it  would  seem,  the 
draughtsman.    The  La  Plata  connects  with  the  Ama- 
zon's mouth,  making  an  island  of  the  most  easterly 
part  of  the  continent.     There  is  a  sketch  of  it  in 
the  Nar.  .nnd  Crit.  Hist.  America,  vol.  viii. 

—  A.  D.I  544. 

Cabot's  mappemonde.  (See  ante,  section  ii.,  sub 
1544.)  A  sketch  of  the  South  American  part  is 
given  in  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America,  vol.  viu. 

—  A.D.  15.^5-49. 

Medina's  Arte  de  navegar  (i54S)  had  a  map  of 
South  America,  cut  off  .above  the  La  Plata.  This 
same  cut  was  pieced  out  to  include  Magellan's  straits 
in  the  edition  of  1549.  A  facsimile  of  this  last  is 
given  in  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America,  vol.  vui. 


—  A.  D.  1 548. 

The  "  Carta  Marina  "  of  the  Ptolemy  of  this  year. 
See  ante,  under  no.  58.  A  facsimile  of  this  map  is 
given  in  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America,  vol.  viii. 

356.  A.  D.  iS5o(.'').    South  America. 

From  a  Spanish  portolano  preserved  in  the  Bod- 
leian Library,  at  Oxford.  Indications  of  towns 
founded  after  1550  would  probably  put  the  date  of 
the  map  about  1 560,  as  Kohl  indeed  says  in  his  an- 
notations, but  he  gives  the  date  "about  1350"  in 
the  title  of  it.  The  interior  of  the  continent  is 
rather  fancifully  laid  out,  and  the  coasts  are  not  so 
well  made  out  as  on  contemporary  Portuguese  charts. 
What  seem  to  be  the  Falkland  islands  are  called 
"y53  de  S.  anton." 

357.  A.D.  I550(?). 

A  less  perfect  draught  of  the  same. 


62 


THE   KOHL  COLLKCTION   OF  EARLY  MAPS. 


-  A.  a  155,, 

'I'hc  Jlcllero  map.    Sec  ante,  no.  64.    There  is  a 
fa«,m,lc  of  u  ,n  the  y\„r.  unj  Cnt.J/ist.  AmnJ, 

—  A.D.  1556. 

M.ip  in  Kamusioi  repeated  in  the  cduion  of  ie6« 

«wr»v  //'^f"*  ''"'"■■"■■  '^a..f''"i"'il«;  in  the  Lr. 
ami  trtt.  Jltst.  Arncrua,  vol.  ii.,  p.  328. 

358.  A.D.  i5S-(?).    South  America.    [French.) 

From  a  MS.  map  once  in  the  possession  of  M. 
Joniard.  Kohl  tiunivs  it  a  Krciicli  map  niado  after  a 
1  ortu^ucse  original,  and  that  it  rcsunl.lcs  the  Nico- 
liis  Vallard  map  ot  1547.  The  general  n.in.c  of  the 
contmcnt  is  Amerique.  There  I.eii.g  n..  trace  of 
Villegagnon  s  settlement  in  Hrazil  in  1556,  Kohl  nuts 
Its  date  earlier  than  that  year.  ' 

—  A.  D.  1 561. 

The  maps  in  the  Ruscelli  edition  of  I'tolemv. 
aee  ante,  nnder  no.  69. 

359.  A.  D.  1562.    South  America  by  Gutierrez. 

After  an  engraved  map,  thought  by  Kohl  to  be 
the  earliest  on  so  large  a  scale,  and  called.  "Ame- 
rica sive  ouartx  orbis  partis  c.vactissima  descriptio. 
Auctore  Diego  Gutierro,  Phillppi  regis  Ilisp.  (Jo.s- 
m..Rr.-iphi.     1  .Cochexcud.  1562."    It  shows  neither 
l.ituiule  nor  longitude,     'j-he  serpentine  course  of 
the  Amazon  is  like  the  delineations  of  Homcm  and 
the  river  bears   the   names   reported   bv  Orellana. 
?""'"  .°'  ''«=  Amazon,  and  between  it  and  the  La 
•     y;  '^ '^9  '^'"  ''^'  -'^larafu-n,  which  is  made  to  rise 
in  lake  Titicac.i,  and  empty  into  the  Atlantic.     The 
Al.-igdalena  River  was  known  after  1538,  but  it  fails 
of  recognition  on  this  map,  which  is  sketched  in  the 
JVar.  and  Cut.  Jlist.  America,  vol.  viii. 

—  A.  D.  1569. 

The  great  Mercator  map.    Sec  ante,  under  no.  71. 

—  A.  D.  1570. 
The  Ortelius  atlas.    See  ante,  no.  72. 

—  A.  D.  1572. 
The  Porcacchi  map.     See  ante,  under  no.  72. 

360.  A.  D.  i57-(?).    South  America  by  Forlani. 

The  printed  map  of  Paulo  di  I-'orlani  in  the  British 
Museum   without  date.     It  is  called  /.„  Dcsa;ttioue 
i/i  tutto  ,1  Peru.     1  he  n,-inie  of  Peru  docs  not  other- 
wise occur  on  it.     'Phe  eastern  c.xtrcmitv  is  called 
1  erra  del  I?rns,l."   The  n.irthwest  corner'is  marked, 
Castiglia  del  ( )ro."    The  Orinoco  country  is  called 
^a  nova  Andalucia."    The  longitude  is'reckoned 
apiJarently  from   Pico   in  the  Azores.     There  is  a 
copy  of  the  original   in   Harvard  College  Library 
after  which  a  facsimile  was  made  in  the  Nar.  ami 
Cnt.  J/ist.  Anwrka,  v<j1.  viii. 

361.  A.D.  1574.    South  America  by  Forlani. 

The  map  has  an  Italian  inscription,  which  is  to 
this  effect :      T  met  s.-me  months  since  in  Venice  a 
certain  Don  Dicgo  Ilcrmano,  a  gentleman  of  noble 
t.ynily,  and  had  with  him  some  talks  on  geography 
lie  presented  to  me  a  sketch,  showing  vovages  of 


Vef  n"'  "."''  """  ''r'^'"8  '  ''•''v«=  engraved. 
thiX  ;h  '•♦•  '57»-,  ''•'"'"  'I';'  Furlani.-'  Kohl 
tliinloi  this  map  precedes  no.  36a 

—  A.  D.  1574. 

under' na'jt'''^''''  °^  ^'''"''P""  G^'"^^"*-    ««  »»'', 

—  A.D.  1578. 

The  Martines  map.    See  a«/^,  no.  77. 

362.  A.  D.  15851?).    South  America  by  Doete- 
chum. 

A  MS.  map  in  the  Uritish  Museum,  sicned  "  To. 
amies  a  Doetechnm  fecit."  'Phc  "3"  1  the 
ma|.  are  n  Latin  ,  but  the  names  on  ul^f  l£z  "  .^ 
are  in  I  ortuguese,  and  on  the  other  coasts  in  Soanisli 
Cordova.  fouiKled  in  ,573.  is  pu,  down  .and  ths 
Tletme  "p""'l^  "1"'"  ^'"  "'^-  ''^"'^  "f  the  ma,^ 
link  that  tic  town  Kuenos  Ayres  (fcSo)  h.ul  not 

,  .h     M      ^  *>''■"""''  ^'"'  t''c  (late  isSs(.'),  adopted 
1  the  Museum  catalogue.     The   ParaKuay    c-    ed 

ncaion  also  through  various  channels  with  the  At- 
lantic, above  ami  below  Cape  St.  Augu  -e  'Ac 
map  IS  cut  off  just  north  of  I'atagonia  a  \  held 
by  Kohl  to  have  been  used  by  11,,^  |  ,s  n  his  man 
.nade  shortly  .•  .r  .600.  Thl  "  Rio  C;?ai  d  "  (nT  L'- 
dalen.i)  ,s  developed  more  than  on  any  e:;rlier  man 
l^iJ^e  1    a  sLt  l^'''!""™  -  -  .ncre-co^st"  r";;;  : 

—  A.  D.I  587. 

363,  364.  A.  D.  1592.    South  America  by  De 
Bry. 


An  imperfect  sketch,  and  a  tracing. 


South  America  by  Judeeis. 


365.  A.  D.  1593. 

JxlTrT  f^'^T.':'^  "'"''  ''y  Cornelius  Juda;is, 
sire  m,  t!  o  "l  'I  ^T'-'  '"'.'"  ^"""'="  '«  ='  «"'^"1 
glma  del  DoTaJa"'  '"'  "  ""'''-' '°  "^'^ '"  ''^  "  ^- 


—  A.D.  1593. 

M.ip  of  Maffcius.    Sec  ««/^,  under  no.  83. 

—  A.  D.I  597. 

,J}^^  "'•■''"  ,'"  ^Vytfliet'.s  continuation  of  Ptolemy 
imv  "f  ;•.""'''■•'•  ""•  «5).  and  in  the  editions  o  H 
cmy  at  Cologne  and  Arnheim  (see  ante,  under  no 


—  A.  D.  1598. 

no^^'.'"'''  '"  *^""''"'^  Cosmog^-aphia.    See  ante, 

366.  A.n,  T599.  South  America  by  Linschoten. 
From  an  engraved  map  in  Linschotcn's  A'avicatio 
til  hiiiiam  Onnitalctn.     The  La  PHfV  ri  ■       ■     !u 
"Laguna  del  Dorado."  ^'"'^  "'"  '"  '*'«' 


THE   KOHL  COLLECTION   OF   EARLY  MAPS. 


03 


illxus.    Sec  ante. 


Linschoten. 


—  A.  D.  1599-  .  „        .      . 

Hulsius's  "  Nova  ct  exacta  cklincatio  America; 
mrtis  au^tralis"  in  the  \e,a  hi^torut  of  Schtnulcl, 
nmslerdam,  1 5'W.  P""-'  "'  w'''^''  ''*  S'vc"  n.  facMUule 
in  tiie  Nar.  end  Cril.  Hist.  Amenca,  vol.  via. 

367.  A.  1).  i6oo(?).    South  America. 

It  .shows  the  continent  between  the  northern 
lin.its  of  lir.i/.il  anil  the  upper  parts  of  I'atagoma. 
After  a  MS.  map  in  the  Depftt  dc  hi  Marme  at  1  ans, 
I'ara  near  the  moutli  of  tiie  Amazon,  founded  soon 
after'  i6.'o,  is  not  indicated,  and  the  conrse  of  the 
Amazon  is  not  improved  upon  the  type  fashi<)ned 
after  the  reports  of  Orcllana  m  fS42.-  ^^^fj^r 
Titieaca  is  a  legend  about  tlic  explorations  of  Nulio 
de  Chaves,  in  i557-'56o-  "'"he  •;»'"»;=»  -i"''.  '•«i;'-'l'- 
tions  are  nearly  all  Spanish,  with  an  admixtine  of 
Fortui-uese  in  Itrazil.  The  desij^n.itions  of  the 
oceans  and  a  few  other  names  are  French.  1  hesc 
features  iiulicatc  a  French  draughtsman,  working  on 
Spanish  and  Portuguese  models. 

—  A.  D.  1601. 
Map  in  Ilerrera.    See  ante,  no.  88. 


—   A.  I>.  1603. 

The  map  in  liotero's  Kelaciones. 
no.  84. 


See  ante,  under 


—  A.  D.  1606. 

Map  in  the  Regimiento  de  Navegadon  of  Ccspcdes. 
See  anti:,  no.  89. 

368.  A.  u.  i6io(?).    America  MeridionaUa. 

From  the  Hoiidins- Mercator  Atlas,  Amsterdam, 
i6to.  The  map  is  without  date.  The  great  An- 
tarctic Continent,  "  Terra  del  Fogo,"  would  indicate 
that  it  was  made  before  l.emaire's  voyage  in  1615. 
No  draughtsman's  name  is  attachcil  to  the  map,  but 
Kohl  conjectures  that  it  was  made  by  llonduis. 
Kohl  calls  it  the  most  correct  map  at  its  date.  _  Lake 
Titicaca  connects  with  the  Amazon.  The  "  Fupana 
Lacus"  connects  south  with  the  La  I'lata,  north 
with  the  Amazon,  and  east  w''W  the  Atlantic.  The 
continent  is  made  60'^  broad 

See  the  llondius  map  in  lu,  Mercator  Atlas  of 
1613,  and  in  Purchas,  iii.  p.  882. 

—  A.  D.  1613. 

The  map  in  the  Ddectionis  Freti,  etc. 
The  map  of  Joannes  Uliva  in  the  Lritish  Museum. 
See  ante,  no.  90. 

—  A.  D.  1625-30. 

See  De  Laet,  ante,  no.  92. 

—  A.  D.  1635. 

See  the  Mercator  Atlas,  ante,  under  no.  100. 

—  A.  D.  1651. 

Jannson's  Atlas  Minor,  ii.  401. 

369.  A.  D.  1660.    South  America  by  AUard. 

In  the  Orinoco  lie  follows  Visrchcr  ;  in  the  Aina- 
zon,  Acuiia.  The  river  Xanca  in  Peru  is  made  the 
source  of  the  Amazon.  lie  records  Brouwer's  pas- 
sage between  btaten  island  and  Tierra  del  Fuego,  m 
1643. 


—  A.  I).  1G63. 

Heylin's  Cosmosniphia. 

370.  A.  D.  1680-S1.    South  America  by  Sharp. 

The  map  i»  called  "  A  description  of  the  South 
sea  and  Coasts  of  America,  Containing  the  whole 
navigation  to  all  those  places  at  which  Capt.  Sharp 
and  his  Companions  were  in  the  years  1680  and 
lOSi."  Sharp's  track  of  circumnavigation  is  pricked 
on  the  map.  The  southern  point  reached  by  him 
was  58°  25',  where  he  saw  no  land,  lie  went  much 
to  the  southeast  of  State.i  island,  called  by  him 
Albemarle  island.  The  map  is  copied  from  Kin- 
grose's  JJuccaniers  o/Amtrica,  2d  cd.    London,  1084. 


XIIL 

NORTHERN  PARTS  OF  SOUTH  AMER- 
ICA. 

%•  See  sections  ii.  and  xii.,  ante. 

371.  A,  I).  1535-    North  Coast  of  South  Amer- 

ica by  Lorenz  Friess. 

One  of  the  twelve  sheets  of  a  wood-cut  map,  made 
in  I  <;2S.  but  not  published  till  1530,  and  based  it  is 
thought,  on  maps  of  Waldseemiiller,  as  he  had  also 
used  that  geographer's  maps  in  the  1522  edition  of 
I'tolemy.  The  main  inscription  on  the  continent  is 
"  Das  niiv  erfundc  land."  Kohl  thinks  the  informa- 
tion used  was  not  very  recent  in  1525.  It  is  sketched 
in  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America,  11.  p.  218. 

372.  A.  D.  1528.     Terra   de  Santa  Croce  by 

Bordoue. 

From  the  first  edition  of  llordonc's  Isolario,\l2^. 
It  is  called,  "Terra  dc  santa  croce,  over  Mondo 
nuovo 


nuovo.  He  considers  South  America  an  is'ancU 
having  no  connection  with  Asia  or  with  North 
Americ.1.  "C.  S.  X."  is  the  designation  put  or 
the  present  Cape  St.  Augustine,  and  l.razil  is  callea 
"I'aria."  He  h.-id  only  heard  reports  of  lialboa  s 
and  Magellan's  discoveries,  and  he  omits  the  south- 
ern parts  of  the  continent.  The  map  is  supposed 
to  have  been  made  in  1 52 1 .  There  is  a  sketch  of  it 
in  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America,  vol.  viii. 

373.  A.  D.  1542.     Northeast  Coast  of  South 

America  by  Rotz. 

From  his  Bole  of  Idrography  in  the  British  Mu- 
seum. Kohl  thinks  from  the  names  that  Kotz  de- 
rived more  help  from  Portuguese  than  from  Spanish 
sources.  The  two  chief  names  along  the  coast  are 
"  Costc  of  Brazil  "  and  "  Coste  of  Caniballis.  It 
extends  from  Trinidad  to  below  Cape  St.  AugusUne. 

374.  A.  D.  iS95(?).    Amazon  and  Orinoco. 

It  shows  the  coast  from  the  mouth  of  the  Amazon 
to  Panama,  and  the  watersheds  of  the  Amazon  and 
Oinoco.  The  original  MS.  map  was  acquired  by 
the  British  Museum  in  184S,  and  kohl  is  inclined  to 
believe  it  the  identical  map  made  when  Ralegh  was 
on  the  Orinoco,  or  a  contcmpor.iry  copy  of  his  map. 
The  original  is  on  vellum,  and  Kohl  thmks  that  the 
nvn^nrr  of  execution  points  to  a  d.ite  earlier  than 
1600.  The  extent  of  the  map  correspond:,  to  the 
map  which  Ralegh  tells  us  he  made  of  the  country, 
and  the  geographical  features  correspond  with  his 
narrative,  including  the  "  Lake  o£  Manoa. 


64 


THE   KOHL  COLLECTION   OF  EARLY   MAPS. 


373.  A.  n.  1596.    Orinoco. 

A  Hinall  sktul.  .,f  ihc  coast  from  Vcncitucia  to  the 
mouth  of  the  Aiiijuon. 

376.  A.  n.  1O19.    Ouiana  from  De  Bry. 

Kohl's  annotations  arc  erased. 

377.  A.  I).  i62-(.').    Orluooo  by  N.  Vlwcher. 

Sketch  of  tlie  Urinoo.  valley,  with  adjacent  coasts, 
antl  part  of  Lacua  I'aritue. 

—  A.  D.  1651. 

Northwest  p.irts  of  South  America,  in  Jannson's 
Altiis  Mtiior,  11.  407. 

378.  A.  D.  1C56.    Ouiana  by  Sanson. 

From  the  "Carte  dc  la  Guyanc  ct  Caribane,  auir- 
mentee  ct  corrij^ce  suivant  Its  dernicres  Relations 
pur  Sanson  d'.Vbbcvillc,  1056."  Kohl  thinks  .Sanson 
used  drafts  hroiiylu  away  Hy  the  French  when  thcv 
ett  Cayenne  in  1653.  It  shows  in  the  interior  a 
large  "  Lac  ou  Mcr,  que  les  Caraibes  appelent 
i'arnnc.  Ihis  draft  remained  the  best  one  of  the 
interior  of  Guiana  till  D'Anville's  map  in  1729. 

379.  A.  D.  1669.    Ouiana  by  Thelot. 

Made  at  Frankfort  on  the  Main  by  T.  P.  Thelot 
attached  to  an  account  of  Guiana,  published  in  1669! 
1  he  inai)  '«  called,  "(uiiana  sive  Ama/onum  rcL'i')  " 
Ihc  usual  cMcnsive  "  I'arime  Lacus,"  with  its  city 
ot     Manoa,    appears. 

380.  A.  D.  1694.    Surinam  by  Van  Keulen. 

From  the  Zee-Atlas  of  Van  Keulen. 


A.  D.  1729.    French  Ouiana  by  D'Anville. 


381. 

From  an  engraved  ma])  based  on  reports  of  M. 
Milhan.  It  shows  the  country  for  about  seven 
leagues  around  Cayenne. 

382.  A.  D.  1729.    French  Guiana  by  D'Anville. 

From  16,35,  when  the  French  first  had  possession 
down  to  1676,  when  their  possession  was  assured 
and  during  later  jieriods  down  to  1729,  there  were 
French  surveys  of  the  country,  of  which  D'Anville 
had  the  use.  Up  to  this  date  little  was  known  of 
the  inienor  beyond  what  the  Fathers  Grillet  and 
liechamel  learned  in  explorations  in  1674. 

383.  A.  D.  1730.    Venezuela  by  D'Anville. 

Depending  on  Spanish  reports.  The  coast  is  still 
inaccurate. 

384.  A.  D.  1741.    Orinoco  Valley  by  Oumilla. 

The  map  is  called,  "  Mapa  della  Provincia  y  Mis- 
siones  de  la  Compania  de  I.  II.  S.  de  Nuevo  Revno 
dc  Granada.  I' rom  an  engraved  inaj)  accoin])anv- 
ing  Gumilla's  work  on  the  Orinoco  Country.  Kohl 
thinks  It  hardly  an  improvement  on  the  Ralcdi  nrii) 
{ante,  no.  374).     It  shows  the  "  Laguna  de  Parima." 

385.  A.  D.  i75i(?).    North  Part  of  South  Amer- 
ica by  Brentano  and  La  Torre. 

_  This  m.ip,  witiuHit  d.ite,  -vas  made,  in  Kohl's  opin- 
ion, not  long  after  1744,  and  is  entitled,  "Provincia 
Quitensis  .Societatis  Jesu  in  America  cum  tribus 
cadem  finitimis,  a  PP.  Carolo  Brentano  et  Nicholas 


< le  I.-1  lorre.  Roma-."  A  legend  at  the  point  wl.ne 
llie  Orinoco  and  Rio  Negro  (branch  of  Amazon) 
become  conllueiit  says  that  this  connection  wa.s  dia- 
covered  in  1744,  by  Father  Knianuel  Roman,  Su- 
perior of  the  Orinoco  missions.  The  Portuguese 
had  found  it  out,  however,  the  year  before.  The 
course  of  the  Orinoco  seems  to  be  copied  from 
Gumilla.  "^ 

386.  A.  D.  177  c.    Sourcea  of  the  Orlaooo  by 

J.  de  la  CruK  Cano. 

A  small  imperfect  sketch. 

387.  A.  u.  1830.    Masaaroony  River  by  Elll- 

house. 


A  branch  of  the  Kssecpicbo  river.  An  engraved 
S,  iv.  08  ■^i""'""'  '^  '''"'  ^"^"^  G'osraphical  Ho- 

388.  A.  D.  1S32.    Britiah  Ouiana  by  Alexander. 

From  an  engraved  map  in  the  JottrmU  of  tin- K'oval 
Geo,^raph,cul  Society,  ii.  (.832).  The  best  map,  be- 
fore Schomburgk  reformed  the  geography  of  the 
country.  o    t>    1    / 

389.  A.  D.  1834.    Part  of  British  Ouiana. 

An  engraved  map  by  Ilillhouse  in  the  Journal  of 
titc  hoynl  Oci>^'ni//iii:al  Society,  iv.  (1S34). 

390.  391,  392.    a.  n.  1836.    British  Ouiana  by 
Schomburgk. 

Nos.  390  and  391  are  eng-aved  maps  in  the  Jour- 
nal 0/  t/ie  hoyal  Geographical  Society,  vi.  (l8-,6),  and 
as  improved  in  vii.  (1837).  These  maps  sliow  the 
country  from  i»  to  9°  N.  lat.,  and  from  56'  to  Co° 
W.  longitude.  No.  392  gives  with  minuter  detail 
and  according  to  later  explorations,  the  part  between 
r,j  5  N.  lat.,  and  follows  an  engraved  map  in 
Jljid.,  XV.  (1845).  "^ 

XIV. 

SOUTHERN   PARTS  OF  SOUTH  AMER- 
ICA. 

•»*  Cf.  sections  ii.  and  xii. 

393.  A.  D.  1521.    Straits  of  MageUan  by  Piga- 
fetta. 

From  the  engraved  i.iap  in  Amoretti's  edition  of 
Pigafetta  s  narrative  of  Magellan's  voyage,  jjublished 
at  Milan,  1800.     There  is  a  facsimile  of'  this  map  in 

I    /^•''•.  ;'/"/  ^''''-  ^'''*-  ^"t'^rica,  vol.  ii.,  and  a 
sketch  m'Idiil.,  vol.  viii.  .  -  u  a 

—  A.  D.  1529. 

Ribero's  mappemonde.  See  ante,  no.  41.  A 
sketch  of  Magellan's  straits  from  it  is  given  in  the 
Mir.  ami  Crit.  Hist.  America,  vol,  viii. 

—  A.D.  1531. 

Finoeus's  mappemonde.  The  southern  hemisphere 
IS  reproduced  in  Wieser's  Atai^allides-Strasse,  n.  66 
and  in  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America,  vol.  viii. 

—  '^-  n-  1533- 

The  southern  hemisphere  of  Schoner  is  figured  in 
Wiesers  Mai^alhdes-Strasse,  and  in  the  Nar.  and 
Crit.  Hist.  America,  vol.  viii. 


THE   KOHL  COLLFXTION   OF  EARLY  MAPS. 


65 


Uvor  by  Hill- 


by  Alexander. 


th  Guiana  by 


FTH  AMER. 


394     A  u   iSlf^'      Patagonia    and    Magellan's 
StraiU  by  J.  Fiblre. 

From  a  i.ortolano  which  was  i  1  Santarcni's  pos- 
«esJ..n  whJn  used  by  Kohl.  \V  ''"  ^^^,^^^1 
of  l'uta«..ni.i  and  the  straitH  hav  •  .  ''cn'-l/'  "^^ 
rtccal.lc  to  Magcltan'.s  voy.-.KC,  Ko  .  ^  »ot  ht.  I 
any  original  source  for  the  nanic»  o.  .  :.c  wc.i  coa.  . 
which  runs  north  on  the  map  to  27°  ,■'•  '•"•  '^"' 
Ts  n'istakcn  in  sunposing  Magellan  d.j.l  ""tj""..;'.' 
the  west  coast  before  tiirnini'  westward.     I yh  tta  s 

ap  shows  that  he  did.  >ohl  V^-'^^^^^^^Z 
statement  that  Can.ar,^..,  -n  .540.  ;;'f ,  .J'^;,-'"^  „','^ 
brinK  to  Europe  certani  news  of    he  1  aohc  co.isi 

"ween  the  straits  and  ...  and  thinks  that  !•  re  re 
^ay  have  had  Caniargo  .  Lharts.  There  is  a  ske  ch 
of  this  map  in  the  M.<.  and  Crit.  JM.  Ameruu, 
vol.  viii. 

—  A,  D.I  547- 
A  sketch  from  the  Nicolas  Vallard  miip  is  m  the 

Nar.  and  Crit.  JM.  AmcrUa,  vol.  via.    htc  a>iU;      ^^    ^  ^  ^^^^ 
no.  154- 

—  A.  0.1578. 
Hondius's  map  illustrating  Drake's  voyage  is  re- 

produced  in  Kohl's  M<ij,vi/aii's-Stnissg. 

395.  A.  D.  1579-80.    Sarnjiento'B  DiscoverleB. 

From  a  MS.  Spanish  map  in  tlie  liritish  .Museum, 
showinc  the  surveys  of  Pedro  Sarmiento  among  the 
coast  islands  on  the  west  coast  of  I'atagoma.  It 
docs  not  show  his  researches  further  south  wit  un 
Magellan's  straits,  which  leads  Kohl  to  suspect  that 
the  map  only  indicates  the  explorations  made  before 
his  vice-admiral,  Villalobos,  returned  to  I'eru. 

396    A.  D.  1587.     Magellan's  Straits  and  the 
Antarctic  Continent. 

From  a  French  MS.  in  the  liritish  Museum.  It 
represents  Tierra  del  Fuego  as  expanded  mto  a  cor 
tiiient,  the  northerly  point  of  which  is  made  an 
island  by  a  transverse  channel,  somewhat  hesitat- 
ingly indicated  by  some  pictures  of  trees,  which  con- 
ceal the  reaches  of  it. 

—  A.  D.  1 590. 

The  map  in  Johannes  Myritius's  Oj>usculum  geo- 
graphicum.    See  ante,  no.  79. 

397  A.  D.  1599.    Magellan's  Straits  by  T.  de 

Weert. 

F  ./.  De  Dry's  Greater  fViv7,?vT,  Part  IX.  (1602), 
shovin-,  the  results  of  De  \Veert's  survcvs  of  the 
sir  ,  Kohl  thinks  that  Hondius  in  his  Athu 
(1607)  worked  from  the  same  ma.. rial  with  more 
detail,  as  shown  in  his  better  delincatio.i  of  the  great 
bend  in  the  strait,  which  is  here  hardly  noted. 

398  A.  D.  1600.    Magellan's  Straits  by  Hon- 

dius and  Mercator. 

This  accompanies  the  treatise  on  the  straits  in  the 
Ilondius  edition  of  Mercator,  1607,  — which  treatise, 
as  it  does  not  record  the  recent  Dutch  explorations, 
Kohl  judges  to  have  been  written  by  Mercator  him- 
self before  1594.  and  to  have  been  used  by  Honduis 
to  accompany  a  map,  embodying  tht:  Diilc.i  sur^xys 
of  Mahn,  Coraes,  and  De  Weert  in  i5<}8-99.  Just 
after  this,  in  1600,  Kohl  would  place  this  map. 
Cf.  the  Ilondius  map  in  Purchas,  111.  p.  9<^. 


399     A.  I),  ifioo.     Southern   Part    of    Boutb 
America  by  Olivier  van  Noort. 

A  combination  of  tv.c  m.ip»  which  appeared  in 
the  /?A'"'  '■'"/«'  Voorti^an):;  van  ,te  vereemgiU  .Ueder- 
landtuht  Oost-lndische  Comfagnu,  1640.  \  m\  N ourt 
tracked  these  coasts  ii    .51,.!  iCoo. 

400.  A.  I).  1603.    Patagonia  by  Van  Noort. 

The  southern  part  of  no.  309.  which  Kohl  dates  in 
this  case  1602.    lie  makes  no  comments  on  it. 

401.  A.  u.  1602.    Patagonia  by  Levinua  Hul- 
sius. 

It  cives  an  excessive  breadth  to  the  Patagonian  re- 
cion.  as  was  usual  in  maps  of  this  time.  In  the  in- 
terior a  Patagonian  giant  is  represented  ruiming  an 
arrow  a  yard  and  a  itilf  long  down  his  throat  to  the 
bottom  of  his  stomach. 

Magellan's  Straits  by  Gpil- 
bergen. 


A  rnap  in  Dc  Brv,  Part  XI.  (1619),  purport mg  to 
show  the  explorations  of  George  Spilbergen ;  but 
there  is  nothing  in  the  accompanying  tevt  to  explain 
its  history. 

403.    A.  D.  1619.     Tierra  del  Fuego  by 
Sobouten. 

Showinc     lagellan's  straits;  Tierra  del   Fuego. 
which  is  made  a%ingle  large  island,  with  .  portion 
of  its  west  coast  unknown,  and  Lcmaire  >  channel 
separating  it  from  "  State  landt,"  the  western  end  of 
which  is  shown  i  as  is  also  Schouten's  track  in  round- 
ing Cape  Horn.     It  follows  the  engraved  imp  in 
the  Diarium  vd  descriptio  .  .  .  ilineris  factt  a  Guilli- 
ehno  Coruelio  Schoteuw  J/ornano.    Amsterdami,  1619. 
The  map  is  called,  "Caartc  van  de  nieuwe  1  assage 
.  .  .  ontdcckt  ...  in   den  jarc  1616  door  NVilleni 
Schouten  van  Iloorn."     Schouten's  own  char  s  are 
kis    says  Y    :.l ;  but  as  ^Villem  Jannson  v.. ate  the 
preface  to  the  book,  he   probably  made   tU.s  map 
rom  Schouten's  drafts.     Schouten  sailed  under  the 
patronage  of  some  Dutch  meichants,  chief  among 
whom  was  Isaac  Lemaire,  with  t>'-  P^H^F.-^^  ^l^- 
covering  some   other   pas.5ag.   to  the    Pacihc  than 
Magellan's   straits;    and   he   ^as   accompanied  by 
Jacob,  son  of  Isaac  Lemaire,  and  a  ter  the  latter 
they  n.-imcd  the  newly  found  passage  between  State 
laiult  and  the  main  co.asi.  , 

Cf  the  map  on  the  title  of  the  London  edition  of 
Schouten  ( 1619),  of  which  a  facsimile  is  given  in  the 
,,'ur.  and  Crit.  llht.  America,  vol.  viii.  Kohl  in  h-s 
/l/,;C''A»«'j-.SVra.w  gives  the  map  from  the  Amster- 
dam \\ii\'))  edition. 

404.  A.D.  1621.    Patagonia  by  Nodal. 

Follows  an  engraved  mnp  in  Montenegro's  Re- 
lacior.  del  Viajc  de  los  Nodules,  Madrid,  1621. 

405.  A.  D.  1621.    The  Same. 
A  less  perfect  copy.    This  map  is  reproduced  m 

Kohl's  Magellan'' s-Sirasse. 

406.  A.  D.  1624.    Cape  Horn  by  Walbeck. 

An  engraved  map  in  the  Begin  eude  Voorfgangvan 
de  Verecnigde  Oost-lndische  Compagme,  1640  (vol.  u.). 


66 


THE   KOHL  COLLECTION   OF   EARLY  MAPS. 


'  11, 


407.  A.  D.  1630.  La  Terra  del  Fuogo  by  Dudley. 

One  of  the  M.S.  maps  of  Robert  Dudley,  preserved 
a  Munich,  on  which  his  Arruno  del  Man',  publi.shcd 
a  F  orence  ,„  ,046  was  bus,.!.  Kohl  assigns  al  o 
Dudley  s  maps  to  1630.  Ticrra  del  Kuego  is  made 
a  completed  island  on  the  Schoutcn  idea  "  Staien 
Jand     IS  a  penmsula  of  a  gr.at  Aiitaictic  continent. 

—  A.  D.  1644. 

The  map  in  the  Amsterdam  ed.  of  Linschoten. 

—  A.  D.  1646. 

1665^  ""^^  °^  ^''^""'  '"  ^^"'^'^  ^''"'^''^  (London, 

—  A.  D.  165I. 

^^Straits  of  Magellan  in  Jannson's  Atlas  Minor,  ii. 

408.  A.  D.  1666.    Magellauica  by  Jannson. 

From    Jannson's    A/',u,    1666.      For    Macellan's 
straits    he  followed  mainly  Nodal's  reportf  The 

^tlyLvl\'  Vr^'^'y  '"'"'^S"  '-^  like  Schonten's' 
.Staten  Lvlant"  has  the  insular  form  for  tjie  first 
time,  says  Kohl,  in  a  p  -^ited  map. 

409.  A.  D.  1670.    Magellan's  Straits  by  Nar- 

borough. 

5n  ^rlA-^°!'"  ^''"■^o''°"S'i  "as  sent  out  by  Charles  II. 
in  1O69  to  renew  explorations,  which  had  been  ne- 
glected for  many  years.  Narborough's  map,  three 
feet  ong.  as  drawn  by  himself  on  parchmen  ,  is  ,1 
the  British  Museum.  From  this  a  reduction  was 
engraved  and  published  in  London,  and  f    rn    his 

coST1','^'""'";^"  "f  ^''^fe-'l-''«  straits  cE" 
erne  td  ./r]  by  Capt.  John  Narborough,  commander 
ot  11.  M.  Ship  Sweepstakes  made  and  sold  by  1> 
Thornton  "-Kohl  makes  the  present  draft,  which 
he  thinks  was  largely  based  on  early  Dutch  smveys! 

410.  A.  D.  1670.     Patagonia  and   Tierra  del 

Fuego  by  Narborough. 

This  map  seems  also  mainly  derived  from  Dutch 

i24     "'{'    ^/""^■T'i'  ■"  ""  ■^"''^''  '""^  ^^"^'^  by 
i>tr  John  Aarboroiigh,  Lo'xlon,  169a. 

411.  A.  n.  i7oc(.>).      Coast  South  of   Buenos 

Ayres. 

The  date  1700  is  given  by  Kohl  in  the  title,  but  it 
seems  to  be  an  error,  as  in  his  notes  he  savs  the  map, 
which  IS  a  MS  one  preserved  in  the  IJritish  Museuiii 
grew  out  of  the  explorations  of  fiian  de  la  I'iedra 
and  of  Antonio  and  trancisco  Vi'  Ima  in  i-^S  and 
1779.  under  instructions  from  Si  n  to  forn'i  settle- 
ments on  the  east  coast  of  1',^  agonia.  1  he  mai) 
also  shows  the  inland  explorations  of  IJrazilio  Vil- 
larino  in  1782,  who  was  sent  out  bv  Viedma.  Routes 
ot  other  explorers  are  also  indicated. 

412.  A.  D.  1714.    Magellan's  Straits  and  Tierra 
del  Puego  by  Prezier. 

T  ''^'\l^,"r"^  "'  ^'^'^  '^•''I'*  explained  by  Frczier  to 
I.OUIS  XIV.,  when  he  r-jturned.  in  171,1,  from  t'le 
voyage  of  exploration  on  which  that  monarch  had 
sent  him  in  1712.  Cape  Horn  is  laid  down  in  ss°4';'. 
The  west  coast  of  Tierra  del  Fuego  trends  "nearly 
east  and  west.    The  eastern  parts  of  the  Falkland 


ItTn'^f/'"''  •'''°'''"'  '^'"'  '"^"^s  "f  v<=s«els  from  St. 
W  iJeTdL^c^lred^'^' '''  ^^"°'"  "^^^  -  ^-^  '^ 

413.  A.  D.I  71 7.    The  Same. 

h  Jnl!  '^  an  "iconipletc  sketch  dated  differently,  and 
Has  no  annotations.  ■' 

414.  A.  D.  1748.    The  Country  South  of  the 
Rio  Plata  by  Cardiel. 

An  oblong,  incomplete  sketcn,  without  comment. 

—  A.  D.  1766. 

.  Bougainville's  map  of  the  straits,  of  which  a  fac- 
voT.  viii^  ^""'"  "'  "'"  ^'''''-  '""^  ^''^-  "''^-  ^>"'rica, 

415.  A.  D.  1775.     Southern    Part    of   Soi  Ji 
America. 

From  an  English  map,  based  on  the  Atlas  of  Juan 
n,-L  Tl  "r"  y.  V''"''*'''"^^'  I"'W>"''1'<^<J  at  Madrid 
vJr.^\v]v  ^A'^''"''  '"■■'''  '"  *'^'"«'  "  ""P'ovcd  from 
l.yion,  Walhs,  Carteret  and  Bougainville,  i-   v" 

416.  A.  D.  17S2.    Rio  Negro. 

This  shows  a  section  from  ocean  to  ocean  of  north- 
ern Patagonia  and  Chili,  and  was  based  by  Arrow- 
smith  on  data  got  from  the  explorations  of  Basil  o 
\  I  lar.no  ,n  17.S2,  and  was  published  in  the  Journal 
of  the  Royal  Geographical  Society,  vol.  vi.  (1S36). 

417.  A.  D.  17S3.    East  Coast  of  Patagonia  by 
Viedma. 

It  followo  a  rough  sketch  preserved  in  the  British 
ftluseuni. 

418.  A.D.  1824.    Cape  Horn  and  Vicinity  bv 
Cipt.  Weddell.  ^     ' 

A  small  sketch  without  notes. 

419.  A.  D.  1830.    Patagonia  after  Capt.  King, 

A  sketch  without  comment. 

420.  A.  n.  1833.    The  Southern  Pole. 

A  m.ap  showing  the  southern  hemisphere  between 
he  pole  and  30°  S.  lat.,  with  tracks  of  iccciu  c  " 
poer.s  laid  down    published  in  the  Journal  of  tie 
J^^'yal  Geoorafhual Society,  \\\.(\^2,2,)- 

421.  A.  D.  1833.    East  Falkland  Island. 


XV. 

BRAZIL  AND   THE   AMAZON. 

*#*  Cf.  sect'  ins  ii.,  xii.,  and  xiii. 

422.  A.  D.  1500.    Brazil  by  La  Cosa. 

A  scctioTi  01  the  l,a  Cosa  chart.  See  ante.  no.  -6 
Kohl  considers  that  La  Cosa,  in  the  water  which  he 
represents  southwest  of  South  America,  .tnticipated 
the  discoverv  of  the  South  Sea  or  Pacific.  He  con- 
sider, the  "  Costa  plaida  "  to  mark  the  island  which 


THE   KOHL  COLLECTION   OF  EARLY   MAPS. 


67 


tfessels  from  St. 
thuy  are  said  to 


differently,  and 


South  of  the 
el. 

lout  comment. 


3f  which  a  fac- 
Ilist.  America, 

rt   of   Soi   h 

5  Atlas  of  Juan 
lied  at  Madrid 
iniiMovcd  from 
'ille,  I7"5." 


)cean  of  north- 
sed  by  Arrow- 
oiis  of  liasiiio 
11  the  Journal 
•i.  (1S36). 

ivagonla  by 
in  the  British 


iTicinity  by 


apt.  King, 


here  between 
i>f  recent  e.v- 
mriial  of  the 

nd. 

rrap/iical  So- 


SON. 


rr ///(-,  no.  26. 
:r  wiiich  he 
anticipated 
:.  lie  con- 
iland  which 


divides  the  Amazon  proper  from  the  Para  river,  and 
JoYds  that  the  names  along  the  coast  are  the  results 
of  the  voyages  of  Pinzon  and  Lepe. 

■423.  A.  D.  1525.    Bra.-1  by  Lorenz  Friesa. 

From  the  Carta  Marina  (Atlas)  of  Lorenz  Friess, 
Kiiv    >rl  in  I  c^o  but  it  represents  rather  the  con- 
S  tb    oV knowl'edge  of  this  'part  of  the  South  Ameri- 
cin  coast  after  the  Poriuguese  evnlorat.ons  of  150-3. 
The  country  is  called,  "  Prisilia  siyc  terra  papagalh. 
Another  German)  inscription  reads, "  In  this  country, 
men  when  they  die,  are  cut  up,  smoked   roasted  and 
^aten''    Another  says,  "They  have  sailed  all  a  o,ig 
ths  coast,  but  no  one  has  penetrated  into  the  country. 
It  is  Sketched  in  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Ihst.  Amerua, 
vol.  viii. 
424.  A.  D.  1542.    Coast  of  Brazil  by  Rotz. 

A  sketch  without  comment.     It  is  from  the  Idr(H 
graphy.     See  ante,  no.  55. 


Era,.li  is  made  an  island. 


—  A.  D.I  578. 

Brazil  in  the  Atlas  of  Johannes  Martines,  in  the 
British  Museum.  See  ante,  no.  7  5.  A  sketch  ot  the 
map  of  Brazil  is  given  in  the  Nar.  and  tril.  Hist 
America,  vol.  viii. 

432.  A.  D.I  599.    South  America  by  Levinua 
HulsiuB. 

An  engraved  map  published  at  Nuremberg,  and 
called  "Novaetexacla  Dclineatio  America;  partis 
Australis,  que  est  Brasilia,"  etc.  Kohl  says  that  the 
Orinoco  is  for  che  first  time  drasyn  inland.  It  is 
represented  as  a  broad  stream,  with  a  mouth  filled 
wi\h  many  islands.  The  usual  "  Panme  Lacus 
connects  with  the  Atlant  c  by  the  Caiane  and  Waia- 
pago  rivers.  A  large  "lacus  Lupuna"  connects 
north  with  the  Amazon,  east  with  the  ocean,  and 
south  (apparently)  with  the  La  Plata  "ver.  See 
facsimile  in  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America,  vol.  viu. 


425.  A.  D.  1546.    Brazil  by  J.  Freire. 

It  shows  the  coast  from  the  mouth  of  the  Amazon 
to  La  Plata.  Copied  from  a  MS.  portolano  then  in 
the  possession  of  Santarcm.  It  gives  latitude  with- 
out  longitude,  and  K"l.l  calls  it  the  earliest  good 
"mvey  by  asti'onomical  helps.  La  Plata  rises  ,n  a 
lake  whi^ch  Kohl  believes  the  same  discovered  by 
Cabe9a  de  Vaca,  a.id  for  the  first  time  laid  down  in 
this  map. 

426.  A.  D.  IS47-    Brazil  by  Nic.  Vallard. 
From  a  MS.  atlas.    See  ante,  no.  i  s  1 


It  re- 


427.  A.  0.1556.    Brazil. 
From  Ramusio,  Via<;gi,  vol.  iii.  (i556)-    Jhe  map 

appears  to  be  of  French  origin.  There  is  a  facsimile 
in  Paul  Gaffarel's  Brlsil  Franfais,  p.  61. 

428.  i .  V.  1558.    Brazil  by  Diego  Homem. 
From  the  MS.  atlas  in  the  British  Museum.    See 

ante,  no.  67.  It  covers  the  same  extent  as  no.  425, 
but  the  coast  is  more  minutely  ."-wn,  and  be- 
sprinkled with  names,  quite  unlike  those  of  freire. 
The  degrees  of  latitude  are  marked,  but  not  num- 
bered. 

429   A  D  i^i^S.    The  Amazon  and  the  North- 
ern Coast  by  Diego  Homem. 

From  the  same  atlas  as  no.  428.  That  part  of  the 
ocean  which  receives  the  flow  of  the  Amazon  is 
called  "Mare  aqiie  dulcis."  The  river  itself  is 
called  "  Rio  de  S.  Juan  de  las  Amazoiuis.  1  he 
names  given  by  Orellana  are  scattered  along  its 
course.  The  name  "Oniaga"  (Omaj^ua)  is  said  by 
Kohl  to  be  here  seen  for  the  first  tnne  on  a  map. 
There  is  a  sketch  of  this  map  in  the  Aar.  and  Crit. 
Hist.  America,  viii. 

430.  A.  D.  1558.    The  Same. 
A  less  perfect  sketch. 

431.  A.  D.  1561.    Brazil  by  Ruscelli. 

Added  by  Ruscelli  5c  the  ed.  of  Ptolemy,  pul> 
lished  1 561,  and  thought  co  be  made  upon  the  dratt 
published  by  Ramu.Vio,  1556;  bui  Kiiscclh  ndo;  line?. 
ot  longitude  and  latitude,  which  Ramusio  did  not 
give.  Kohl  thinks  it  the  earliest  map  of  Brazil  on 
which  longitudes  are  marked.  They  are  nearly 
right  —  by  a  chance. 


—  A.  D.  1651. 

Brazil,  in  Jannson's  Atlas  Minor,  ii.  417. 
sembles  Ramusio's,  no.  427.  '"''^• 

433.  A.  D.  1656.    The  Amazon  by  Sanson. 

A  publishoJ  ma:;,  "  Le  Peru  et  le  Cours  de  la 
Riviere  Amazon,  I'aris,  1656."  It  was  made  m 
iar-e  part  after  the  reports  of  Father  d'Acunha.who 
a'c'^inpanied  Pedro  Texeira  in  .638  on  his  trip  up 
the  Amazon,  therce  to  (^uuo  and  return  An  ac- 
count of  the  journey  was  published  m  Madrid  lit 
640,  but  without  a  map.  Ti,s  "^P- fj^,f  ••r^^^j'y 
Sanson,  on  that  account  continued  to  be  the  best, 
down  to  the  map  of  Father  Fritz  in  1717- 

434.  A.  D.  1695.    Brazil  by  CoronelU. 

A  small  ske  ch,  without  comment. 


435.  A.  D.  1700.  (?)    The  Amazon  by  Friti<,. 

After  a  MS.  map  in  the  Depot  de  la  Marine  at 
Pads;  without  date  or  author,  called  '  Rio  de  Ma- 
.a'li^n  o  de  Amazonas."  Kohl  thinks  it  either  a 
copy  of  Father  Fritz's  map,  as  he  maue  it,  or  as  it 
w-s  en<^raved  in  Quito  in  1707.  The  names  agree 
V  ththSse  in  Fritz's  report.  It  does  not  give  the 
upper  course  of  the  Ucayale,  which  is  given  in  no. 
Slt^st),  but  it  gives  details  generally  wita  greater 
fulness. 

436.  A.  D.  1703.    The  Amazon  by  Delisle. 

It  is  called,  "  Carte  du  Pays  des  Amazones,  par 
De  I'Isle,  d'apr^s  Ilerrera,  Laet,  Acuna,  Rodriguez, 
etc.,  1703."  It  is  incorrect  in  many  important  par- 
ticulars. 

437.  A.  D.  1703.    Brazil  by  Delisle. 

Called,  "  Carte  du  Bresil  d'apres  Herrera,  Laet, 
-^cuna,  Rodriguez  et  sur  plusicurs  relations,  1703. 
Kdd  considers  Sanson's  map  of  1656  far  more  ac- 
curate. 

438.  A.  D.  1707.    The  Amazon  by  Fritz. 

The  German  Jesuit  missionary,  Ff  her  Samuel 
Frli.  wns  familiar  with  the  river  after  1686,  and 
'  during  his  journeys  he  used  rude  instruments  w 
male  observations  of  laliUide,  but  If  had  none  to 
determine  longitude,  though  lines  of  longi  ude  a  e 
given  in  his  map.    This  map  was  engraved  in  Quito 


If 


I 


68 


THE   KOHL  COLLECTION   OF   EARLY  MAPS. 


in  1707  and  is  the  earliest  map  based  on  any  astro- 
nomical observations.  A  reduced  copy  of  it  was  in 
1717.  published  in  the  /..//m-  ^,/^lL.,  b^  w as 
Ib^rr? ^'"'u'  ''y  ^'r"^>  ■q^o'-ts,  ^Wiich  were  never 
mbl  shed.  It  remained  the  best  maji  till  that  of 
Condannnc    (1744)   was    published.      The    present 

?vob  Si  "TVi-l  "''^"''"""  "^  """  ■^''^"'''  ^'''M»tcs 

439.  A.  D.  1744.    The  Amazon  by  Condamine. 

Condamine  was  on  the  river  in  1741  and  1744  and 
he  wa.s  provided  with  better  instruments  than^Fru 
possessed  so  that  he  placed  points  on  the  river  as- 
tronomically with  more  accuracy.     Kohl  bv  a  dotted 

sui'viyty  Frul"''  '""'  '^'''^'''  ^'^  con.paVison,  the 

440.  A.  D.  1749.    The  River  Madeira  from  Sou- 
they's  Papers. 

h  J'l?7  ■''  ^V'!'  ","'?  '"  ""^  ^^''''^'^  Museum,  which 
had  belonged  to  Robert  Southey,  when  he  was  writ- 
ing his  //«/.  of/M,z//.  It  is  a  Portuguese  map  and 
seems  to  have  been  made  by  a  trader  from  Para. 

441.  A.  D.  1751.    The  Amazon. 
A  corrected  sketch  without  comment. 


442.   A.  D.  1769. 


The  Amazon  by  Father 
Amich. 


447.  A.  D.  1547.    La  Plata  by  Nic.  Vallard. 

Jn  k"'^'"''  f,°"'^  '°,  '^'•■•e^""'"'-^  «faits.  From  the 
el-known  atlas  m  the  Sir  Thomas  Phillipp's  Col- 
ec  ton,  marked,  «  Dicu  pour  espoir.  Nico  as  Va - 
•aid  do  Dieppe,  1547."  It  has  been  questioned  if 
his  was  not  the  name  of  the  owner,  ra  her  than  of 
he  maker  of  the  atlas,  but  Kohl  says  the  wr   i'g  is 

the  same  as  the  inscriptions  contained  on  the  Infps! 

ctutS  ?!  ^T'""""'}^  '"^'■''«''  '^"'  the  degrees 
of  latitude,  though  traced,  are  not  numbered.     The 

IVrn,hT  '"°'nl^  ^'ortugucse,  but  with  an  occasional 
lut'^^ot  named.""  ""''  "'  ""''  "^"  J^^"^°  '«  ''"- 

448.  A.  D.  1547.    The  Same. 

An  imperfect  sketch,  without  annotation. 

449.  A.  D.  1597.    La  Plata  by  Wytfliet. 
A  corrected  sketch,  without  annotation. 

450.  A.  D.  1598.    Mouth  of  the  La  Plata. 

A  Dutch  map,  which  accompanied  an  account  of 

ac;:SL^e.:rk;i^"-'^^"'^^«^'^^'-^->' 


AmiH'^^  J  British  Museum.  Kohl  thinks' t'hat 
Amich  s  advances  in  the  cartography  of  this  region 
were  not  well  known  for  some  Time  after  1769. 

443. 


A.  D.  1790.     The  Huallaga  and  Ucayali 
Rivers  by  Sobreviela. 

Snbriv,Vi''"'''P"'"'*'^  by  Father  Francisco  Manuel 
bobreyiela  in  1790,  as  corrected  by  Amadeo  Chau- 
nie  e  m  1S30,  and  published  that  year  at  Lima. 

444.  A.  D.  1S14.    The  Rivers  Ucayale  and  Hual- 
laga by  Father  Carballo. 

Fathei    Paule  Monso   Carballo   belonged   to  the 
J  ranciscan  convent  of  Ocopa  in  Peru,     lie  used  th^ 
M.S.  maps  111  the  archives  of  his  convent  which  had   j 
been  dqiositec    from  time  to  time  by  the  mission-   ' 
aues  whom  It  had  sent  out, 

445.  A.  D.  1825.    The  Amazon. 

A  MS.  drfa  s;eo.i:mphica  das  Prmincias  do  Grao 
Para  e  K,o  Acgro,  Para,  1825. 

446.  A.  D.  1852.    The  Negro  and  Naupes  bv 

A.  R.  ■Wallace. 

th  J',!!'\'"''''''  "^^'^^  ''y  '^^'■'"''"^'^  f™'^  observations  on 
the  rner  in  1850-52,  was  published  in  the  Royal 
Geographical  Society s  Journal,  xxiii.  "^ 


XVI. 

LA   PLATA. 

*»*  Cf.  sections  xii.  and  xiv. 

—  A.  D.  1515. 

Wieser  thinks  that  the  map  in  Kunstmann  (pi.  iv.) 
Ks^a^Portuguese  copy  of  a  map  made  by  yoli.'of  this 


451.  A.  D.  160G.    La  Plata. 

A  Spanish  map  published  by  Jodocus  Ilondius  in 
riis  Atlas  m  "  '307. 

452.  A.  D.  1630-35.    Parana  and  Uruguav 
Rivers. 

.  The  earliest  map  constructed  b"  the  Jesuit  mis- 
sionaries, and  published  byElaeu  in  \\^^  Atlas.  It 
shows  the  stations  which  were  destroyed  and  those 
which  were  spared  in  the  raids  of  the  slave  huntcis 
ot  St.  I'aulo,  1630-35. 

—  A.  n.  1651. 
La  Plata  in  Jannson's  Minor  Atlas,  ii.  421. 

453.  A.n.  1733.    La  Plata  by  D'Anville. 

It  shows^both  coasts  of  Sou.h  America  between 
If)  and  37  S.  lat.,  and  represents  the  continent  as 
much  narrower  than  on  earlier  maps. 

454.  A.  D.  1733.    The  Same. 
Without  annotation. 

455.  A.  D.  1826.    Rio  Vermejo  by  Soria. 

A  branch  of  the  La  Plata.  This  map  was  made 
from  memory  after  Francia.  the  dictator  of  Par.i- 
piay,  had  seized  the  papers  of  Dr.  Pablo  Sorin,  who 
had  conducted  the  cxjiloration  for  a  company  in 
Piienos  Ayrcs.  The  present  copy  follows  a  draft 
made  for  the  Geographical  Society  of  Paris  Cf 
Sir  Woodbine  Parish's  Buenos  Ayr'es,  London,  1839 


XVIL 

PERU  AND  CHILL 

*»*  Cf.  sections  ii ,  xii.,  and  xiii. 

456.  A,  n.  i532(?).    Peru. 

It  extends  10°  north  and  south  of  the  equator.  It 
IS  French  in  language,  but  Kohl  conjectures  that  it 
follows  early  Spanish  majis  sent  home  by  Pizarro. 


THE   KOHL  COLLECTION   OF   EARLY  MAPS. 


69 


ic.  Vallard. 

raits.  From  the 
<  l*hilli])p's  Col- 
r.  Nicolas  Val- 
-n  questioned  if 
■,  rather  than  of 
■s  the  writing  is 
id  on  the  maps, 
but  the  degrees 
umbered.  The 
:h  an  occasional 
uieiro  is  drawn 


tation. 

irtfliet. 
tion. 

1  Plata. 

an  account  of 
by  the  Dutch 


is  Ilondius  in 


Uruguay 

le  Jesuit  mis- 
liis  Af/iis.  It 
ed  and  those 
slave  hunteis 


I.  421. 

iville. 

rica  between 
continent  as 


ioria. 

p  was  made 
tor  of  I'ar.v 
:>  .Sorin,  who 
company  in 
ows  a  draft 
Paris.  Cf. 
ondon,  1839. 


quator.  It 
ires  that  it 
ljy  I'i;!arro. 


It  was  in  Tomard's  possession  when  Kohl  made  his 
coDV  The  battle  of  Ca.\amalca  is  sketched  in  the 
southern  part  of  the  map,  and  Kohl  believes  the 
original  draft  of  the  map  may  have  been  sent  to 
Spain  shortly  after  that  event. 

457.  A.D.  i532(?).    The  Same. 

An  imperfect  sketch,  without  annotation. 

458.  A.  D.  1597-    Peru  by  Wytfliet. 

An  imperfect  sketch,  without  annotation. 


459.  A.  D.  1601.    Peru  by  Herrera. 

Follows  an  engraved  map  in  Ilerrera's  Descripcion 
de  las  Indias,  Madrid,  1601. 

460  A.  D.  1630.    Chill,  Patagonia,  and  Magel- 
lan's Straits. 

After  a  map  in  the  Depot  de  la  Marine  in  Paris, 
made  by  the  Father  Procurator  of  the  Jesuits  in 
Ciiili,  who  acknowledges  his  indebtedness  to  De 
Laet,  Herrera,  and  De  liry.  Kohl  engraves  it  in 
his  Magellan' s-Strasse. 

461.  A.  D.  1 63 1.    Peru  by  Jannson. 

This  map  is  a  published  one,  drawn  probably 
eclecttcally  from  Herrera  and  other  serviceable 
sources,  and  also  possibly  from  Dutch  reports.  The 
latitudes  are  fairly  accurate,  but  longitudes  are  not 
attempted. 

462.  A.  D.  1646.    Chili  by  Ovalle. 

It  includes  Pata-^onia  and  the  straits  of  M.igcll.an; 
and  follows  Sanson's  reproduction  (1656)  of  the 
map  of  the  Jesuit  Ovalle,  engraved  in  Rome  in  1646. 
It  resembles  no.  460,  but  is  richer  in  names,  and  is 
otherwise  an  advance  upon  that  draft. 

—  A.  D.  1651. 

Peru  in  Jannson's  Atlas  Minor,  ii.  411. 

463.  A.  11.  i7oo(.').    New  Spain  and  Peru. 

From  a  Cndsiinf  Voyage  round  the  World  by  Capt. 
Woodes  A'oi^ers,  London,"i7i2.  where  it  was  engraved 
by  J.  Senex.  The  book  gives  no  hint  of  the  origin 
of  the  map,  other  than  that  this  and  the  following 
no.  464  were  captured  by  Capt.  Rogers  in  the  South 
Seas. 


464.  A.  u.  i700(?).    ChiU. 

From  the  same  work  as  no.  463,  but  it  is  not  so 
accurate  a  map  for  the  time. 

465.  A.  D.  1703.    Chili  by  Delisle. 

Not  a  very  accurate  representation  o£  the  best 
knowledge  ot  its  time,  —  as  Kohl  thinks. 

466.  A.  D.  17 1 2.    Peru. 

This  map  is  from  the  same  sources  as  nos.  463 
and  464,  and  comes  between  them,  in  making  a  con- 
tinuous coast  line.  Kohl  gives  it  the  date  of  Rogers 
book,  1712,  v.'hile  he  dates  the  others  about  1700. 

467.  A.  D.  17 13.    Los  Moxos. 

A  Jesuit  map  of  the  province  showing  mission 
stations.  A  retluction  of  it  is  given  in  the  Leiires 
Edijiantes,  vol.  viii.  (1781)  P-  337* 

468.  A.  D.  1713.    The  Same. 

Without  annotations. 

469.  A.D.  i767(?).    The  River  Marmore. 

An  undated  MS.  map  of  the  liishopric  of  Santa 
Cruz  de  la  Sierra  in  Peru,  preserved  in  the  British 
Museum.    It  resembles  no.  467. 

470.  A.D.  1 78 1.    The  Moxos  Country. 

A  small  sketch  of  the  mission-sites  in  Moxos. 

471.  A.  D.  1 783.    The  Missions  of  Ocopa. 

One  of  the  earliest  maps  made  by  the  missionaries 
of  Ocopa.    It  is  preserved  in  the  British  Museum. 

472.  A.D.  1796.    Peru  by  A.  Baleato. 

A  MS.  map  attached  to  an  official  report  (pre- 
served in  the  lUitish  Museum)  rendered  on  a  change 
of  Viceroys  in  Peru  in  1796. 

473.  A.  D.  1835.    Excursiona  about  Cusco. 


Maps  of  journeys  made  by  Gcnenil  Miller,  en- 
graved in  the  Royal  Geographical  Society's  journal, 
vol.  vi.  (1836). 

474.  A.  D.  1S36.    The  Same. 
Cancelled. 


'"iNAL  NOTK  [Aug.  II,  1886).    In  adding  titles  of  maps  to  the  enumeration  of  Dr.  Kohl,  no  attempt  has 
beer,  made  to  give  (.11  maps,  not  mentioned  by  Kohl. 

During  the  progress  of  this  "  Contribution,"  there  has  appeared  in  the  Report  of  tJ .  Sutcrintendent  of  the 
U.  S.  Coast  Su>-7'ey,  ending  June,  1884  (Washington,  1885),  as  Appendix  no.  19  (pp.  49S-6i7).  a  History  of 
Disc(r,<ery  and  Exploration  on  the  Coasts  of  the  United  States,  by  J.  G.  Kohl,  with  this  prefatory  note  :  "  1  he 
historical  accounts  here  given  of  discovery  and  exploration  on  the  coasts  of  the  United  States  were  prepared 
at  the  inst.ince  of  Professor  A.  D.  Bnche,  the  superintendent  of  the  co.ist  ,«urvey  at  the  time  (1854)  of  Dr. 
Kohl's  visit  to  this  country.  But  a  few  years  had  then  elapsnd  since  the  beginning  of  the  survey  on  the 
Pacific  coast,  and  the  want  of  .in  authoritative  and  connected  account  of  early  explor.ition  upon  that  coast 
was  greatly  felt.  Trustworthy  data  were  needed  to  est.iblish  the  origin  of  geographical  n.imes,  to  decide 
disputed  points  of  orthography,  to  identify  localities  named  by  early  explorers,  and  to  show  the  condition  of 
discovery  and  fix  the  limit  of    eographical  knowledge  at  various  periods.    The  work  undertaken  by  Dr. 


; 


I 


i!-- 


70 


THE  KOHL  COLLECTION   OF  EARLY  MAPS. 


not  having  been  availaWe  i    has  now  iLn  7        f  f  ^  f""'"'    ^'''"  '•"■  "'^^  Publication  as  a  whole 
n.en,oir  is'appenCed  a  :st';rthe    Xtior^ftaps     lo^ro  til:^'"  '''  "^'°""'  P"^'"""    '^°  ^-'^ 

from  old  manuscripts  or  rare  prints  and  thoseT'^re  Zt  '''  "■'  """^'"^  ^'°"'  °"fi'"»'«'  °'f>^" 

histonca,  connection."    The  ^ape^ k^o^h^hirst^^^^^^^^ 
II.,  the  Gulf  of  Mexico ;  III.,  the  Pacific  coast  "     '        Atlantic  coast ; 

mcreaaing  k„„„l=dga,  .poke  dUparagingly  „/,he  JS  hHw  f„h;,  .t"  '  ""■ '"  '"=  "^'"  °'  "' 


■ 


of  maps  show- 
capes,  harbors, 
iveries. 

1  was  asked  to 
;ompletion,  the 
ion  as  a  whole 
tion.  To  each 
riginals,  others 
in  the  chain  of 
i^tlantic  coast ; 

d  have  shown 
in  large  part 
ication  of  the 
to  the  student, 
e  light  of  his 


I 


il 


